Please see the edited question, I added the screenshot. So while doing Android enrollment process through Microsoft Intune for client device, It is redirected to Google Chrome, where I entered user credential which is created from Microsoft Intune Admin Center. It is authenticating successfully and telling me to open this page, which is showing in this screenshot.
When I click on above link, it is not opening anything and I'm again redirecting to same page.
Troubleshooting:
When I restarted the device, it is telling me to install Work apps, like Microsoft Authenitcator, but it is keep loading and not downloading, even though license and permission is granted from Microsoft Intune center.
Please check all other screenshots.