After crash and rollback, Windows 11 won't install updates

A few days ago, Windows crashed -- something that happens every now and then -- but this time it was really dead. I ended up rolling back to my saved state on Sep 8th (Sep 9th wouldn't work, was apparently toast) and finally got started again.

Now Windows keeps nagging me to restart to install updates (KB5065426 and KB5064401):

So I dutifully click Restart Now, and... it restarts without installing anything. I tried going to the shutdown menu and choosing "Update and restart"... it restarts without installing anything.

What can I do to fix this?