What SharePoint library columns might be recognized as columns (details/fields) in File Explorer?

Think of it this way, SharePoint knows a lot about Office document properties (because SP used to be part of the Office product line) and somethings about other vendors documents, if you want SharePoint to know more about those properties, you can created custom content types and/or managed search properties. 

Windows File Explorer does not know a lot about properties configured in SharePoint because every company can customize SharePoint as they see fit. Why the Windows team has not integrated with the default SP Properties is a mystery to me.