Renaming columns -> new name not showing for site members

I think, I ran into another strange symptom of this bug. The problem itself is the same. I create new columns without blanks and special characters, then rename them afterwords. Never had an issue with that, up until this one new list. It surfaces in three different ways:

1. Like all the others here, new colums are shown only with their first name. Renaming is not displayed
2. Now it gets strange. I also renamed the very first column "Title", then renamed it again, as i repurposed that column. Guess what, it sticks to the first rename now all the time.
3. Really strange. Same for the list name. Left out the blank initially, renamed it with blank. Gets only displayed without blank.

So testing with other colleagues might also hint into the language/regional settings corner. I am German working on an english laptop. But my fellow Germans on german laptops have the same issue. My IT support from India does not have the issue. Couldn´t get a real pattern here.

BUT what I could figure out: Once I clear the browser cache, I get all the renamed column names. Once I hit refresh, all the initial names are back. Also, when opening the list, for a very very brief moment the correct names are displayed, then instantly overwritten with the initial name. Same behavior on Edge and Firefox. So it is somehow down to the Cache, but I have no better means then clearing it. Any idea?

I spent several hours on the phone with Microsoft to look into the problem and we manage to solve it. We looked at a number of solutions:

Solution 1: Forcing and executing column indexing

• Go to the list settings, click on advanced settings, turn on "index non-standard views", click on "re-index list".
• This can take up to 24 hours, depending on the size of the site, region of the tenant and how often this job is running.

Solution 2: Creating a search scheme

• Make sure the list contains the content types.
• Go to the site settings > management of the site collection and select "search scheme". Click on "crawled properties".
• Search for properties starting with "ows_".
• If the indexing works and the list contains data, the search with results should return. If not, you can add search properties manually.
• Check the operation of the search by searching for a known value that is already in the list.

This option re-indexes columns. Check if other members of this site see the new column names.

Solution 3: Check site features
When I create a new site in SharePoint I turn off unnecessary features by default. Features like "create new pages", "site notepad", "social features", and some more unnecessary features.

Apparently, column names are not updated for other site members and visitors if a feature (I suspect the "create new pages" option) is not enabled. In the end, this was the solution for me.