Formula/method to link the data/responses I get from my forms into a different table.

Hello ged2​, 

You’re seeing #SPILL! because your formula is returning an array where Excel expects a single value.

The #SPILL! error happens because your formula is referencing an entire column (Responses[Column]) which returns an array, but IF expects a single value.

Instead, you need to pull one row at a time. For example, in your Table2 use:

=INDEX(Responses[When was this transaction made?], ROW()-ROW(Table2[#Headers]))

This way, each row in Table2 gets the corresponding value from the Responses table without spilling.

If you want a dynamic list instead of row‑by‑row linking, you can use:

=FILTER(Responses[When was this transaction made?], Responses[When was this transaction made?]<>"")

Or, for more flexibility, load the Responses table into Power Query and shape it into Table2.

so the problem is that "Responses[When was this transaction made?]" refers to that entire column of that table and therefor that IF statement is trying to output an array of results.  It appears that formula is in a table of its own and array output are not allowed in a table.

if the tables line up the simpliest answer may be to add the @ symbol to tell excel to use the corresponding row of the array/table:

Responses[@[When was this transaction made?]]

That said the better way is to either expand on the response table and make your calculations there or just pull the whole table and perform whatevere filter/calculations you need and spill the whole table/set of data all at once.