Create an Excel-based form that is instanced for each user and connects to Power Automate

I'm trying to standardize and simplify a process at my job because we receive the request type in the picture in several different formats via email and there are no parameters for the fields, so we end up with a lot of garbage/incorrect entries that we need to clean up every week. While I've used Excel in all my office jobs, I'm not as versed in it as this task seemingly requires.

What I have so far is the form below, which can be "submitted" with all the relevant data being written to a separate sheet. Ideally, if possible, managers would access this form through our company Sharepoint and only be able to view an instanced version unique to them, so multiple users could theoretically access the form and submit requests at the same time without seeing others' entries. Then whatever data they enter would be written to a separate Excel sheet/workbook that only the relevant team can view, where payment amounts are split into different lines based on Job and Sub Job. The ultimate goal would then be to have Power Automate put together an Excel spreadsheet that we can upload into our ERP. If we can automate this process to a point where we just need to check for accuracy, we'd save hours every week.

Is what I'm trying to do even possible with Excel, and if not, is there a better avenue in the Microsoft Office suite? I would love to be pointed in the right direction so I can research and learn. I've looked into making a Microsoft Forms version of this sheet, but it seems more suited to simpler form entries, at least as far as I can tell.