The AI job boom continues: Build the skills that move business forward
Discover new AI powered business Certifications to validate the skills that matter most. Gretchen LaBelle: Copilot + Agents Learning Portfolio Manager, Global Skilling Tarek Saleh Eldin: Content Publishing Manager, Global Skilling In Part 1 of this series, The AI job boom is here. Are you ready to showcase your skills?, we explored how Microsoft Certifications across AI, cloud, and security are evolving to keep pace with a rapidly changing job market. AI is no longer a niche capability. It’s becoming foundational across roles, reshaping how work gets done, and redefining how professionals create impact. This post picks up that thread. As organizations move from experimenting with AI to operationalizing it at scale, big changes are happening in business solutions roles. These shifts demand the ability to apply AI in real business contexts, redesign processes, build intelligent apps and agents, and lead transformation responsibly across the organization. Earlier this year, Microsoft introduced four new AI business solutions Certifications: Microsoft Certified: Agentic AI Business Solutions Architect (Exam AB‑100) Microsoft 365 Certified: Copilot and Agent Administration Fundamentals (Exam AB‑900) Microsoft Certified: AI Business Professional (Exam AB‑730) Microsoft Certified: AI Transformation Leader (Exam AB‑731) Together, these Certifications map to the critical roles in an AI‑driven workplace, from business practitioners and IT administrators to solution architects and transformation leaders. Building on that foundation, we’re launching new Certifications to help amplify human skills for AI-powered roles in the business landscape. New AI business solutions credentials: April 2026 and beyond Additional new Certification exams begin rolling out in beta starting in April 2026, with more releases over the following months, and going live later this year. The Microsoft Certified: AI Agent Builder Associate Certification is designed for tech pros, including developers, AI engineers, and architects, who are pushing AI agents beyond out‑of‑the‑box scenarios to implement production‑ready Microsoft Copilot Studio agents and multi‑agent solutions capable of sophisticated processes, workflow automation, and enterprise integration. Exam AB-620 beta and training available in April 2026; exam expected to go live in June 2026. The Microsoft Certified: Dynamics 365 Contact Center AI Engineer Associate Certification is designed for contact center engineers and solutions pros who design and run modern contact center as a service (CCaaS) solutions with Dynamics 365 Contact Center and service‑oriented autonomous agents. This Certification goes beyond routing and channels, focusing on how AI, Microsoft Copilot, and agents deliver scalable, always‑on service across voice and digital channels. Exam AB-250 beta and training available in June 2026; exam expected to go live in August 2026. The Microsoft Certified: Dynamics 365 Sales AI Consultant Associate Certification is for modern sellers who design and operationalize AI‑powered sales solutions across the lead‑to‑cash lifecycle, emphasizing Copilot-driven productivity and insights, AI-powered opportunity research and qualification, agent configuration and lifecycle management, and secure, scalable automation aligned with governance and responsible AI. Exam AB‑210 beta and training available in May 2026; exam expected to go live in June 2026. The Microsoft Certified: Intelligent Applications Builder Associate Certification equips Microsoft Power Platform pros to build for an AI-first world, where apps, agents, automation, and models work as one. It validates the skills to use Copilot and natural language to design intelligent solutions, embed agents across experiences, and ship responsibly with strong governance and application lifecycle management. Exam AB-410 beta and training available in April 2026; exam expected to go live in June 2026. The Microsoft Applied Skills: Build an agent-first app credential validates learners’ ability to build an app that surfaces a Copilot Studio agent and to craft prompts that make the agent genuinely effective, not just functional. This credential is part of the broader Microsoft Certified: Intelligent Applications Builder Associate (Exam AB-410) Certification journey, serving as a fast, accessible entry point for those looking to get started with agent-first development before pursuing the full Certification. Credential and training expected to go live in June 2026. Refresh: The Microsoft Certified: Power Platform Fundamentals Certification (Exam PL-900) is being updated with a streamlined, one-day instructor-led course and a new training program. These improvements are designed to align with the AI-powered Microsoft Power Platform and to make it easier than ever for learners to start building confidently. Training and courseware updates are scheduled for June 2026, with minor exam changes planned at the same time to reflect these enhancements. Retiring Certifications: What you need to know We’re committed to keeping our Certifications portfolio aligned with latest technology. As we launch new Certifications, we also retire some older credentials to keep the portfolio mapped to evolving roles. The following table itemizes what’s changing and provides key dates for Certification and training retirements in 2026. If your Certification is eligible for renewal, please renew it before the retirement date. Retiring Microsoft Credential Credential and exam retirement date Planned training retirement date Related new Credential Microsoft Certified: Dynamics 365 Customer Experience Analyst Associate (Exam MB-280) July 31, 2026 July 31, 2026 Microsoft Certified: Dynamics 365 Sales AI Consultant Associate (Exam AB-210) Microsoft Certified: Power Platform Functional Consultant Associate (Exam PL-200) August 31, 2026 August 31, 2026 Microsoft Certified: Intelligent Applications Builder Associate (Exam AB-410) Microsoft Certified: Dynamics 365: Finance and Operations Apps Solution Architect Expert (Exam MB-700) June 30, 2026 June 30, 2026 No new Certification is planned. To stay up to date with these technologies please refer to the Microsoft technical documentation. Microsoft Certified: Power Platform Solution Architect Expert (Exam PL-600) June 30, 2026 June 30, 2026 Microsoft Certified: Dynamics 365 Supply Chain Management Functional Consultant Expert (Exam MB-335) June 30, 2026 June 30, 2026 Microsoft Certified: Dynamics 365 Field Service Functional Consultant Associate (Exam MB-240) June 30, 2026 June 30, 2026 Microsoft Certified: Power Automate RPA Developer Associate (Exam PL-500) June 30, 2026 June 30, 2026 Microsoft Applied Skills: Create and manage model-driven apps with Power Apps and Dataverse June 30, 2026 June 30, 2026 Microsoft Applied Skills: Build an agent-first app Note: The recently released Microsoft Certified: Agentic AI Business Solutions Architect Certification (Exam AB‑100), although not a direct replacement for the retiring Certifications listed here, is the flagship expert‑level Certification, spanning a significantly broader scope and covering agentic architectures, AI‑driven solution design, and end‑to‑end business impact. If you currently hold one of the retiring expert-level Certifications (associated with Exam MB‑700, Exam PL‑600, Exam MB-335, Exam MB-240, or Exam PL-500), consider pursuing the Microsoft Certified: Agentic AI Business Solutions Architect Certification (Exam AB‑100) as your next step. Navigating the transition: FAQs The following questions and answers can help you determine how these retirements and expanded portfolio could impact your learning journey: Q. Why is Microsoft implementing these updates? A. Microsoft Credentials are valuable, as is the time you spend earning them. With the ongoing evolutions in technology, it’s essential that we keep the credentials up to date so we can help you stay aligned with latest skills and trends. We’re implementing these updates to provide a valuable path forward to keep up with the latest skills. Q. I’ve already earned one of the retiring Certifications. What happens now? A. If you’ve already earned any of the retiring Certifications, your credential remains valid until it expires. Retirement does not revoke or invalidate Certifications that were earned while the exam was active. They show your continued dedication to staying up to date and learning new skills in this ever-changing technical landscape. Q. What if a Certification that’s retiring is part of the prerequisites for an expert-level Certification? A. If a retiring Certification is required for an expert-level Certification, the requirements for that expert-level Certification will be updated as needed. The retiring Certification will be removed from the requirements and replaced (as appropriate) with a new associate-level Certification. If you’ve earned an expert-level Certification by earning an associate-level Certification that’s now retiring, you’ll continue to hold the expert-level Certification as long as you renew the expert-level Certification when it’s eligible. After you’ve earned a Certification, and if you renew it when it’s eligible, you hold it until it expires. If you’ve earned an associate-level Certification that’s a requirement for an expert-level Certification and that associate-level Certification hasn't expired, it can still satisfy the expert-level requirement. Be sure to meet all the requirements for the expert-level Certification before the associate-level Certification expires. Expired Certifications cannot be used to meet the requirements for an expert-level Certification. Q. Can I renew a soon-to-retire Certification? A. Yes, as long as it’s eligible for renewal and you renew it before the Certification officially retires, you can renew a soon-to-retire Certification. Please note that Fundamentals Certifications don’t expire. Q. Is there a direct transition path from a retiring Certification that I’ve already earned to the related new Certification, or do I need to pass the new exam? A. To earn the new Certification, you need to pass the new exam, since the new exam and the old one don’t measure the same skill sets. Q. I’m preparing for an exam that’s retiring. What should I do? A. The time you spend preparing for an exam and earning a Certification never goes to waste. If you’re actively preparing for an exam that’s retiring and a replacement exam has been announced: If you’ve already registered for the exam, you can continue preparing for it and take it while it’s still available. Keep in mind that after the exam retires, you won’t be able to retake it if you don’t pass, and you won’t be able to renew it. Exam registration ends on the same day that the exam retires. If you haven’t registered for the exam and there’s a related new exam, we strongly recommend that you prepare for and take the new exam instead, as noted in the following table. If you’re not close to testing for this exam Prepare for and take this exam instead Learning path and instructor-led training expected to be available in Exam MB-280 Exam AB-210 April 2026 Exam PL-200 Exam AB-410 April 2026 If you’re preparing for Exam PL-900 to earn the Microsoft Certified: Power Platform Fundamentals Certification, the new Course PL-900 will be available at the end of June 2026. If you’re preparing for Exam MB-335 to earn the Microsoft Certified: Dynamics 365 Supply Chain Management Functional Consultant Associate Certification, Exam MB-700 to earn the Microsoft Certified: Dynamics 365: Finance and Operations Apps Solution Architect Expert Certification, or Exam PL-600 to earn the Microsoft Certified: Power Platform Solution Architect Expert Certification, consider preparing for and taking Exam AB-100 to earn the Microsoft Certified: Agentic AI Business Solutions Architect Certification, the new flagship expert‑level Certification for solutions architects, available now. Note that to earn the Certification, you must pass Exam AB-100 and you must also have a current associate-level Certification. Q. How might these updates impact partner competency requirements? A. To track whether and how these updates might impact partner competency requirements, go to Solutions Partner for Business Applications in the Partner Center. The bigger picture AI is transforming not only what technology can do but also who does the work and how. Whether you’re building agents, designing intelligent apps, transforming sales, or leading enterprise AI strategy, there’s now a Certification that reflects the real skills your role demands. These Certifications can help ensure that you’re not only ready for AI-driven work but you’re also leading it. We’ll share updates for the new AI business solutions Certifications, including beta exams and go-live dates, on The Skills Hub Blog. Stay tuned! Explore more Microsoft Credentials on AI Skills Navigator.More powerful agents and workflows for autonomous business processes: Introducing a new harness for Copilot Studio
Over the past two months, we’ve been previewing a new capability within Copilot Studio that lets you build agents capable of taking on more complex business processes. Today, we’re excited to share that this capability is now generally available for production use and to introduce its new name: the GitHub Copilot harness in Copilot Studio. Meet the GitHub Copilot harness The GitHub Copilot harness gives Copilot Studio the coding and reasoning capabilities behind our most advanced agent experiences (like Copilot Cowork and the GitHub Copilot coding agent). This means your agents can now handle work that used to be out of reach, including processes that have many steps, many sources, and ambiguous decision points. The new harness is built for complex, long-horizon work using the latest frontier reasoning models like Opus 5, GPT-5.6 Sol, and Fable 5. It can plan, reason through dynamic problems, run an agentic loop, use skills, integrate workflows, connect to tools and agents in other platforms, and produce rich, multi-part outputs. In our own testing with real world business process evals, Copilot Studio shows significant performance and quality gains when using the GitHub Copilot harness. Improvements in multi-tool use, file analysis, code analysis, and knowledge quality mean these agents are more capable of taking on your most complex business processes. To help you build these more capable agents, we’re also delivering new experiences for makers building agents with the GitHub Copilot harness. The agent designer is more intuitive for authoring, putting the most important tools right within reach to make authoring faster, while retaining full agent lifecycle management features. Then, the workflow designer gives a visual canvas to understand and edit workflows, including adding agent nodes and running workflow evals. And soon, natural language authoring will let you describe your business goal and assemble the right combination of agents and workflows through a multi-turn conversation. Agents running on the GitHub Copilot harness use usage-based billing for all work, regardless of Microsoft 365 Copilot licensing. You pay for your agent’s usage based on the models you choose, the organizational context and tools you add, and runtime used. Certain AI-driven maker experiences, like natural language authoring, evaluations, and testing, will also fall under usage-based billing if building with the GitHub Copilot harness. You can learn more about Copilot Studio usage-based billing here. Continued Support for Copilot Chat and Standard harnesses Adding a new harness does not change the ones you already rely on. Different harnesses can be optimized for different outcomes, so rather than relying on a single one-size-fits-all approach, Copilot Studio now lets you choose the harness that best fits your scenario. This means Copilot Studio supports three harnesses today: The Copilot Chat harness, which uses the same harness as Microsoft 365 Copilot Chat and is ideal for customizing Copilot Chat experiences. The Standard harness, which most agents built in Copilot Studio use today and is great for conversational agents with rules-based topics. The new GitHub Copilot harness, which uses the power of GitHub Copilot SDK to automate complex, agentic business processes. We will continue to support the Copilot Chat and Standard harnesses in Copilot Studio for both existing agents and authoring of new agents. Microsoft 365 Copilot licensed users continue to benefit from fair use of Copilot Chat or Standard harness agents included in their Microsoft 365 Copilot license. For all other usage, the Copilot Chat and Standard harnesses will continue to be billed using the existing fixed rate card. Get started today The GitHub Copilot harness is generally available now, and you can start creating these agents directly from the Copilot Studio homepage. We can’t wait to see what you build. Share your thoughts using the feedback control in the top right corner of the product. Your input directly shapes what we build—and how you build—next. Try Copilot Studio today!Introducing Microsoft Agent Factory
Microsoft Agent Factory is a new program designed for organizations that want to move from experimentation to execution faster. With a single plan, organizations can build agents with Work IQ, Fabric IQ, and Foundry IQ using Microsoft Foundry and Copilot Studio. They can also deploy their agents anywhere, including Microsoft 365 Copilot, with no upfront licensing and provisioning required. Eligible organizations can also tap into hands-on engagement from top AI Forward Deployed Engineers (FDEs) and access tailored role-based training to boost AI fluency across teams.Integrate Custom Azure AI Agents with Copilot Studio and M365 Copilot
Integrating Custom Agents with Copilot Studio and M365 Copilot In today's fast-paced digital world, integrating custom agents with Copilot Studio and M365 Copilot can significantly enhance your company's digital presence and extend your CoPilot platform to your enterprise applications and data. This blog will guide you through the integration steps of bringing your custom Azure AI Agent Service within an Azure Function App, into a Copilot Studio solution and publishing it to M365 and Teams Applications. When Might This Be Necessary: Integrating custom agents with Copilot Studio and M365 Copilot is necessary when you want to extend customization to automate tasks, streamline processes, and provide better user experience for your end-users. This integration is particularly useful for organizations looking to streamline their AI Platform, extend out-of-the-box functionality, and leverage existing enterprise data and applications to optimize their operations. Custom agents built on Azure allow you to achieve greater customization and flexibility than using Copilot Studio agents alone. What You Will Need: To get started, you will need the following: Azure AI Foundry Azure OpenAI Service Copilot Studio Developer License Microsoft Teams Enterprise License M365 Copilot License Steps to Integrate Custom Agents: Create a Project in Azure AI Foundry: Navigate to Azure AI Foundry and create a project. Select 'Agents' from the 'Build and Customize' menu pane on the left side of the screen and click the blue button to create a new agent. Customize Your Agent: Your agent will automatically be assigned an Agent ID. Give your agent a name and assign the model your agent will use. Customize your agent with instructions: Add your knowledge source: You can connect to Azure AI Search, load files directly to your agent, link to Microsoft Fabric, or connect to third-party sources like Tripadvisor. In our example, we are only testing the CoPilot integration steps of the AI Agent, so we did not build out additional options of providing grounding knowledge or function calling here. Test Your Agent: Once you have created your agent, test it in the playground. If you are happy with it, you are ready to call the agent in an Azure Function. Create and Publish an Azure Function: Use the sample function code from the GitHub repository to call the Azure AI Project and Agent. Publish your Azure Function to make it available for integration. azure-ai-foundry-agent/function_app.py at main · azure-data-ai-hub/azure-ai-foundry-agent Connect your AI Agent to your Function: update the "AIProjectConnString" value to include your Project connection string from the project overview page of in the AI Foundry. Role Based Access Controls: We have to add a role for the function app on OpenAI service. Role-based access control for Azure OpenAI - Azure AI services | Microsoft Learn Enable Managed Identity on the Function App Grant "Cognitive Services OpenAI Contributor" role to the System-assigned managed identity to the Function App in the Azure OpenAI resource Grant "Azure AI Developer" role to the System-assigned managed identity for your Function App in the Azure AI Project resource from the AI Foundry Build a Flow in Power Platform: Before you begin, make sure you are working in the same environment you will use to create your Copilot Studio agent. To get started, navigate to the Power Platform (https://make.powerapps.com) to build out a flow that connects your Copilot Studio solution to your Azure Function App. When creating a new flow, select 'Build an instant cloud flow' and trigger the flow using 'Run a flow from Copilot'. Add an HTTP action to call the Function using the URL and pass the message prompt from the end user with your URL. The output of your function is plain text, so you can pass the response from your Azure AI Agent directly to your Copilot Studio solution. Create Your Copilot Studio Agent: Navigate to Microsoft Copilot Studio and select 'Agents', then 'New Agent'. Make sure you are in the same environment you used to create your cloud flow. Now select ‘Create’ button at the top of the screen From the top menu, navigate to ‘Topics’ and ‘System’. We will open up the ‘Conversation boosting’ topic. When you first open the Conversation boosting topic, you will see a template of connected nodes. Delete all but the initial ‘Trigger’ node. Now we will rebuild the conversation boosting agent to call the Flow you built in the previous step. Select 'Add an Action' and then select the option for existing Power Automate flow. Pass the response from your Custom Agent to the end user and end the current topic. My existing Cloud Flow: Add action to connect to existing Cloud Flow: When this menu pops up, you should see the option to Run the flow you created. Here, mine does not have a very unique name, but you see my flow 'Run a flow from Copilot' as a Basic action menu item. If you do not see your cloud flow here add the flow to the default solution in the environment. Go to Solutions > select the All pill > Default Solution > then add the Cloud Flow you created to the solution. Then go back to Copilot Studio, refresh and the flow will be listed there. Now complete building out the conversation boosting topic: Make Agent Available in M365 Copilot: Navigate to the 'Channels' menu and select 'Teams + Microsoft 365'. Be sure to select the box to 'Make agent available in M365 Copilot'. Save and re-publish your Copilot Agent. It may take up to 24 hours for the Copilot Agent to appear in M365 Teams agents list. Once it has loaded, select the 'Get Agents' option from the side menu of Copilot and pin your Copilot Studio Agent to your featured agent list Now, you can chat with your custom Azure AI Agent, directly from M365 Copilot! Conclusion: By following these steps, you can successfully integrate custom Azure AI Agents with Copilot Studio and M365 Copilot, enhancing you’re the utility of your existing platform and improving operational efficiency. This integration allows you to automate tasks, streamline processes, and provide better user experience for your end-users. Give it a try! Curious of how to bring custom models from your AI Foundry to your Copilot Studio solutions? Check out this blogNew Azure Open AI models bring fast, expressive, and real‑time AI experiences in Microsoft Foundry
Modern AI applications, whether voice‑first experiences or building large software systems, rarely fit into a single prompt. Real work unfolds over time: maintaining context, following instructions, invoking tools, and adapting as requirements evolve. When these foundations break down through latency spikes, instruction drift, or unreliable tool calls, both user conversations and developer workflows are impacted. OpenAI’s latest models address this shared challenge by prioritizing continuity and reliability across real‑time interaction and long‑running engineering tasks. Starting today, GPT-Realtime-1.5, GPT-Audio-1.5, and GPT-5.3-Codex are rolling out into Microsoft Foundry. Together, these models reflect the growing needs of the modern developer and push the needle from short, stateless interactions toward AI systems that can reason, act, and collaborate over time. GPT-5.3-Codex at a glance GPT‑5.3‑Codex brings together advanced coding capability with broader reasoning and professional problem solving in a single model built for real engineering work. It unifies the frontier coding performance of GPT-5.2-Codex with the reasoning and professional knowledge capabilities of GPT5.2 in one system. This shifts the experience from optimizing isolated outputs to supporting longer running development efforts; where repositories are large, changes span multiple steps, and requirements aren’t always fully specified at the start. What’s improved Model experiences 25% faster execution time, according to Open AI, than its predecessors so developers can accelerate development of new applications. Built for long-running tasks that involve research, tool use, and complex, multi‑step execution while maintaining context. Midtask steerability and frequent updates allow developers to redirect and collaborate with the model as it works without losing context. Stronger computer-use capabilities allow developers to execute across the full spectrum of technical work. Common use cases Developers and teams can apply GPT‑5.3‑Codex across a wide range of scenarios, including: Refactoring and modernizing large or legacy applications Performing multi‑step migrations or upgrades Running agentic developer workflows that span analysis, implementation, testing, and remediation Automating code reviews, test generation, and defect detection Supporting development in security‑sensitive or regulated environments Pricing Model Input Price/1M Tokens Cached Input Price/1M Tokens Output Price/1M Tokens GPT-5.3-Codex $1.75 $0.175 $14.00 GPT-Realtime-1.5 and GPT-Audio-1.5 at a glance The models deliver measurable gains in reasoning and speech understanding for real‑time voice interactions on Microsoft Foundry. In OpenAI’s evaluations, it shows a +5% lift on Big Bench Audio (reasoning), a +10.23% improvement in alphanumeric transcription, and a +7% gain in instruction following, while maintaining low‑latency performance. Key improvements include: What's improved More natural‑sounding speech: Audio output is smoother and more conversational, with improved pacing and prosody. Higher audio quality: Clearer, more consistent audio output across supported voices. Improved instruction following: Better alignment with developer‑provided system and user instructions during live interactions. Function calling support: Enables structured, tool‑driven interactions within real‑time audio flows. Common use cases Developers are using GPT-Realtime-1.5 and GPT-Audio-1.5 for scenarios where low‑latency voice interaction is essential, including: Conversational voice agents for customer support or internal help desks Voice‑enabled assistants embedded in applications or devices Live voice interfaces for kiosks, demos, and interactive experiences Hands‑free workflows where audio input and output replace keyboard interaction Pricing Model Text Audio Image Input Cached Input Output Input Cached Input Output Input Cached Input Output GPT-Realtime-1.5 $4.00 $0.04 $16.0 $32.0 $0.40 $64.00 $4.00 $0.04 $16.0 GPT-Audio-1.5 $2.50 n/a $10.0 $32.00 n/a $64.00 $2.50 n/a $10.0 Getting started in Microsoft Foundry Start building in Microsoft Foundry, evaluate performance, and explore Azure Open AI models today. Foundry brings evaluation, deployment, and governance into a single workflow, helping teams progress from experiments to scalable applications while maintaining security and operational controls.Integrating Azure AI Foundry with Copilot Studio: A Strategic and Technical Overview
As organizations accelerate their AI adoption, the need for flexible, scalable, and secure platforms becomes paramount. My previous article, Navigating AI Solutions: Microsoft Copilot Studio vs. Azure AI Foundry | Microsoft Community Hub, represented two powerful yet distinct approaches to building AI agents. While Copilot Studio offers a low-code/no-code interface for rapid deployment, targeting any kind of business user, Azure AI Foundry provides a pro-code environment with deep customization and orchestration capabilities, targeting developer audiences. But what if you would not need to decide between one or the other, but benefit from integrating both platforms and unlock transformative business value across all teams? This is exactly the question I got asked increasingly while I was teaching our “Copilot, Copilot Studio and Azure AI Foundry” Instructor Led Training courses as a Microsoft Technical Trainer. This article starts with the business rationale for integration. From there, I will continue with detailing the influence of cost and ROI parameters as part of decision-making. Last, I will guide you through multiple technical integration capabilities available today, and how both platforms can complement each other. Business Rationale for Integration Copilot Studio is primarily designed for business users to build conversational agents quickly. It excels in rapid prototyping, using a graphical workflow-style interface, identical to Power Automate. Users don’t require much development skills to build such agents. Azure AI Foundry, on the other hand, is tailored for developers and data scientists who are typically in need of model orchestration, customized tool integration and enterprise-grade scalability and governance. Integrating both platforms allows organizations to bridge the gap between business agility and technical depth, enabling the ones closer to the business to prototype while developers can focus on custom features, refining and scale. For example, organizations can start with Copilot Studio for customer-facing bots or internal assistants, but then later, transition to Azure AI Foundry for more complex workflows, multi-agent orchestration or custom model integration. This layered approach supports progressive AI maturity, allowing teams to evolve from simple agents to fully sophisticated AI ecosystems. Cost and ROI Considerations Copilot Studio billing vs Azure AI Foundry consumption cost billing As users interact with Copilot Studio agents, or as the agents perform tasks on behalf of users, users consume Copilot Studio messages. Copilot Studio messages are the key component influencing the monthly cost of using Copilot Studio. Capabilities are available via the Copilot Studio pay-as-you-go meter (pay per message) and the Copilot Studio message pack subscription (25,000 messages monthly) license, or a combination of both. These license options are active on tenant-level. Any user with a Microsoft 365 Copilot license gets access to Copilot Studio, with no message-based charge. More details are available in the Microsoft Copilot Studio Licensing Guide. Azure AI Foundry is part of Azure’s consumption-based model, where you do not get charged for Azure AI Foundry itself, but you get charged a consumption cost for the different models your applications use. This charge can be listed as Microsoft (e.g. Azure OpenAI) or charged through the Azure marketplace (e.g. Cohere). Image: Azure AI Foundry model cost consumption overview from within Azure Cost Analysis Depending on the AI solution architecture your application workloads are based on, you should also take other Azure costs into account such as Azure Storage Accounts, Azure AI Search, Azure App Services, Azure Key Vault and alike. Since Azure AI Foundry charges are identical to any other Azure Resource charges, managing these is not different than your current Azure Cost Analysis approach. ROI and Budget alignment From the previous section, it should be clear that allocating the right budget can become complex, depending on the AI platforms used. By integrating both platforms, organizations can achieve cost optimization, by using Copilot Studio for lightweight tasks but scaling via Azure AI Foundry for compute-intensive operations. Given the lower complexity of building applications with Copilot Studio, they tend to result in early ROI, through Copilot Studio’s fast deployment. Azure AI Foundry’s robust and extensible infrastructure could lead to a longer-term value of ROI optimization. Technical Integration Capabilities HTTP Request Trigger One integration method involves using Copilot Studio’s HTTP Request feature to trigger Foundry Agents. This allows for Natural language prompts in Studio to initiate backend processes in Azure AI Foundry. This allows users to benefit from a seamless flow between conversational UI and enterprise logic, to consult business data, run data analytics or retrieve information across different enterprise application backends. Image: HTTP Request setup within Copilot Studio Topic MCP Protocol Azure AI Foundry now supports Model Context Protocol (MCP), an open standard enabling seamless interaction between large language models (LLMs) and external tools, systems or data sources. MCP provides a model-agnostic interface for tasks such as reading files, executing functions, and handling contextual prompts. Its primary goal is to simplify the integration of LLMs with third-party systems by addressing the complexity of building custom connectors for each tool or data source. MCP Tools can be integrated into your AI solutions using Azure AI Foundry Agent Service or through common development language SDKs or REST API. Check this Microsoft Learn module for more technical details on how to configure this or check out MCP-for beginners on YouTube https://aka.ms/MCP-for-beginners. Recently, the Model Context Protocol (MCP) Connector also became available as a new tool directly within Copilot Studio. Image: Model Context Protocol Connector Tool in Copilot Studio By integrating MCP Tools from within either Foundry Agent Service or through Copilot Studio, the organization can benefit from the standardized approach to allow connectivity to different enterprise systems, data endpoints or external applications. Simplifying the complexity and providing a smooth interaction irrespective of the AI platform used, provides major benefits to both business users and developer teams building these applications. Azure AI Foundry Models available to Copilot Studio (preview feature) Azure AI Foundry Models provides +11,000 models for you to choose from, offered by both Microsoft and an extensive range of model providers such as OpenAI, DeepSeek, Black Forest Labs, Meta and many more. On top of existing models offered, organizations can also create their own customized models by fine-tuning from within Azure AI Foundry. For example, imagine an organization building an IT support agent, which interacts with end-users using a chat interface and natural language. Users might be able to provide screenshots of errors, as well as describe technical issues in their own words. Traditional LLMs could struggle with recognizing specific screenshot details or business-specific terminology used by custom in-house developed applications, as they are not trained in this kind of information. That’s where fine-tuned models could be a solution. At the time of writing this article, a new preview feature became available to Copilot Studio customers, allowing them to use any Azure AI Foundry model, both catalog and fine-tuned ones, as the primary model for their Copilot Studio Agents. (FYI, follow this link for all details on the Copilot Studio Roadmap and features list) Image: Copilot Studio New Feature setting to enable AI Foundry model integration Conclusion Integrating Copilot Studio and Azure AI Foundry is not just a technical exercise, but rather a strategic move which aligns business goals, cost efficiency, and adoption readiness. By leveraging the strengths of both platforms, organizations can build AI solutions that are agile, scalable, and secure. Your business can focus on developing (or ‘making’ if not code-based) AI Agents, without facing bottlenecks or unneeded complexity or isolation of workloads. Instead of asking the question of which platform to use for building AI applications, organizations should invest in and benefit from a tight integration between both platforms, quickly enabling teams from both the business side as well as developers, to create AI-influenced applications that provide immediate business value, without compromise. #MicrosoftLearn #SkilledByMTTDeployment Guide-Copilot Studio agent with MCP Server exposed by API Management using OAuth 2.0
Introduction In today’s enterprise landscape, enabling AI agents to interact with backend systems securely and at scale is critical. By exposing MCP servers through Azure API Management (APIM), organizations can provide controlled access to these services. When combined with OAuth 2.0 authorization code flow, this setup ensures robust, enterprise-grade security for AI agents built in Copilot Studio—empowering intelligent automation while maintaining strict access governance. Disclaimer & Caveats This article explores how to configure a MCP tool—exposed as a MCP server via APIM—for secure consumption by AI agents built in Copilot Studio. Leveraging the OAuth 2.0 Authorization Code Flow, this setup ensures enterprise-grade security by enabling delegated access without exposing user credentials. With Azure API Management now supporting MCP server capabilities in public preview, developers can expose REST APIs as MCP tools using a standardized JSON-RPC interface. This allows AI agents to invoke backend services securely and scalable, without the need to rebuild existing APIs. Copilot Studio, also in preview for MCP integration, empowers organizations to orchestrate intelligent agents that interact with these tools in real time. While this guide provides a foundational approach, every environment is unique. You can enhance security further by implementing app roles, conditional access policies, and extending your integration logic with custom Python code for advanced scenarios. ⚠️ Note: Both MCP server support in APIM and MCP tool integration in Copilot Studio are currently in public preview. As these platforms evolve rapidly, expect changes and improvements over time. Always refer to the https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/api-management/export-rest-mcp-server for the latest updates. This article is about consuming remote MCP servers. In Azure, managed identity can also be leveraged for APIM integration. What is Authorization Code Flow? The Authorization Code Flow is designed for applications that can securely store a client secret (like server-side apps). It allows the app to obtain an access token on behalf of the user without exposing their credentials. This flow uses an intermediate authorization code to exchange for tokens, adding an extra layer of security. Steps in the Flow User Authentication The user is redirected to the Authorization Server (In this case: Azure AD) to log in and grant consent. Authorization Code Issued After successful login, the Authorization Server sends an authorization code to the app via the redirect URI. Token Exchange The app sends the authorization code (plus client credentials) to the Token Endpoint to get: Access Token (for API calls) and Refresh Token (to renew access without user interaction) API Access The app uses the Access Token to call protected resources. Below diagram shows the Authorization code flow in detail. Press enter or click to view image in full size Microsoft identity platform and OAuth 2.0 authorization code flow — Microsoft identity platform | Microsoft Learn High Level Architecture Press enter or click to view image in full size This architecture can also be implemented with APIM backend app registration only. However, stay cautious in configuring redirect URIs appropriately. Remote MCP Servers using APIM Architecture APIM exposing Remote MCP servers, enabling AI agents—such as those built in Copilot Studio—to securely access backend services using standardized JSON-RPC interfaces. This integration offers a robust, scalable, and secure way to connect AI tools with enterprise APIs. Key Capabilities: Secure Gateway: APIM acts as an intelligent gateway, handling OAuth 2.0 Authorization Code Flow, authentication, and request routing. Monitoring & Observability: Integration with Azure Log Analytics and Application Insights enables deep visibility into API usage, performance, and errors. Policy Enforcement: APIM’s policy engine allows for custom rules, including token validation, header manipulation, and response transformation. Rate Limiting & Throttling: Built-in support for rate limits, quotas, and IP filtering helps protect backend services from abuse and ensures fair usage. Managed Identity & Entra ID: Secure service-to-service communication is enabled via system-assigned and user-assigned managed identities, with Entra ID handling identity and access management. Flexible Deployment: MCP servers can be hosted in Azure Functions, App Services, or Container Apps, and exposed via APIM with minimal changes to existing APIs. To learn more, visit https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/samples/azure-samples/remote-mcp-apim-functions-python/remote-mcp-apim-functions-python/ Develop MCP server in VS Code This deployment guide provides sample MCP code written in python for ease of use. It is available on the following GitHub repo. However, you can also use your own MCP server. Clone the following repository and open in VS Code. git clone https://github.com/mafzal786/mcp-server.git Run the following to execute it locally. cd mcp-server uv venv uv sync uv run mcpserver.py Deploy MCP Server as Azure Container App In this deployment guide, MCP server is deployed in Azure Container App. It can also be deployed as Azure App service. Deploy the MCP server in Azure container App by running the following command. It can be deployed by many other various ways such as via VS Code or CI/CD pipeline. AZ Cli is used for simplicity. az containerapp up \ --resource-group <RESOURCE_GROUP_NAME> \ --name streamable-mcp-server2 \ --environment mcp \ --location <REGION> \ --source . Configure Authentication for Azure Container App 1. Sign in Azure portal. Visit the container App in Azure and Click “Authentication” as shown below. Press enter or click to view image in full size For more details, visit the following link: Enable authentication and authorization in Azure Container Apps with Microsoft Entra ID | Microsoft Learn Click Add Identity Provider as shown. 2. Select Microsoft from the drop down and leave everything as is as shown below. 3. This will create a new app registration for the container App. After it is all setup, it will look like as below. As soon as authentication is configured. it will make container app inaccessible except for OAuth. Note: If you have app registration for Azure Container App already configured, use that by selecting "pick an existing app registration in this directory" option. Review App Registration of Container App — Backend Visit App registration and click streamable-mcp-server2 as in this case. Click on Authentication tab. Verify the Redirect URIs. you should see a redirect URL for container app. URI will end with /.auth/login/aad/callback as shown in the green box in the below screenshot. Now click on “Expose an API”. Confirm Application ID URI is configured with scope as shown below. its format is api://<client id> Scope "user_impersonation" is created. Verify API Permission. Make sure you Grant admin consent for your tenant as shown below. More scope can be created depending on the requirement of data access. Note: Make sure to "Grant admin consent" before proceeding to next step. Create App registration for representing APIM API Lauch Azure Portal. Visit App registration. Click New registration. Create a new App registration as shown below. For example, "apim-mcp-backend-api" in this case. Click "Expose an API", configure Application ID URI, and add a scope as shown in the below diagram such as user_impersonation. Click "App roles" and create the following role as shown below. More roles can be created depending on the requirements and case by case basis. Here app roles are created to get the concept around it and how it will be used in APIM inbound policies in the coming sections. Create App Registration for Client App — Copilot Studio In these steps, we will be configuring app registration for the client app, such as copilot studio in this case acting as a client app. This is also mentioned in the “high level architecture” diagram in the earlier section of this article. Lauch Azure Portal. Visit App registration. Click New registration. Create a new App registration. leave the Redirect URL as of now, we will configure it later as it is provided by copilot studio when configuring custom MCP connector. 3. Click on API permission and click “Add a permission”. Click Microsoft Graph and then click “Delegated permissions”. Select email, openid, profile as shown below. 4. Make sure to Grant admin consent and it should look like as below. 5. Create a secret. click “Certificates & secrets”. Create a new client secret by clicking “New client secret”. store the value as it will be masked after some time. if that happens, you can always delete and re-create a new secret. 6. Capture the following as you would need it in configuring MCP tool in Copilot Studio. Client ID from the Overview Tab of app registration. Client secret from “Certificates & secrets” tab. 7. Configure API permissions for APIM API i.e. "apim-mcp-backend-api" in this case. Click “API permissions” tab. Click “Add a permission”. Click on “My APIs” tab as shown below and select "apim-mcp-backend-api". Note: If you don't see the app registration in "My APIs". Go to App registration. Click "Owners". Add your AD account as Owners. 8. Select "Delegated permissions". Then select the permission as shown below. 9. Select the Application permission. Select the App roles created in the apim-mcp-backend-api registration. Such as mcp.read in this case. You MUST “Grant admin consent” as final step. It is very important!!! I can’t emphasize more on that. without it, nothing will work!!! 10. End result of this client app registration should look like as mentioned in the below figure. Configure permissions for Container App registration Lauch Azure Portal. Visit app registration. Select app registration of Azure container app such as streamable-mcp-server2 in this case. Select API permissions. Add the following delegated and application permissions as shown in the below diagram. Note: Don't forget to Grant admin consent. Configure allowed token audience for Container App It defines which audience values (aud claim) in a token are considered valid for your app. When a client app requests an access token from Microsoft Entra ID (Azure AD), the token includes an aud claim that identifies the intended recipient. Your container app will only accept tokens where the aud claim matches one of the values in the Allowed Token Audiences list. This is important as it ensures that only tokens issued for your API or app are accepted and prevents misuse of tokens intended for other resources. This adds extra layer of security. In the Azure Portal, visit Azure Container App. i.e. streamable-mcp-server2. Click on "Authentication" Click "Edit" under identity provider Under "Allowed token audiences", add the application ID URI of "apim-mcp-backend-api". As this will be included as an audience in the access token. Best Practices Only include trusted client app IDs. Avoid using overly broad values like “allow all” (not recommended). Validate tokens using Microsoft libraries (MSAL) or built-in auth features. Configure MCP server in API Management Note: Provisioning an API Management resource is outside the scope of this document. If you do not already have an API Management instance, follow this QuickStart: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/api-management/get-started-create-service-instance The following service tiers are available for preview: Classic Basic, Standard, Premium, and Basic v2, Standard v2, Premium v2. For the Classic Basic, Standard, or Premium tiers, you must join the AI Gateway Early Update group to enable MCP server features. Please allow up to 2 hours for the update to take effect. Expose an existing MCP server Follow these steps to expose an existing MCP server is API Management: In the Azure portal, navigate to your API Management instance. In the left-hand menu, under APIs, select MCP servers > + Create MCP server. Select Expose an existing MCP server. In Backend MCP server: Enter the existing MCP server base URL. Example: https://streamable-mcp-serverv2.kdhg489457dslkjgn,.eastus2.azurecontainerapps.io/mcpfor the Microsoft Azure Container App hosting MCP server. In Transport type, Streamable HTTP is selected by default. In New MCP server: Enter a Name the MCP server in API Management. In Base path, enter a route prefix for tools. Example: mcptools Optionally, enter a Description for the MCP server. Select Create. Below diagram shows the MCP servers configured in APIM for reference. Configure policies for MCP server Configure one or more API Management policies to help manage the MCP server. The policies are applied to all API operations exposed as tools in the MCP server and can be used to control access, authentication, and other aspects of the tools. To configure policies for the MCP server: In the Azure portal, navigate to your API Management instance. In the left-hand menu, under APIs, select MCP Servers. Select an MCP server from the list. In the left menu, under MCP, select Policies. In the policy editor, add or edit the policies you want to apply to the MCP server's tools. The policies are defined in XML format. <!-- - Policies are applied in the order they appear. - Position <base/> inside a section to inherit policies from the outer scope. - Comments within policies are not preserved. --> <!-- Add policies as children to the <inbound>, <outbound>, <backend>, and <on-error> elements --> <policies> <!-- Throttle, authorize, validate, cache, or transform the requests --> <inbound> <base /> <set-variable name="accessToken" value="@(context.Request.Headers.GetValueOrDefault("Authorization", "").Replace("Bearer ", ""))" /> <!-- Log the captured access token to the trace logs --> <trace source="Access Token Debug" severity="information"> <message>@("Access Token: " + (string)context.Variables["accessToken"])</message> </trace> <set-variable name="userId" value="@(context.Request.Headers.GetValueOrDefault("Authorization", "Bearer ").Split(' ')[1].AsJwt().Claims["oid"].FirstOrDefault())" /> <set-variable name="userName" value="@(context.Request.Headers.GetValueOrDefault("Authorization", "Bearer ").Split(' ')[1].AsJwt().Claims["name"].FirstOrDefault())" /> <trace source="User Name Debug" severity="information"> <message>@("username: " + (string)context.Variables["userName"])</message> </trace> <set-variable name="scp" value="@(context.Request.Headers.GetValueOrDefault("Authorization", "Bearer ").Split(' ')[1].AsJwt().Claims["scp"].FirstOrDefault())" /> <trace source="Scope Debug" severity="information"> <message>@("scope: " + (string)context.Variables["scp"])</message> </trace> <set-variable name="roles" value="@(context.Request.Headers.GetValueOrDefault("Authorization", "Bearer ").Split(' ')[1].AsJwt().Claims["roles"].FirstOrDefault())" /> <trace source="Role Debug" severity="information"> <message>@("Roles: " + (string)context.Variables["roles"])</message> </trace> <!-- <set-variable name="requestBody" value="@{ return context.Request.Body.As<string>(preserveContent:true); }" /> <trace source="Request Body information" severity="information"> <message>@("Request body: " + (string)context.Variables["requestBody"])</message> </trace> --> <validate-azure-ad-token tenant-id="{{tenant-id}}" header-name="Authorization" failed-validation-httpcode="401" failed-validation-error-message="Unauthorized. Access token is missing or invalid."> <client-application-ids> <application-id>{{client-application-id}}</application-id> </client-application-ids> <audiences> <audience>{{audience}}</audience> </audiences> <required-claims> <claim name="roles" match="any"> <value>mcp.read</value> </claim> </required-claims> </validate-azure-ad-token> </inbound> <!-- Control if and how the requests are forwarded to services --> <backend> <base /> </backend> <!-- Customize the responses --> <outbound> <base /> </outbound> <!-- Handle exceptions and customize error responses --> <on-error> <base /> <trace source="Role Debug" severity="error"> <message>@("username: " + (string)context.Variables["userName"] + " has error in accessing the MCP server, could be auth or role related...")</message> </trace> <return-response> <set-status code="403" reason="Forbidden" /> <set-body> {"error":"Missing required scope or role"} </set-body> </return-response> </on-error> </policies> Note: Update the above inbound policy with the tenant Id, client application id, and audience as per your environment. It is recommended to use APIM "Named values" instead of hard coding inside the policy. To learn more, visit Use named values in Azure API Management policies Configure Diagnostics for APIM In this solution, APIM diagnostics are configured to forward log data to Log Analytics. Testing and validation will be carried out using insights from Log Analytics. Note: Setting up diagnostics is outside the scope of this article. However, you can visit the following link for more information. https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/api-management/api-management-howto-use-azure-monitor Below diagram shows what Logs are being sent to Log Analytics workspace. MCP Tool configuration in Copilot Studio Lauch copilot studio at https://copilotstudio.microsoft.com/. Configuration of environment and agent is beyond the scope of this article. It is assumed, you already have environment setup and agent has been created. Following link will help you, how to create an agent in copilot studio. Quickstart: Create and deploy an agent — Microsoft Copilot Studio | Microsoft Learn Inside agent configuration, click "Add tool". 3. Click on New tool. 4. Select Model Context Protocol. 5. Provide all relevant information for MCP server. Make sure your server URL ends with your mcp setup. In this case, it is APIM MCP server URL, with base path configured in APIM in the end. Provide server name and server description. Select OAuth 2.0 radio button. 6. Provide the following in the OAuth 2.0 section Client ID of client app registration. In this case, copilot-studio-client as configured earlier. Client secret of copilot-studio-client app registration. Authorization URL: https://login.microsoftonline.com/common/oauth2/v2.0/authorize Token URL template & Refresh URL: https://login.microsoftonline.com/oauth2/v2.0/token Scopes: openid, profile, email — which we selected earlier for Microsoft Azure Graph permissions. Click “Create”. This will provide you Redirect URL. you need to configure the redirect URL in client app registration. In this case, it is copilot-agent-client. Configure Redirect URI in Client App Registration Visit client app registration. i.e. copilot-studio-client. Click Authentication Tab and provide the Web Redirect URIs as shown below. Note: Configure Redirect URIs MUST be configured in app registration. Otherwise, authorization will not complete and sign on will fail. Configure redirect URI in APIM API app registration Also configure apim-mcp-backend-api app registration with the same redirect URI as shown below. Modify MCP connector in PowerApps Now visit the https://make.powerapps.com and open the newly created connector as shown below. Select the security tab and modify the Resource URL with application ID URI of apim-mcp-backend-api configured earlier in app registration for expose an API. Add .default in the scope. Provide the secret of client app registration as it will not let you update the connector. This is extra security measure for updating the connector in Powerapps. Click Update connector. CORS Configuration CORS configuration is a MUST!!! Since our Azure Container App is a remote MCP server with totally different domain or origin. Power Apps and CORS for External Domains — Brief Overview When embedding or integrating Power Apps with external web applications or APIs, Cross-Origin Resource Sharing (CORS) becomes a critical consideration. CORS is a browser security feature that restricts web pages from making requests to a different domain than the one that served the page, unless explicitly allowed. Key Points: Power Apps hosted on *.powerapps.com or within Microsoft 365 domains will block calls to external APIs unless those APIs include the proper CORS headers. The external API must return: Access-Control-Allow-Origin: https://apps.powerapps.com (or * for all origins, though not recommended for production) Access-Control-Allow-Methods: GET, POST, OPTIONS (or as needed) Access-Control-Allow-Headers: Content-Type, Authorization (and any custom headers) If the API requires authentication (e.g., OAuth 2.0), ensure preflight OPTIONS requests are handled correctly. For scenarios where you cannot modify the external API, consider using: Power Automate flows as a proxy Azure API Management or Azure Functions to inject CORS headers Always validate security implications before enabling wide-open CORS. If the CORS are not setup. You will encounter following error in copilot studio after pressing F12 (Browser Developer) CORS policy — blocking the container app Azure container app provides very efficient way of configuring CORS in the Azure portal. Lauch Azure Portal. Visit Azure container app i.e. streamable-mcp-server2 in this case. Click on CORS under Networking section. Configure the following in Allowed Origin Section as shown below. localhost is added to make it work from local laptop, although it is not required for Copilot Studio. 4. Click on “Allowed Method” tab and provide the following. 5. Provide wild card “*” in “Allowed Headers”tab. Although, it is not recommended for production system. it is done for the sake for simplicity. Configure that for added security 6. Click “Apply”. This will configure CORS for remote application. Test the MCP custom connector We are in the final stages of configuring the connector. It is time to test it, if everything is configured correctly and works. Launch the http://make.powerapps.com and click on “Custom connectors”, select your configured connector and click “5. Test” tab as shown below. You will see Selected Connection as blank if you are running it first time. Click “+ New connection” 2. New connection will launch the Authorization flow and browser dialog will pop up for making a request for authorization code. 3. Click “Create”. 4. Complete the login process. This will create a successful connection. 5. Click “Test operation”. If the response is 406 means everything is configured correctly as shown below. Solution validation Add user in Enterprise Application for App roles Roles have been defined under the required claims in the APIM inbound policy and also configured in the apim-mcp-backend-api app registration. As a result, any request from Copilot Studio will be denied if this role is not properly assigned. This role is included in the JWT access token, which we will validate in the following sections. To assign role, perform the following steps. Visit Azure Portal. Visit Enterprise Application. Select APIM backend app registration. In this case for example, apim-mcp-backend-api Click "Users and groups" Select "Add user/group" 5. Select User or Group who should have access to the role. 6. Click "Assign". It will look like as below. Note: Role assignment for users or groups is an important step. If it is not configured, MCP server tests will fail in Copilot studio. Test MCP server in Copilot Studio Lauch copilot studio and click on the Agent you created in earlier steps and click on “Tools tab”. Select your MCP tool as shown the following figure. Make sure it is “Enabled” if you have other tools attached to the same agent, disable them for now for testing. Make sure you have connection available which we created during the testing of custom connector in earlier step. You can also initiate a fresh connection by clicking on the drop down under “Connection” as shown below. Refreshing the tools will show all the tools available in this MCP server. Provide the sample prompt such as “Give me the stock price of tesla”. This will trigger the MCP server and call the respective method to bring the stock price of Tesla. Now try a weather-related question to see more. Now invoking weather forecast tool in the MCP server. APIM Monitoring with Log Analytics We previously configured APIM diagnostic settings to forward log data to Log Analytics. In this section, we’ll review that data, as the inbound policy in APIM sends valuable information to Log Analytics. Run the Kusto query to retrieve data from the last 30 minutes. As shown, the logs capture the APIM API endpoint URL and the backend URL, which corresponds to the Azure Container App endpoint. Scrolling further, we find the TraceRecords section. This contains the information captured by APIM inbound policies and sent to Log Analytics. The figure below illustrates the TraceRecords data. In the inbound policy, we configured it to extract details from the access token—such as the token itself, username, scope, and roles—and forward them to Log Analytics. Now let's capture the access token in the clip board, launch the http://jwt.io which is JSON Web Token (JWT) debugger, and paste the access token in the ENCODED VALUE box as show below. Note the following information. aud: This shows the Application URI ID of apim-mcp-backend-api. which shows access token is requested for that audience. appid: This shows the client Id for copilot-studio-client app registration. You can also see roles and scope. These roles are specified in APIM inbound policy. Note: As you can see, roles are included in access token and if it is not assigned in the enterprise application for "apim-mcp-backend-api", all requests will be denied by APIM inbound policy configured earlier. Perform a test using another Azure AD account that does not have the app role assigned Now, let's try the copilot studio agent by logging in with another account which is not assigned for the "mcp.read" role. Let's, review the below diagram. Logged in as demo and tried to access the MCP tool in copilot studio agent. Request failed with the error "Missing required scope or roles". If you look at it, this is coming from the APIM policy configured earlier in <on-error> Let's review log analytics. As you can see request failed due to inbound APIM policy with 403 error and there is no backend URL. Error is also reported under TraceRecords as we configured it in APIM policy. Now copy the Access token from log analytics and paste it into jwt.io. You can notice in the below diagram, there is no "roles" in the access token, resulting access denied from APIM inbound policy definition to the APIM backend i.e. azure container app. Assign the app role to the demo account Let's assign the "mcp.read" role to the demo account and test if it accesses the tool. Visit Azure Portal, Lauch Enterprise application, and select "apim-mcp-backend-api" as in this example. Click "Users and groups" Click "+ Add user/group" Select demo Click "Select" Click "Assign" End result would look like as shown below. Now, login again as demo. Make sure a new access token is generated. Access token refresh happens after one hours. As you can see in the image below, this time the request is successful after assigning the "mcp.read" app roles. Now let's review the log analytics entries. Let's review the access token in JWT.io. As you can see, roles are included in the access token. Conclusion Exposing the MCP server through Azure API Management (APIM) and integrating it with Copilot Studio agents provides a secure and scalable way to extend enterprise capabilities. By implementing OAuth 2.0, you ensure robust authentication and authorization, protecting sensitive data and maintaining compliance with industry standards. Beyond security, APIM adds significant operational value. With APIM policies, you can monitor traffic, enforce rate limits, and apply fine-grained controls to manage access and performance effectively. This combination of security and governance empowers organizations to innovate confidently while maintaining control and visibility over API usage. In today’s enterprise landscape, leveraging APIM with OAuth 2.0 for MCP integration is not just best practice—it’s a strategic move toward building resilient, secure, and well-governed solutions.
