No. At least at the current version, it's not possible to modify the actual query.
One out-of-the-box alternative is to use Highlighted Content Web Part, where you can define the exact search query. Of course, layout options are different.
If you want to fully customize the search query and the result layout, the PnP Search result web part is the way to go.
https://microsoft-search.github.io/pnp-modern-search/
