Why is the file name damaged on Windows 11?

Garbled names across several folders or drives, together with files that cannot be opened or renamed, indicate more than a display-language problem. Stop writing to the affected drives first; repeated renames or repairs can reduce recovery options. Copy any still-readable critical files to a separate known-good drive, but do not overwrite your only backup. Run a full Microsoft Defender scan, followed by Microsoft Defender Offline scan, because widespread unexpected renaming can also require a malware check. Then open an elevated Command Prompt and run chkdsk X: /scan for each affected NTFS volume, substituting its drive letter. That checks file-system metadata without applying the repairs performed by /f or /r. Record the results and check whether one drive or all drives fail. If CHKDSK reports corruption, the drive disconnects, or important files remain unreadable, stop there and use a backup or professional recovery service before attempting repairs.