Why does Windows say my laptop is plugged in but not charging?

The “plugged in, not charging” message can mean an intentional charge limit or insufficient adapter power. Check the manufacturer’s battery utility for Smart charging or an 80-percent preservation limit. Use the original charger, rated cable, and designated charging port; USB-C connectors can look compatible while providing insufficient power. Disconnect docks and accessories, shut the laptop down, and see whether the charge rises during thirty minutes. Install Windows updates plus the manufacturer’s BIOS, chipset, and power-management updates. Run powercfg /batteryreport from an elevated Command Prompt and compare Design Capacity with Full Charge Capacity. A large difference suggests battery wear; normal capacity with no charging points toward the adapter, cable, port, or firmware. Do not keep reconnecting a hot or damaged charger. If the battery is swollen, the connector is loose, or the laptop cannot charge while powered off, stop using it and contact the manufacturer for hardware service.