Why does File Explorer show blank icons for .exe files on Windows 11?

Since the affected programs still launch, the problem is likely limited to how File Explorer displays their icons rather than proof that the executables are damaged. Check whether the same executable shows its normal icon from a different folder and whether only shortcuts, only executable files, or both are affected. Restart File Explorer, install pending Windows updates, and check whether any cleanup, shell-customization, antivirus, or synchronization tool runs before the regression returns. For one affected application, open Properties and confirm that its target still points to the expected executable; avoid replacement icon files or changing file associations. If the issue follows one user account, test a new local account to separate profile data from a system-wide problem. If it affects every account, record the Windows version, affected paths, and Event Viewer errors before repair work. Reinstalling applications is unnecessary unless executable resources are genuinely missing.