Something went wrong trying to create a new list based on an existing list

To anyone that has this problem, I was getting the exact same error on my end, and I was able to fix it. 

My issue was that I had a column in my original list called "id". What I did not realize is that SharePoint automatically creates every list with a HIDDEN column named "ID", so on the back-end, my "id" column was actually being renamed by SharePoint to "id0". This seems to work fine when creating the list from scratch, but when you try to create a new list from a list that has an "id" column, you will get the error above. The name you give to the column is NOT the same name that SharePoint uses to refer to that column.

I tested by deleting the "id" column from my original list, without deleting any other columns, and I was then able to create a new list from that original list without the same error. I added a similar column named "RecordId" instead, and tested again, and I was able to create the new list with this column name as well. I even renamed "RecordId" back to "Id", and I was still able to create the new list without error. 

If you're getting the error "something went wrong" when trying to create a new list from an existing list, review the column names and make sure you don't have any columns with names that match reserved column names in SharePoint. If you do, don't bother renaming them, just add a new column with a different name and copy the data to that column, then delete the old column and try again.