MFA on specific Microsoft Teams meetings for external

MohFarah You can kinda achieve this, but perhaps through combining multiple controls in Teams. The point is that MFAs purpose is to validate a user account, and by default Teams allows anonymous users to enter a meeting without an account.

The first step would be to consider limiting who can join meetings, the Teams Meeting Policy setting for Anonymous Users Can Join a Meeting will prevent that user inviting anyone that isn't more known to the tenant, either as a member of the tenant or an invited guest. These policies are applied to users, so perhaps you assign them to a group of users that work with sensitive information.

Next you need to invite your external doctors as guests, which creates an identity for them in your tenant, and you can use Conditional Access to require them to enrol and use MFA to authenticate.

So in combination you can have meetings with only internal staff and external guests which have used MFA.