Using the same formula to apply to multiple cells without affecting previous cells!

In your screenshot, the denomination count only reflects the last manual entry. You don't see a history, so you don't know who goofed up when the balances are off. That is the inherent danger in overwriting existing data that contributes to a current balance. 

In any case, if you want the denomination count in such a "data entry form" then you will need VBA and a trigger to move the value to the next empty table row. You could, in the same step, also keep a record of the denomination count, in the same table and hide the columns if they upset your design, but at least you'd have a history of the count.

To copy just the balance, use something like the code below. Insert a button and assign it to the macro. Each time the button is clicked, the current balance will be pushed to the next empty cell in the balance column. Adjust the references to sheets, rows and columns to suit your spreadsheet.

Sub copyDenominationBalance()
Dim ws As Worksheet
Dim lrow As Long
Dim balCol As Long

' This is the name of the worksheet
Set ws = ThisWorkbook.Worksheets("Sheet1")

countBalance = ws.Range("P20") ' this is the cell with the denomination count total
balCol = 12 ' this is the column number where the table balance is. A=1, B=2, etc. L=12

'find the last row with data and add one
lrow = ws.Cells(Rows.Count, balCol).End(xlUp).Row + 1
'copy the calculated balance to the table
ws.Cells(lrow, balCol) = countBalance

End Sub