Newbie Question in Excel Formula's

You've had a number of views but no replies. That's unusual. I want to suggest, kindly, that what you've written is not clear. I'm sure it's clear to you, but it's somewhere on a scale from hard to impossible to figure out the connection between this sentence -- "I am creating a Excel sheet to calculate my company holidays over the annual period, and want it to calculate how many staff are off in any one day."-- and what follows.

That's for starters. 

Then there's the fact that you've defined what each of the two letter codes mean, but what are we to do with them in connection with this sentence -- "I want it to calculate FD, HD, UL so I know how many people are away from the business on a particular day." -- and how does that relate to the very colorful chart using those codes?

Again, I think this is clear in your mind, but you're making a lot of assumptions that are behind the scenes, which makes it hard to impossible to offer help without totally taking a stab in the dark. Perhaps you could give a few examples, calculated manually -- and as our teachers used to say "Show your work" -- that illustrate what sorts of results you'd expect to see. We can work on the Excel way to get there, but right now we don't know where "there" is.