Formulas

HansVogelaar 

Thanks for your first solution.  It at least allowed me to reverse engineer the problem!  Just to continue the 'softening up' process of exposing new methods to an audience that is not necessarily convinced of the need for change, here is a 365 insider beta version:

= LET(
    subStr,  TEXTSPLIT(@string," "),
    percent, XLOOKUP("*%",subStr,subStr,"",2),
    100*percent
  )

working row by row, or as a dynamic range problem:

= MAP(string,
    LAMBDA(str,
      LET(
        subStr,  TEXTSPLIT(str," "),
        percent, XLOOKUP("*%",subStr, subStr,"",2),
        100*percent
      )
    )
  )

The key is that the formula exploits the coming TEXTSPLIT function to create an array of sub-strings.  XLOOKUP then returns the substring ending in "%" by using a wildcard search.  Multiplying the percentage by 100 coerces the conversion to a number (typically in in the range 0 to 1) and then factors up by 100.