A complex lookup/index/match problem that I've encountered at work; how to pull data from both axes

Hello all,

Any help is greatly appreciated as I have to present on this tomorrow. Not sure if I described this well enough in the title, but I need to pull a specific value from a reference table while also grouping the values into particular bins on the reference table. The idea is that the function automatically group the value into the matching value on the X or Y axis and then locate which one corresponds to both values on the axes. I've done something like this before a long time ago with a nested lookup, index, and match function, but I have no idea how anymore. Here are some photos.

https://imgur.com/a/QeN5Cnx

Sample file:

https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1AEocIS78Vclhsk13teXxmaSdbUE5H8FK?usp=sharing

Thank you!