Empower Your Cloud Identity: How to Convert User SOA from AD to Entra ID
For years, hybrid identity has been the standard. We synchronize users from on-premises Active Directory (AD) to Microsoft Entra ID (formerly Azure AD), giving our people one set of credentials for both cloud and local resources. But this setup comes with a hidden limitation: Active Directory remains the Source of Authority (SOA). This traditional model limits your ability to leverage modern security, governance, and management tools available in the cloud. The good news? Microsoft has introduced the capability to shift the SOA for your users entirely to Entra ID. Here’s a deep dive into why this shift is essential, how simple the change is, and the critical implications you need to plan for. The Hybrid Dilemma: Why AD SOA is Limiting: In a typical hybrid setup, every synced user object in Entra ID has properties that are permanently locked down or "grayed out." This is because the object has an underlying attribute, isCloudManaged, set to false. This status means: Limited Lifecycle Management: You can’t fully leverage cloud-based identity governance or lifecycle features. HR Provisioning Complexity: If your Human Resources (HR) system is the true source of truth for new employees, updates must flow: HR → AD → Entra ID. This creates latency and points of failure. Increased Attack Surface: If you are primarily cloud-focused, maintaining an AD object for synchronization creates an unnecessary on-premises attack surface that you must continually protect. No Cloud Editing: You are forced to make all major attribute changes in AD, even if the user only interacts with cloud services. By making Entra ID the Source of Authority, you break this dependency and unlock a truly cloud-first identity posture. The Core Mechanism: A Single Attribute Flip: The actual technical process of changing the SOA is surprisingly simple, it boils down to flipping a single attribute. The change is made using the Microsoft Graph API (or PowerShell) with a PATCH command against the user's onPremisesSyncBehavior endpoint. Action Method Endpoint Body Change SOA PATCH /beta/users/{user-id}/onPremisesSyncBehavior { "isCloudManaged": true } Once this change is made, two immediate things happen: Synchronization Stops: Entra Connect or Cloud Sync immediately recognize the change and stop synchronizing any updates from the on-premises AD object to the Entra ID object. Properties Unlocked: The user's properties in the Entra ID portal are instantly un-grayed, allowing cloud administrators to manage the user's identity directly. Critical Warning: No Write-Back Before you perform this change, you must understand the most critical implication: There is no user write-back capability from Entra ID to AD today. Once you shift the SOA, the connection is unidirectional and then effectively severed. Changes made to the cloud object will not be reflected in the on-premises AD object. Post-Migration Scenarios: Planning the Cutover: After flipping the SOA, you must plan what happens to the on-premises AD object. There are two main scenarios: Scenario 1: Full Cloud Cutover (The Ideal) If your user no longer requires any legacy Kerberos or AD-dependent services: Action in AD: Disable the user account in Active Directory immediately. After a period of validation, the account can be safely deleted. Benefit: This achieves the goal of minimizing your AD footprint, reducing attack surface, and simplifying your HR flow to HR → Entra ID. Scenario 2: Maintaining On-Premises Kerberos Access Many organizations still rely on Kerberos for resources like file shares, legacy applications, or Remote Desktop (RDP) access. Fortunately, you can still access these resources with an Entra ID-managed user, but it requires a few key technical components: Keep the AD Object: You must keep the on-premises AD user account (though it should no longer be managed by AD tools). Passwordless Authentication: The user must utilize a modern passwordless method (like Windows Hello for Business or FIDO2 keys). Cloud Kerberos Trust: Your environment must be configured with a Cloud Kerberos Trust. How it works: The cloud-managed user authenticates with Entra ID using passwordless methods. Entra ID, acting as a pseudo Read-Only Domain Controller, issues a partial Kerberos Ticket Granting Ticket (TGT). This partial TGT is used with your domain controllers to acquire a full Kerberos service ticket, which then grants access to the on-premises resource (e.g., the file share). Final Planning Checklist: While the Graph API command is easy, the preparation is everything. Plan your deployment carefully: Step Action Why 1. Migrate Groups First Shift the SOA for all security groups the user belongs to before shifting the user's SOA. Groups are often a logical first step for moving access controls. 2. Retire Exchange Hybrid Ensure all user mailboxes have been moved to Exchange Online. Entra ID SOA users are incompatible with the on-premises Exchange Hybrid configuration. 3. Plan for HR Flow Update your HR provisioning to target Entra ID directly, bypassing AD, for the affected users. This ensures the user's identity lifecycle is entirely cloud-managed going forward. 4. Automate Write a robust PowerShell script to manage the process, allowing for staged rollouts based on Organizational Units (OUs) or security groups. Avoid making changes one-by-one in the portal for scale and consistency. Moving the Source of Authority to Microsoft Entra ID is a major step toward a modern, highly secure, and simplified identity environment. Understand the implications, plan your path for Kerberos access, and start unlocking the full potential of the cloud.Entra ID Drops the memberOf Rule Operator for Dynamic Groups and Dynamic Admin Units
MC1448379 (5 August 2026) announces the retirement of the MemberOf rule operator from Entra ID in early November 2026. The removal of the rule operator might affect the membership rules used for dynamic groups, dynamic administrative units, and auto-assigned entitlement management policies. If a tenant doesn’t act, Entra ID will stop processing the rules and memberships will become increasingly inaccurate. And that’s a bad thing! https://office365itpros.com/2026/08/07/memberof-rule-operator/Entra ID Enables Blocking for Nested Security Groups
A new Entra ID feature enables the ability to block nesting for security groups. In other words, you can’t include other groups as members of a group. That might not sound important, but it is to those who manage permissions, especially when the time comes to figure out who exactly has access to something confidential. The new feature isn’t fully implemented yet, but it should be very valuable when it’s fully deployed to tenants. https://office365itpros.com/2026/08/03/blocking-for-nested-security-groups/
How to target Azure VPN (Microsoft-Registered) app with Conditional Access Policies?
I have an Azure Point-to-Site VPN Gateway configured using the Microsoft-registered Azure VPN Client App ID (Audience value: c632b3df-fb67-4d84-bdcf-b95ad541b5c8). Everything is working correctly for our users. The issue I am having is that anyone with an Entra account can connect to the VPN and I want to restrict this with a blocking Conditional access policy. I do not want to create a custom app registration, because then I will have to change the 'audience' value on the app gateway and all user's will need to modify their VPN clients. The problem is I need to target the Microsoft-registered Azure VPN app in a Conditional Access policy but it does not appear in my Enterprise Applications list or in the CA app picker when searching. My questions: Why does the Microsoft-registered app not automatically create a service principal in my tenant the way other Microsoft apps do? Is there a supported way to make it appear in the CA app picker without creating a custom app registration or changing the gateway Audience value? Has anyone successfully targeted c632b3df-fb67-4d84-bdcf-b95ad541b5c8 in a CA policy while keeping it as the gateway Audience value? Thanks for the assistance hereUsing User Assigned Managed Identities with Microsoft 365 Automation7
A user assigned managed identity (UAMI) is a secure method to authenticate with many important endpoints, including the Microsoft Graph. It’s like a system assigned managed identity (SAMI), but the big difference is that a UAMI is an Azure resource that isn’t tied to an automation account. It can be used in multiple areas of Azure and a UAMI might be a better option for large organizations that make extensive use of Azure resources. https://office365itpros.com/2026/07/20/user-assigned-managed-identity/Microsoft to Stop Providing Telephony-Based Authentication Methods for MFA in February 2027
In an important announcement for all tenants, Microsoft revealed that Entra ID will no longer provide SMS one-time codes or voice calls for MFA challenges after February 1, 2027. Tenants can continue to use telephony-based authentication methods after that date, but only by purchasing a service from a telecom provider. This is arguably the biggest change in Entra ID authentication since mandatory MFA for administrative interfaces – and we have a PowerShell script to help identify the affected accounts. https://office365itpros.com/2026/07/14/entra-sms-one-time-code/
Moving Office 365 Mailboxes to IMAP Servers - What’s the Best Approach
I’ve recently been looking into scenarios where organizations need to move mailboxes from Microsoft 365 to IMAP based email servers, and I noticed this is still a common requirement in many migrations. In most cases, the challenge is not just moving emails, but making sure everything like folder structure, old emails, and user data stays intact without creating too much disruption for users. From what I’ve seen, doing this manually can get very complex, especially when there are multiple mailboxes or large data volumes involved. That’s where migration tools usually come into the picture. Most tools simplify things by handling: 1. Secure connection to Microsoft 365 accounts 2. Bulk mailbox migration 3. Preserving folder hierarchy 4. Reducing downtime during the move 5. Avoiding duplicate data issues One thing I’ve noticed is that running a small pilot migration first always helps. It gives a clear idea of how the actual migration will behave before moving all users. Has anyone here worked on Office 365 to IMAP migration at scale? Would be good to know what approaches or tools worked best in your case and what challenges you faced during the process.Using Graph Delta Queries with Entra ID Groups
Delta queries are a Microsoft Graph mechanism to allow applications to query resources to find objects that have changed since a baseline was established. The technique is most useful for applications that need to synchronize a local store with online content. It’s not an appropriate method to use for reporting changes to Entra ID groups because knowing that an object changed doesn’t mean much by itself. https://office365itpros.com/2026/06/25/graph-delta-queries-entra-id-groups/Entra ID Tightens Conditional Access Processing for Baseline Scopes
Microsoft is closing a gap in conditional access policies where apps that only request baseline scopes with at least one exclusion are not processed. The rollout has already started and should be finished by mid-August. For most tenants, the change shouldn’t be an issue, but it is possible that some apps are in use that fit the profile and cannot handle conditional access. If MC1223829 appeared in your tenant, it’s time to check. https://office365itpros.com/2026/06/19/baseline-scopes-ca/I built a free, open-source M365 security assessment tool - looking for feedback
I work as an IT consultant, and a good chunk of my time is spent assessing Microsoft 365 environments for small and mid-sized businesses. Every engagement started the same way: connect to five different PowerShell modules, run dozens of commands across Entra ID, Exchange Online, Defender, SharePoint, and Teams, manually compare each setting against CIS benchmarks, then spend hours assembling everything into a report the client could actually read. The tools that automate this either cost thousands per year, require standing up Azure infrastructure just to run, or only cover one service area. I wanted something simpler: one command that connects, assesses, and produces a client-ready deliverable. So I built it. What M365 Assess does https://github.com/Daren9m/M365-Assess is a PowerShell-based security assessment tool that runs against a Microsoft 365 tenant and produces a comprehensive set of reports. Here is what you get from a single run: 57 automated security checks aligned to the CIS Microsoft 365 Foundations Benchmark v6.0.1, covering Entra ID, Exchange Online, Defender for Office 365, SharePoint Online, and Teams 12 compliance frameworks mapped simultaneously -- every finding is cross-referenced against NIST 800-53, NIST CSF 2.0, ISO 27001:2022, SOC 2, HIPAA, PCI DSS v4.0.1, CMMC 2.0, CISA SCuBA, and DISA STIG (plus CIS profiles for E3 L1/L2 and E5 L1/L2) 20+ CSV exports covering users, mailboxes, MFA status, admin roles, conditional access policies, mail flow rules, device compliance, and more A self-contained HTML report with an executive summary, severity badges, sortable tables, and a compliance overview dashboard -- no external dependencies, fully base64-encoded, just open it in any browser or email it directly The entire assessment is read-only. It never modifies tenant settings. Only Get-* cmdlets are used. A few things I'm proud of Real-time progress in the console. As the assessment runs, you see each check complete with live status indicators and timing. No staring at a blank terminal wondering if it hung. The HTML report is a single file. Logos, backgrounds, fonts -- everything is embedded. You can email the report as an attachment and it renders perfectly. It supports dark mode (auto-detects system preference), and all tables are sortable by clicking column headers. Compliance framework mapping. This was the feature that took the most work. The compliance overview shows coverage percentages across all 12 frameworks, with drill-down to individual controls. Each finding links back to its CIS control ID and maps to every applicable framework control. Pass/Fail detail tables. Each security check shows the CIS control reference, what was checked, what the expected value is, what the actual value is, and a clear Pass/Fail/Warning status. Findings include remediation descriptions to help prioritize fixes. Quick start If you want to try it out, it takes about 5 minutes to get running: # Install prerequisites (if you don't have them already) Install-Module Microsoft.Graph, ExchangeOnlineManagement -Scope CurrentUser Clone and run git clone https://github.com/Daren9m/M365-Assess.git cd M365-Assess .\Invoke-M365Assessment.ps1 The interactive wizard walks you through selecting assessment sections, entering your tenant ID, and choosing an authentication method (interactive browser login, certificate-based, or pre-existing connections). Results land in a timestamped folder with all CSVs and the HTML report. Requires PowerShell 7.x and runs on Windows (macOS and Linux are experimental -- I would love help testing those platforms). Cloud support M365 Assess works with: Commercial (global) tenants GCC, GCC High, and DoD environments If you work in government cloud, the tool handles the different endpoint URIs automatically. What is next This is actively maintained and I have a roadmap of improvements: More automated checks -- 140 CIS v6.0.1 controls are tracked in the registry, with 57 automated today. Expanding coverage is the top priority. Remediation commands -- PowerShell snippets and portal steps for each finding, so you can fix issues directly from the report. XLSX compliance matrix -- A spreadsheet export for audit teams who need to work in Excel. Standalone report regeneration -- Re-run the report from existing CSV data without re-assessing the tenant. I would love your feedback I have been building this for my own consulting work, but I think it could be useful to the broader community. If you try it, I would genuinely appreciate hearing: What checks should I prioritize next? Which security controls matter most in your environment? What compliance frameworks are most requested by your clients or auditors? How does the report land with non-technical stakeholders? Is the executive summary useful, or does it need work? macOS/Linux users -- does it run? What breaks? I have tested it on macOS, but not extensively. Bug reports, feature requests, and contributions are all welcome on GitHub. Repository: https://github.com/Daren9m/M365-Assess License: MIT (free for commercial and personal use) Runtime: PowerShell 7.x Thanks for reading. Happy to answer any questions in the comments.
