Click on the object so it displays its bounding box. Depending on the type of object, one of the "contextual ribbons" will appear, with a tab that says "Shape Format", "Graphic Format", "Picture Format", etc. The buttons on that ribbon will give you the tools to work with that object.
Alternatively, right-click in the object and click the "Format [object type]" item at the bottom of the menu. That will open a pane on the right with the same tools.
