one formula for combination of character in number of column

can anyone solve this for me please?

I know how to put a formula in one column.

but how could i put a formula for number of column to know a a combination in these column.

example

1st column has value A

2nd column has value B

3rd column has value C

4th column has value D

now may be in next row

the values for these column are B,C, D, and A respectively

and next row for these column are C, D, A and B respectively.

i want to check how many rows have A, B, C and D or any of above.

please guide me in this regard.