RBS Installation

I would suggest not using RBS. RBS was designed for WSSv3 farms upgrading to 2010 with SQL Express. When WID was used on previous versions of SharePoint, it allowed for >4GB data file sizes, which SQL 2008 Express was limited to (later 10GB for 2012 Express).

Content databases with RBS enabled are hard capped at 200GB (database size + RBS content). If the stated goal is reducing a database below a 4TB size, you're already well outside the maximum supported size for an RBS-database.

In addition, Azure supports very large disks, well in-excess of 4TB so that alone wouldn't be a motivator for reducing database size.

https://docs.microsoft.com/azure/virtual-machines/disks-types#disk-comparison

Based on the error for the MSI, you should look at re-downloading the RBS MSI package. It seems like it may be corrupt.