Error: Empty List but get error - exceeds the list view threshold enforced by the administrator

So, I managed to run some tests and changes. 

1. Changed just the List View Threshold for Auditors and Administrators to 30,000 (failed - same error)
- reverted it back to 20,000

2. Changed just the List View to 30,000 (failed - same error) - reverted it back to 20,000

3. Changed BOTH settings to 120,000 - successful (shows 1 checked out document) - reset both back to 20,000

4. Enabled the Daily Time Window for Large Queries and set the time/duration accordingly - Successful (shows 1 checked out document) - reset to disabled.

So, without changing the farm settings permanently, I reverted back to their current standards. I have moved past the original concern, but I'm not 100% certain what the setting was that was restricting my view - nor what is considered in the threshold count/limit. 

Questions I now have are:
A. What gets counted in the "List View Threshold" setting?

B. What gets counted in the "List View Threshold for Auditors and Administrators" setting?

C. What is considered "large" in the Daily Time Window for Large Queries?

Consider:

3 Checked Out Documents to [Me]
15 Doc Libraries - All with 1,000 documents/folders/item count (15,000 total)

20 Lists - All with 500 entries each (10,000 total records)

1 List (from the 20 above) - Has 5 Look Up fields with 200 items in each list (1,000 total items from look ups)

Farm Threshold Settings: 

--- List View Threshold: 20,000

--- List View Threshold for Auditors and Administrators: 20,000

Does the view fail still? Or does it show the 3 documents I have checked out?