As we talk with our customers that are using Microsoft Endpoint Manager to deploy, manage, and secure their client devices, we often get questions regarding co-managing devices and hybrid Azure Active Directory (AD) joined devices. Many customers confuse these two topics – the first is a management option, while the second is an identity option. In this blog, I hope to clear up any confusion and give guidance and scenarios on how to use both to manage and protect your devices.
Let’s start with the basics: management
Microsoft Endpoint Manager is the combination of Configuration Manager – the on-premises management tool that you’ve been using for decades - and Microsoft Intune – the cloud-based management solution used for modern device security and management. Endpoint Manager’s goal is unifying both of your management solutions and bringing the power of the cloud to your entire endpoint estate.
To accomplish this goal, we first launched tenant attach to provide an easy and low-risk path to cloud attach your Configuration Manager infrastructure to your Intune tenant. This is an on-premises to cloud attachment like you’ve seen before when connecting your Exchange Server on-premises infrastructure to Exchange online and sync’d those mailboxes, and when you connected Active Directory to Azure Active Directory and sync’d those user accounts and other objects. Tenant attach is the same idea: attach the Configuration Manager infrastructure to Intune and sync the Windows 10 Configuration Manager managed devices to the cloud-based Intune tenant. Creating this connection brings the value of remote actions and analytics, immediately.
During or after the initial attachment, you can start moving certain workloads from Configuration Manager to Intune, either one at a time or en masse. You choose the path that’s right for you. Co-management is the act of moving workloads from Configuration Manager to Intune and telling the Windows 10 client who the management authority is for that particular workload. For example, you might move Compliance Policies and Device Configuration workloads to Intune while leaving all other workloads set to Configuration Manager. This tells the Windows 10 client to listen to Configuration Manager for app deployment and security policies, for example, while listening to Intune for compliance policies and device configuration policies.
Figure 1: Graphic representation of Microsoft Endpoint Manager, Configuration Manager, and Microsoft Intune.
As you continue to modernize, continue moving workloads to Intune until you are managing everything in the cloud, or keep all of the workloads directed to Configuration Manager and stay on the tenant attach step. Or you can even start in Intune as cloud-native. With tenant attach and co-management, you choose the path and the end state.
Let’s start with the basics: identity
Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS) has been around since 2000, with the release of Windows 2000 Server. Traditionally, we join our Windows devices to Active Directory to take advantage of Group Policies, security settings, and even to give permissions to resources that are stored in a different Active Directory environment - either in the same Active Directory forest or a different forest. Devices can be joined to only one AD DS environment.
Like we said earlier, though, it’s possible to connect the on-premises AD DS environment to Azure Active Directory (Azure AD). When this connection is made, the devices that are joined to AD DS may then be registered in Azure AD. This connection and registration is known as hybrid Azure AD joined.
Figure 2: Diagram depicting a Hybrid Azure AD joined corporate laptop.
Devices that are co-managed, or devices that are enrolled in in Intune, may be joined directly to Azure AD, or they may be hybrid Azure AD joined but they must have a cloud identity.
Our guidance
Not all devices in your organization need to be managed the same. Each device serves a different purpose, as such has different management and identity requirements. For example, new devices may not need to be joined to AD DS, and instead can be initially provisioned as Azure AD joined, being managed either by Intune natively or by co-management. Starting this device as hybrid Azure AD joined will introduce challenges later as you adopt more modern solutions, such as migrating user data, user profiles, and determining which group policies are assigned to the device. So before joining any new devices to AD DS and deciding on that hybrid approach, ask yourself, “Does this device need to be hybrid Azure AD joined? What are the benefits of joining this device to my AD DS environment?”
Hybrid Azure AD joining a device is great for uplifting your existing AD DS joined devices, but Azure AD is the Microsoft recommended path for most new or repurposed devices, especially when using modern deployment tools like Windows Autopilot.
Scenarios
Many of our customers have been using AD DS for 20 years, joining client (and server) operating systems from Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows 7, Windows 8/8.1, Windows 10, and everything in between (I’m looking at you Windows Vista!). Because of how long AD DS has been around, you may have Group Policy Objects (GPOs) that you need to leverage, or Win32 authentication, or other scenarios that will make moving to a pure Azure AD environment challenging. Let’s look at some of these scenarios and our guidance with each one.
Scenario #1: User profile migration
Scenario
When a device is joined to Azure AD, it creates a new profile for the logged-on user, and does not reference any existing profiles. In a new device scenario, this won’t be an issue as there are no profiles yet on the endpoint. User profiles typically include the following local directories:
Local files in the Desktop, Documents, Pictures folders
Start menu and Taskbar customizations
Favorites
Browser settings
Cached credentials
Outlook cache and settings
Third-party app settings
But if the devices were previously AD DS joined or joined to its own workgroup, you may need a profile migration, as seen in the table below:
Original device state
Once joined to Azure AD
New or re-imaged/repurposed device
No profile migration needed
Local workgroup
User profiles need to be migrated
AD DS joined
User profiles need to be migrated
Table 1. User profile migration needs when joining a device to Azure AD.
Guidance
Our guidance in the case where a user profile migration is needed is to:
Manually copy/paste to migrate profiles, or use a third-party profile migration tool
Re-map existing files and settings to the new profile
Moving your on-premises file shares to SharePoint Online
Use OneDrive for Business Known Folder Move
Scenario #2: Group Policy Objects
Scenario
Though we are constantly adding configuration service providers (CSPs) settings that Windows supports into Intune and making configuration of settings easier for you, some of the GPOs that are configured on-premises may not have equivalent CSPs in Intune. These GPOs typically revolve around very specific user-based configurations, such as:
Start menu and Taskbar customizations
Desktop wallpaper and screensaver settings
Some registry settings
Other Group Policy Preferences
Guidance
Run Group Policy Analytics to analyze these GPOs and determine your level of modern management support.
Do a thorough assessment of supported settings in MDM – do you still need them? Are there alternative technologies with higher security? Are the registry changes covered by a KB article? Is the policy still required? Do a hard rationalization with your team!
If you are setting Registry to configure apps, re-evaluate if the configuration is supported via ADMX (Administrative Templates).
Migrate those GPO settings that have equivalent CSPs to an Intune policy. For devices born in the cloud, use Security baselines to configure Windows 10 devices in Intune as these have recommended MDM configurations.
Re-evaluate the necessity of those GPO settings that do not have an equivalent CSP and report to us.
Scenario #3: Win32 apps and legacy authentication
Scenario
Some Win32 apps have a need for some legacy form of authentication. Any apps that require AD DS machine authentication will not work.
Once you have a better idea of who is using legacy authentication in your directory and which applications depend on it, the next step is upgrading your users to use modern authentication.
Migrate these apps to apps that support modern types of authentication.
Re-evaluate the necessity of AD DS machine authentication.
Get application compatibility assistance at no additional cost.
Scenario #4: Printing
Scenario
Your users are using printers that are directly connected to their devices or that have a direct path in the Printer settings. And some may be using AD Printer Discovery to find the printer closest to them. Because there are many printer-type scenarios, consider the following in the table below:
Printer scenario
Result
User has a printer directly connected
This will continue to work
User has a direct path to a printer
This will continue to work
User uses AD Printer Discovery
This will not work
Table 2. Printer scenarios when migrating a device to Azure AD.
Guidance
Notify users of a direct printer path, when possible
Deploy a PowerShell script from Intune to map the printers
Best: Use Universal Print, our driverless cloud-based, print service
Conclusion
Hybrid Azure AD joining a device is a device identity scenario, which has your device joined to the on-premises AD DS domain, and registered in Azure AD. This is a good scenario when starting your identity and security migration from on-premises to the cloud.
Co-management is a device management scenario, which has your device being managed by both Configuration Manager and Microsoft Intune, with each being the management authority of specific workloads.
Consider the points in this table as our recommendations to realize the benefits of cloud management.
Identity
Management
Provisioning
Cloud modernization
AD DS only
Configuration Manager + Tenant Attach
Operating System Deployment
Low
Hybrid Azure AD joined
Tenant Attach + Co-management
Operating System Deployment
Medium
Azure AD only
Co-management
Or
Microsoft Intune
Windows Autopilot
High
Table 3. Recommended Windows client management strategy based on device Identity
As you start to move from your legacy AD DS and Configuration Manager environments, we’re here to help! Reach out to our FastTrack team and follow us on Twitter @IntuneSuppTeam! And bookmark the Microsoft Endpoint Manager community for more blogs and information on managing all of your devices, including iOS, iPad OS, macOS, Android, and Windows!
Hi guys, this article and the comments are great. I'm a sysadmin and have been teaching myself Intune and Autopilot. It's perfect for any new laptops we get, now that we are on 365. There's no purpose for them to join our on prem domain. I've even got apps and policies setup, it's neat to see it all flow to a laptop after signing in with my 365 creds.
Desktops are a different story. Our current setup is that access to our network has to be authenticated with our domain. My net admin mentioned Palo may have something to interact with AAD but we are looking into it. Is there a solution you know of where we can convert existing ADDS only PCs and put all new PCs on AAD and still have 802.1x security to our LAN? Also we have an on-prem print server with a ton of printers, how does this factor in?
We are currently using Configuration Manager and looking into using Intune co-management. But when we installed Office, users have selected the option to "allow organization to manage my device" so we accidently ended up with thousands of devices registered in Intune (those are domain joined devices currently managed by Configuration Manager). Now when we want to enable co-management, we are looking for the proper way to cleanup Intune from those accidently registered devices, so we can enable Azure AD sync to bring on-premise domain devices into Intune properly and then enable co-management. What is the proper way to do? can we just delete those devices from Intune? we can't ask thousands of users to disconnect work/school account and I couldn't find a way to do that administratively on many computers? Thanks
For secure dynamic DNS, can you discuss the bigger scenario here of why you want or need dynamic DNS in the first place particularly in a hybrid world? I'm not saying you don't necessarily, I just want to understand the bigger picture from your perspective and for the ask.
> In an enterprise there are so many applications attached to AD DS
This is not a technically accurate statement. The apps themselves almost always rely on the core Windows capabilities using built-in authentication libraries and functionality. The applications themselves are wholly ignorant of the exact details of how they contact the directory to request authentication or how to actually perform that auth, they simply pass the info to a built-in function and operate on the returned info. Nothing about AADJ changes this or upsets this functionality. The only difference with AADJ is that Windows needs a little bit of additional info to direct the authentication request to the on-prem domain as this is intrinsically known to an on-prem domain joined device. This little bit of additional info is provided by AAD Connect (see How SSO to on-premises resources works on Azure AD joined devices - Microsoft Entra | Microsoft Learn for details).
If you have apps that make direct LDAP (or other direct to AD) queries, there's nothing specifically stopping them from being pointed to your on-prem AD. As eldued to above, AADJ does not in any way preclude the use of your on-prem AD or any other directory for that matter. The app simply needs to be able to be pointed to that directory. How each app handles that is an app specific implementation detail that we can't solve specifically and is something you need to engage with the app's vendor on. As noted above, Windows itself is doing this by using a hint provided to it using AAD Connect.
> So overall, though AADJ makes sense, we consider atleast 3~4 year journey before it could culminate in fully getting away from AD DS.
You'll get no argument or pushback from us on this. We fully acknowledge that this is not an overnight excercise and that this journey may take "many" years for some customers. But every journey starts with a single step (pick your favorite cliche that says the same thing).
As for support and knowledge, note that the author of this post works directly with some of the largest and most strategic Microsoft customers on a daily basis. The team we are on is dedicated to this (we are part of the product group) so we are in general more than just passingly knowledgable. I'm sorry your experience with other resources has not been up to your expectations. I suggest providing that feedback to those teams and using other resources at your disposal including discussing this with your Microsoft account team.
Finally, don't conflate moving to AADJ with getting rid of your on-prem AD. They are not the same thing and while that is a longer term aspiration for us, that is a follow-on step to moving to AADJ and not part of moving to AADJ.
In an enterprise there are so many applications attached to AD DS - However enthusiastic we get, I am not clear how AADJ will replace all of them. Untill once subscribe to full Microsoft vision, I am not sure traditional organization can do away with AD completely.
PKI being the primary and I guess that can be solved with Intune certificate connector. Voice (PBX) System with softphone which identifies based on AD identity. Video conf equipment in the office are again tied to AD. I am sure if we rip and replace and get every conceivable product directly tracking to Azure AD, may be possible.
Most importantly support: With personal experience the folks who write such fantastic and thorough articles are not in the field. What we get in the field are Fastrack team, which are so green - it is a joke. Their entire purpose is to push bing searched links. The folks interacting with us could not properly explain what's written in this article, short of assisting with deployment. Microsoft tech support esp. with Azure AD is.. let's not even waste energy.
So overall, though AADJ makes sense, we consider atleast 3~4 year journey before it could culminate in fully getting away from AD DS.
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Explore the differences between hybrid Azure AD join and co-management—and how they work together.
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As we talk with our customers that are using Microsoft Endpoint Manager to deploy, manage, and secure their client devices, we often get questions regarding co-managing devices and hybrid Azure Active Directory (AD) joined devices. Many customers confuse these two topics – the first is a management option, while the second is an identity option. In this blog, I hope to clear up any confusion and give guidance and scenarios on how to use both to manage and protect your devices.
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Let’s start with the basics: management
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Microsoft Endpoint Manager is the combination of Configuration Manager – the on-premises management tool that you’ve been using for decades - and Microsoft Intune – the cloud-based management solution used for modern device security and management. Endpoint Manager’s goal is unifying both of your management solutions and bringing the power of the cloud to your entire endpoint estate.
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To accomplish this goal, we first launched tenant attach to provide an easy and low-risk path to cloud attach your Configuration Manager infrastructure to your Intune tenant. This is an on-premises to cloud attachment like you’ve seen before when connecting your Exchange Server on-premises infrastructure to Exchange online and sync’d those mailboxes, and when you connected Active Directory to Azure Active Directory and sync’d those user accounts and other objects. Tenant attach is the same idea: attach the Configuration Manager infrastructure to Intune and sync the Windows 10 Configuration Manager managed devices to the cloud-based Intune tenant. Creating this connection brings the value of remote actions and analytics, immediately.
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During or after the initial attachment, you can start moving certain workloads from Configuration Manager to Intune, either one at a time or en masse. You choose the path that’s right for you. Co-management is the act of moving workloads from Configuration Manager to Intune and telling the Windows 10 client who the management authority is for that particular workload. For example, you might move Compliance Policies and Device Configuration workloads to Intune while leaving all other workloads set to Configuration Manager. This tells the Windows 10 client to listen to Configuration Manager for app deployment and security policies, for example, while listening to Intune for compliance policies and device configuration policies.
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Figure 1: Graphic representation of Microsoft Endpoint Manager, Configuration Manager, and Microsoft Intune.
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As you continue to modernize, continue moving workloads to Intune until you are managing everything in the cloud, or keep all of the workloads directed to Configuration Manager and stay on the tenant attach step. Or you can even start in Intune as cloud-native. With tenant attach and co-management, you choose the path and the end state.
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Let’s start with the basics: identity
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Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS) has been around since 2000, with the release of Windows 2000 Server. Traditionally, we join our Windows devices to Active Directory to take advantage of Group Policies, security settings, and even to give permissions to resources that are stored in a different Active Directory environment - either in the same Active Directory forest or a different forest. Devices can be joined to only one AD DS environment.
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Like we said earlier, though, it’s possible to connect the on-premises AD DS environment to Azure Active Directory (Azure AD). When this connection is made, the devices that are joined to AD DS may then be registered in Azure AD. This connection and registration is known as hybrid Azure AD joined.
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Figure 2: Diagram depicting a Hybrid Azure AD joined corporate laptop.
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Devices that are co-managed, or devices that are enrolled in in Intune, may be joined directly to Azure AD, or they may be hybrid Azure AD joined but they must have a cloud identity.
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Our guidance
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Not all devices in your organization need to be managed the same. Each device serves a different purpose, as such has different management and identity requirements. For example, new devices may not need to be joined to AD DS, and instead can be initially provisioned as Azure AD joined, being managed either by Intune natively or by co-management. Starting this device as hybrid Azure AD joined will introduce challenges later as you adopt more modern solutions, such as migrating user data, user profiles, and determining which group policies are assigned to the device. So before joining any new devices to AD DS and deciding on that hybrid approach, ask yourself, “Does this device need to be hybrid Azure AD joined? What are the benefits of joining this device to my AD DS environment?”
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Hybrid Azure AD joining a device is great for uplifting your existing AD DS joined devices, but Azure AD is the Microsoft recommended path for most new or repurposed devices, especially when using modern deployment tools like Windows Autopilot.
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Scenarios
\n
Many of our customers have been using AD DS for 20 years, joining client (and server) operating systems from Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows 7, Windows 8/8.1, Windows 10, and everything in between (I’m looking at you Windows Vista!). Because of how long AD DS has been around, you may have Group Policy Objects (GPOs) that you need to leverage, or Win32 authentication, or other scenarios that will make moving to a pure Azure AD environment challenging. Let’s look at some of these scenarios and our guidance with each one.
\n
Scenario #1: User profile migration
\n
Scenario
\n
When a device is joined to Azure AD, it creates a new profile for the logged-on user, and does not reference any existing profiles. In a new device scenario, this won’t be an issue as there are no profiles yet on the endpoint. User profiles typically include the following local directories:
\n
\n
Local files in the Desktop, Documents, Pictures folders
\n
Start menu and Taskbar customizations
\n
Favorites
\n
Browser settings
\n
Cached credentials
\n
Outlook cache and settings
\n
Third-party app settings
\n
\n
But if the devices were previously AD DS joined or joined to its own workgroup, you may need a profile migration, as seen in the table below:
\n
\n\n
\n
\n
Original device state
\n
\n
\n
Once joined to Azure AD
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
New or re-imaged/repurposed device
\n
\n
\n
No profile migration needed
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
Local workgroup
\n
\n
\n
User profiles need to be migrated
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
AD DS joined
\n
\n
\n
User profiles need to be migrated
\n
\n
\n\n
\n
Table 1. User profile migration needs when joining a device to Azure AD.
\n
Guidance
\n
Our guidance in the case where a user profile migration is needed is to:
\n
\n
Manually copy/paste to migrate profiles, or use a third-party profile migration tool
\n
Re-map existing files and settings to the new profile
Moving your on-premises file shares to SharePoint Online
\n
Use OneDrive for Business Known Folder Move
\n
\n
Scenario #2: Group Policy Objects
\n
Scenario
\n
Though we are constantly adding configuration service providers (CSPs) settings that Windows supports into Intune and making configuration of settings easier for you, some of the GPOs that are configured on-premises may not have equivalent CSPs in Intune. These GPOs typically revolve around very specific user-based configurations, such as:
\n
\n
Start menu and Taskbar customizations
\n
Desktop wallpaper and screensaver settings
\n
Some registry settings
\n
Other Group Policy Preferences
\n
\n
Guidance
\n
\n
Run Group Policy Analytics to analyze these GPOs and determine your level of modern management support.
\n
Do a thorough assessment of supported settings in MDM – do you still need them? Are there alternative technologies with higher security? Are the registry changes covered by a KB article? Is the policy still required? Do a hard rationalization with your team!
\n
If you are setting Registry to configure apps, re-evaluate if the configuration is supported via ADMX (Administrative Templates).
\n
Migrate those GPO settings that have equivalent CSPs to an Intune policy. For devices born in the cloud, use Security baselines to configure Windows 10 devices in Intune as these have recommended MDM configurations.
\n
Re-evaluate the necessity of those GPO settings that do not have an equivalent CSP and report to us.
\n
\n
Scenario #3: Win32 apps and legacy authentication
\n
Scenario
\n
Some Win32 apps have a need for some legacy form of authentication. Any apps that require AD DS machine authentication will not work.
Once you have a better idea of who is using legacy authentication in your directory and which applications depend on it, the next step is upgrading your users to use modern authentication.
\n
Migrate these apps to apps that support modern types of authentication.
\n
Re-evaluate the necessity of AD DS machine authentication.
\n
Get application compatibility assistance at no additional cost.
\n
\n
Scenario #4: Printing
\n
Scenario
\n
Your users are using printers that are directly connected to their devices or that have a direct path in the Printer settings. And some may be using AD Printer Discovery to find the printer closest to them. Because there are many printer-type scenarios, consider the following in the table below:
\n
\n\n
\n
\n
Printer scenario
\n
\n
\n
Result
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
User has a printer directly connected
\n
\n
\n
This will continue to work
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
User has a direct path to a printer
\n
\n
\n
This will continue to work
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
User uses AD Printer Discovery
\n
\n
\n
This will not work
\n
\n
\n\n
\n
Table 2. Printer scenarios when migrating a device to Azure AD.
\n
Guidance
\n
\n
Notify users of a direct printer path, when possible
\n
Deploy a PowerShell script from Intune to map the printers
\n
Best: Use Universal Print, our driverless cloud-based, print service
\n
\n
Conclusion
\n
Hybrid Azure AD joining a device is a device identity scenario, which has your device joined to the on-premises AD DS domain, and registered in Azure AD. This is a good scenario when starting your identity and security migration from on-premises to the cloud.
\n
Co-management is a device management scenario, which has your device being managed by both Configuration Manager and Microsoft Intune, with each being the management authority of specific workloads.
\n
Consider the points in this table as our recommendations to realize the benefits of cloud management.
\n
\n\n
\n
\n
Identity
\n
\n
\n
Management
\n
\n
\n
Provisioning
\n
\n
\n
Cloud modernization
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
AD DS only
\n
\n
\n
Configuration Manager + Tenant Attach
\n
\n
\n
Operating System Deployment
\n
\n
\n
Low
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
Hybrid Azure AD joined
\n
\n
\n
Tenant Attach + Co-management
\n
\n
\n
Operating System Deployment
\n
\n
\n
Medium
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
Azure AD only
\n
\n
\n
Co-management
\n
Or
\n
Microsoft Intune
\n
\n
\n
Windows Autopilot
\n
\n
\n
High
\n
\n
\n\n
\n
Table 3. Recommended Windows client management strategy based on device Identity
\n
As you start to move from your legacy AD DS and Configuration Manager environments, we’re here to help! Reach out to our FastTrack team and follow us on Twitter @IntuneSuppTeam! And bookmark the Microsoft Endpoint Manager community for more blogs and information on managing all of your devices, including iOS, iPad OS, macOS, Android, and Windows!
\n
","body@stringLength":"20991","rawBody":"
As we talk with our customers that are using Microsoft Endpoint Manager to deploy, manage, and secure their client devices, we often get questions regarding co-managing devices and hybrid Azure Active Directory (AD) joined devices. Many customers confuse these two topics – the first is a management option, while the second is an identity option. In this blog, I hope to clear up any confusion and give guidance and scenarios on how to use both to manage and protect your devices.
\n
Let’s start with the basics: management
\n
Microsoft Endpoint Manager is the combination of Configuration Manager – the on-premises management tool that you’ve been using for decades - and Microsoft Intune – the cloud-based management solution used for modern device security and management. Endpoint Manager’s goal is unifying both of your management solutions and bringing the power of the cloud to your entire endpoint estate.
\n
To accomplish this goal, we first launched tenant attach to provide an easy and low-risk path to cloud attach your Configuration Manager infrastructure to your Intune tenant. This is an on-premises to cloud attachment like you’ve seen before when connecting your Exchange Server on-premises infrastructure to Exchange online and sync’d those mailboxes, and when you connected Active Directory to Azure Active Directory and sync’d those user accounts and other objects. Tenant attach is the same idea: attach the Configuration Manager infrastructure to Intune and sync the Windows 10 Configuration Manager managed devices to the cloud-based Intune tenant. Creating this connection brings the value of remote actions and analytics, immediately.
\n
During or after the initial attachment, you can start moving certain workloads from Configuration Manager to Intune, either one at a time or en masse. You choose the path that’s right for you. Co-management is the act of moving workloads from Configuration Manager to Intune and telling the Windows 10 client who the management authority is for that particular workload. For example, you might move Compliance Policies and Device Configuration workloads to Intune while leaving all other workloads set to Configuration Manager. This tells the Windows 10 client to listen to Configuration Manager for app deployment and security policies, for example, while listening to Intune for compliance policies and device configuration policies.
\n
Figure 1: Graphic representation of Microsoft Endpoint Manager, Configuration Manager, and Microsoft Intune.
\n
As you continue to modernize, continue moving workloads to Intune until you are managing everything in the cloud, or keep all of the workloads directed to Configuration Manager and stay on the tenant attach step. Or you can even start in Intune as cloud-native. With tenant attach and co-management, you choose the path and the end state.
\n
Let’s start with the basics: identity
\n
Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS) has been around since 2000, with the release of Windows 2000 Server. Traditionally, we join our Windows devices to Active Directory to take advantage of Group Policies, security settings, and even to give permissions to resources that are stored in a different Active Directory environment - either in the same Active Directory forest or a different forest. Devices can be joined to only one AD DS environment.
\n
Like we said earlier, though, it’s possible to connect the on-premises AD DS environment to Azure Active Directory (Azure AD). When this connection is made, the devices that are joined to AD DS may then be registered in Azure AD. This connection and registration is known as hybrid Azure AD joined.
\n
Figure 2: Diagram depicting a Hybrid Azure AD joined corporate laptop.
\n
Devices that are co-managed, or devices that are enrolled in in Intune, may be joined directly to Azure AD, or they may be hybrid Azure AD joined but they must have a cloud identity.
\n
Our guidance
\n
Not all devices in your organization need to be managed the same. Each device serves a different purpose, as such has different management and identity requirements. For example, new devices may not need to be joined to AD DS, and instead can be initially provisioned as Azure AD joined, being managed either by Intune natively or by co-management. Starting this device as hybrid Azure AD joined will introduce challenges later as you adopt more modern solutions, such as migrating user data, user profiles, and determining which group policies are assigned to the device. So before joining any new devices to AD DS and deciding on that hybrid approach, ask yourself, “Does this device need to be hybrid Azure AD joined? What are the benefits of joining this device to my AD DS environment?”
\n
Hybrid Azure AD joining a device is great for uplifting your existing AD DS joined devices, but Azure AD is the Microsoft recommended path for most new or repurposed devices, especially when using modern deployment tools like Windows Autopilot.
\n
Scenarios
\n
Many of our customers have been using AD DS for 20 years, joining client (and server) operating systems from Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows 7, Windows 8/8.1, Windows 10, and everything in between (I’m looking at you Windows Vista!). Because of how long AD DS has been around, you may have Group Policy Objects (GPOs) that you need to leverage, or Win32 authentication, or other scenarios that will make moving to a pure Azure AD environment challenging. Let’s look at some of these scenarios and our guidance with each one.
\n
Scenario #1: User profile migration
\n
Scenario
\n
When a device is joined to Azure AD, it creates a new profile for the logged-on user, and does not reference any existing profiles. In a new device scenario, this won’t be an issue as there are no profiles yet on the endpoint. User profiles typically include the following local directories:
\n
\n
Local files in the Desktop, Documents, Pictures folders
\n
Start menu and Taskbar customizations
\n
Favorites
\n
Browser settings
\n
Cached credentials
\n
Outlook cache and settings
\n
Third-party app settings
\n
\n
But if the devices were previously AD DS joined or joined to its own workgroup, you may need a profile migration, as seen in the table below:
\n
\n\n
\n
\n
Original device state
\n
\n
\n
Once joined to Azure AD
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
New or re-imaged/repurposed device
\n
\n
\n
No profile migration needed
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
Local workgroup
\n
\n
\n
User profiles need to be migrated
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
AD DS joined
\n
\n
\n
User profiles need to be migrated
\n
\n
\n\n
\n
Table 1. User profile migration needs when joining a device to Azure AD.
\n
Guidance
\n
Our guidance in the case where a user profile migration is needed is to:
\n
\n
Manually copy/paste to migrate profiles, or use a third-party profile migration tool
\n
Re-map existing files and settings to the new profile
Moving your on-premises file shares to SharePoint Online
\n
Use OneDrive for Business Known Folder Move
\n
\n
Scenario #2: Group Policy Objects
\n
Scenario
\n
Though we are constantly adding configuration service providers (CSPs) settings that Windows supports into Intune and making configuration of settings easier for you, some of the GPOs that are configured on-premises may not have equivalent CSPs in Intune. These GPOs typically revolve around very specific user-based configurations, such as:
\n
\n
Start menu and Taskbar customizations
\n
Desktop wallpaper and screensaver settings
\n
Some registry settings
\n
Other Group Policy Preferences
\n
\n
Guidance
\n
\n
Run Group Policy Analytics to analyze these GPOs and determine your level of modern management support.
\n
Do a thorough assessment of supported settings in MDM – do you still need them? Are there alternative technologies with higher security? Are the registry changes covered by a KB article? Is the policy still required? Do a hard rationalization with your team!
\n
If you are setting Registry to configure apps, re-evaluate if the configuration is supported via ADMX (Administrative Templates).
\n
Migrate those GPO settings that have equivalent CSPs to an Intune policy. For devices born in the cloud, use Security baselines to configure Windows 10 devices in Intune as these have recommended MDM configurations.
\n
Re-evaluate the necessity of those GPO settings that do not have an equivalent CSP and report to us.
\n
\n
Scenario #3: Win32 apps and legacy authentication
\n
Scenario
\n
Some Win32 apps have a need for some legacy form of authentication. Any apps that require AD DS machine authentication will not work.
Once you have a better idea of who is using legacy authentication in your directory and which applications depend on it, the next step is upgrading your users to use modern authentication.
\n
Migrate these apps to apps that support modern types of authentication.
\n
Re-evaluate the necessity of AD DS machine authentication.
\n
Get application compatibility assistance at no additional cost.
\n
\n
Scenario #4: Printing
\n
Scenario
\n
Your users are using printers that are directly connected to their devices or that have a direct path in the Printer settings. And some may be using AD Printer Discovery to find the printer closest to them. Because there are many printer-type scenarios, consider the following in the table below:
\n
\n\n
\n
\n
Printer scenario
\n
\n
\n
Result
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
User has a printer directly connected
\n
\n
\n
This will continue to work
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
User has a direct path to a printer
\n
\n
\n
This will continue to work
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
User uses AD Printer Discovery
\n
\n
\n
This will not work
\n
\n
\n\n
\n
Table 2. Printer scenarios when migrating a device to Azure AD.
\n
Guidance
\n
\n
Notify users of a direct printer path, when possible
\n
Deploy a PowerShell script from Intune to map the printers
\n
Best: Use Universal Print, our driverless cloud-based, print service
\n
\n
Conclusion
\n
Hybrid Azure AD joining a device is a device identity scenario, which has your device joined to the on-premises AD DS domain, and registered in Azure AD. This is a good scenario when starting your identity and security migration from on-premises to the cloud.
\n
Co-management is a device management scenario, which has your device being managed by both Configuration Manager and Microsoft Intune, with each being the management authority of specific workloads.
\n
Consider the points in this table as our recommendations to realize the benefits of cloud management.
\n
\n\n
\n
\n
Identity
\n
\n
\n
Management
\n
\n
\n
Provisioning
\n
\n
\n
Cloud modernization
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
AD DS only
\n
\n
\n
Configuration Manager + Tenant Attach
\n
\n
\n
Operating System Deployment
\n
\n
\n
Low
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
Hybrid Azure AD joined
\n
\n
\n
Tenant Attach + Co-management
\n
\n
\n
Operating System Deployment
\n
\n
\n
Medium
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
Azure AD only
\n
\n
\n
Co-management
\n
Or
\n
Microsoft Intune
\n
\n
\n
Windows Autopilot
\n
\n
\n
High
\n
\n
\n\n
\n
Table 3. Recommended Windows client management strategy based on device Identity
\n
As you start to move from your legacy AD DS and Configuration Manager environments, we’re here to help! Reach out to our FastTrack team and follow us on Twitter @IntuneSuppTeam! And bookmark the Microsoft Endpoint Manager community for more blogs and information on managing all of your devices, including iOS, iPad OS, macOS, Android, and Windows!
Explore the differences between hybrid Azure AD join and co-management—and how they work together.
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Understanding hybrid Azure AD join and co-management","moderationData":{"__ref":"ModerationData:moderation_data:4130413"},"body":"
amazing article
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Hi guys, this article and the comments are great. I'm a sysadmin and have been teaching myself Intune and Autopilot. It's perfect for any new laptops we get, now that we are on 365. There's no purpose for them to join our on prem domain. I've even got apps and policies setup, it's neat to see it all flow to a laptop after signing in with my 365 creds.
Desktops are a different story. Our current setup is that access to our network has to be authenticated with our domain. My net admin mentioned Palo may have something to interact with AAD but we are looking into it. Is there a solution you know of where we can convert existing ADDS only PCs and put all new PCs on AAD and still have 802.1x security to our LAN? Also we have an on-prem print server with a ton of printers, how does this factor in?
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Hybrid Azure AD still our options
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Thank you for pointing me in the right direction, much appreciated.
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Thanks for the valuable article,
We are currently using Configuration Manager and looking into using Intune co-management. But when we installed Office, users have selected the option to \"allow organization to manage my device\" so we accidently ended up with thousands of devices registered in Intune (those are domain joined devices currently managed by Configuration Manager). Now when we want to enable co-management, we are looking for the proper way to cleanup Intune from those accidently registered devices, so we can enable Azure AD sync to bring on-premise domain devices into Intune properly and then enable co-management. What is the proper way to do? can we just delete those devices from Intune? we can't ask thousands of users to disconnect work/school account and I couldn't find a way to do that administratively on many computers? Thanks
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For secure dynamic DNS, can you discuss the bigger scenario here of why you want or need dynamic DNS in the first place particularly in a hybrid world? I'm not saying you don't necessarily, I just want to understand the bigger picture from your perspective and for the ask.
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> In an enterprise there are so many applications attached to AD DS
\n
This is not a technically accurate statement. The apps themselves almost always rely on the core Windows capabilities using built-in authentication libraries and functionality. The applications themselves are wholly ignorant of the exact details of how they contact the directory to request authentication or how to actually perform that auth, they simply pass the info to a built-in function and operate on the returned info. Nothing about AADJ changes this or upsets this functionality. The only difference with AADJ is that Windows needs a little bit of additional info to direct the authentication request to the on-prem domain as this is intrinsically known to an on-prem domain joined device. This little bit of additional info is provided by AAD Connect (see How SSO to on-premises resources works on Azure AD joined devices - Microsoft Entra | Microsoft Learn for details).
\n
\n
If you have apps that make direct LDAP (or other direct to AD) queries, there's nothing specifically stopping them from being pointed to your on-prem AD. As eldued to above, AADJ does not in any way preclude the use of your on-prem AD or any other directory for that matter. The app simply needs to be able to be pointed to that directory. How each app handles that is an app specific implementation detail that we can't solve specifically and is something you need to engage with the app's vendor on. As noted above, Windows itself is doing this by using a hint provided to it using AAD Connect.
\n
\n
> So overall, though AADJ makes sense, we consider atleast 3~4 year journey before it could culminate in fully getting away from AD DS.
\n
You'll get no argument or pushback from us on this. We fully acknowledge that this is not an overnight excercise and that this journey may take \"many\" years for some customers. But every journey starts with a single step (pick your favorite cliche that says the same thing).
\n
\n
As for support and knowledge, note that the author of this post works directly with some of the largest and most strategic Microsoft customers on a daily basis. The team we are on is dedicated to this (we are part of the product group) so we are in general more than just passingly knowledgable. I'm sorry your experience with other resources has not been up to your expectations. I suggest providing that feedback to those teams and using other resources at your disposal including discussing this with your Microsoft account team.
\n
\n
Finally, don't conflate moving to AADJ with getting rid of your on-prem AD. They are not the same thing and while that is a longer term aspiration for us, that is a follow-on step to moving to AADJ and not part of moving to AADJ.
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In an enterprise there are so many applications attached to AD DS - However enthusiastic we get, I am not clear how AADJ will replace all of them. Untill once subscribe to full Microsoft vision, I am not sure traditional organization can do away with AD completely.
PKI being the primary and I guess that can be solved with Intune certificate connector. Voice (PBX) System with softphone which identifies based on AD identity. Video conf equipment in the office are again tied to AD. I am sure if we rip and replace and get every conceivable product directly tracking to Azure AD, may be possible.
Most importantly support: With personal experience the folks who write such fantastic and thorough articles are not in the field. What we get in the field are Fastrack team, which are so green - it is a joke. Their entire purpose is to push bing searched links. The folks interacting with us could not properly explain what's written in this article, short of assisting with deployment. Microsoft tech support esp. with Azure AD is.. let's not even waste energy.
So overall, though AADJ makes sense, we consider atleast 3~4 year journey before it could culminate in fully getting away from AD DS.
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