Microsoft RDC does not support unicode for keystrokes translation. it uses key mapping.
Apple keyboards will always be a pain as long as RDC use key mapping. And Apple has this annoying habit of changing their keyboard layout too often.
so the best solution is to use anydesk (free version will work fine) and install and configure anydesk directly in your windows 10 VM. Then install anydesk IOS and connect to your VM.
you can also install anydesk in your windows 11 machine. you can have both.
There is really no advantage to use anydesk (or even microsoft RDC) on your windows 11 machine to then connect to your windows 10 VM.
I use anydesk on each remote machine or VM. It's faster and easier and I can open multiple sessions in this way.
you can also use teamviewer, but anydesk free version is faster and will never bother with ads.
PS, once anydesk is installed, open a remote session and activate "unicode" from the keyboard layout menu