I currently have a dataset containing monthly financial data and quarterly financial data. I wish to linearly interpolate the quarterly data to monthly data so I can conduct some analysis between the two sets of financial data. I was using the excel 'fill' function to fill the blank cells as a linear trend but the full dataset spans 15 years; I found this process quite slow since I could only fill 2/3 months at a time. I'm looking for a more efficient way to complete this task.
I have attached a screenshot of some of the dataset which should help explain my situation. As you can see I have filled 'Div. Growth' using the excel 'fill' function but given the frequency of the data in the dataset I can only interpolate 2-3 cells at a time.
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Read this post to learn more about deploying macOS apps with the Intune scripting agent!
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By Neil Johnson – Principal Product Manager | Microsoft Intune
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Updated 10/26/22: Refresh content in line with recent updates to Intune.
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The recommended methods of deploying apps with Microsoft Intune are the built-in app deployment features for Edge, Office and Defender. We also support the Apple App Store and line-of-business (LOB) apps. However, there are occasions where an application you need is not made by Microsoft, is not in the Apple App Store.
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Before we get into the details, it’s important that you understand the supportability of the process we are about to discuss:
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Important: From a support perspective, Microsoft fully supports Intune and its ability to deploy shell scripts to macOS. However, Microsoft does not support the scripts themselves, even if they are on our GitHub repository. They are provided for example only. You are responsible for anything that they may do within your environment. Always test!
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For the remainder of this post, I’m going to walk you through an example for how to approach the scenario where you need to do a bit of scripting. The steps we’re going to take are as follows:
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Identify a web location from which to download the app.
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Write a bash script to download the installer and install the app.
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Deploy the bash script using the Intune scripting agent.
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Again, please do see the caveat above regarding supportability and testing! I work with several customers who are highly familiar with scripting and deploying so I’m sharing best practices and a few things we’ve all learned along the way.
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Example Application Deployment: GNU Imagine Manipulation Program (GIMP)
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We’re using Gimp here for a simple example. Gimp can be completely deployed following the steps outlined in our blog post, Add a macOS DMG app to Microsoft Intune. The app makes a great example, too, to deploy through the scripting agent.
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Step 1 – Obtaining the binary
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First things first, we need to get a copy of Gimp. To do that we’ll head to the Gimp website and download the latest stable version. Save the file as gimp.dmg in the Downloads directory.
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A screenshot of the gimp.dmg macOS app in the Downloads directory.
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Step 2 – Uploading to Azure Blob storage
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Now that we have our installation file, we can upload to Azure so it’s ready for us to use. Setting up Azure Blob storage is outside the scope of this article, but you can learn more in Introduction to blob storage – Azure Storage.
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Note: It is not a requirement to use Azure storage – see the note on download URL later in this post.
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To upload gimp.dmg to Azure Blob storage, do the following:
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Go to portal.azure.com > Storage Accounts > “your storage account” and select the container you wish to use for macOS app deployments.
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Click Upload > Provide the file path to gimp.dmg and click upload again.
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Once uploaded, you will see your file listed in the container. A screenshot of the gimp.dmg example uploaded in an Azure storage account.
Note on Blob storage security: If you don't want to permit anonymous access to your Blob storage binaries you can set the access level to your container to \"Private\" (no anonymous access) and generate a SAS access URL instead. The rest of this process will remain the same but the URL you use will have additional information encoded at the end.
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A screenshot showing the setting for the access level of container ’macapps‘ with a public access level as Private (no anonymous access).
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Note on download URLs: If you don’t have Azure Blob storage, you can use the public download URL for Gimp from their website here instead. I like using Azure because it gives us more control over the process and the version that we install, but the rest of the process in this post will work fine using either Azure Blob storage or the public download URL from the Gimp servers.
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Step 3 – Write the bash script to download and install Gimp
Open the installGimp.sh file in Visual Studio Code. The bits we might want to change are shown on lines 20-27. These variables control how the script will behave. Let’s look at them in some more detail.
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# User Defined variables\nweburl=\"https://neiljohn.blob.core.windows.net/macapps/gimp.dmg\"\nappname=\"Gimp\"\napp=\"Gimp.app\"\nlogandmetadir=\"/Library/Logs/Microsoft/IntuneScripts/installGimp\"\nprocesspath=\"/Applications/Gimp.app/Contents/MacOS/gimp\"\nterminateprocess=\"false\"\nautoupdate=”false”
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weburl is the http URL of the installation files that we need. In this example we are using Azure Blob storage to host the file, but it could be any http endpoint that will be accessible from the client. The script will attempt to autodetect the installer type based on the file that is downloaded.
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appname is mostly used in the log, but is also used to generate the metadata file path for storing the last updated date.
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app is the actual name of the Application. It is used by the script to check if the app is already installed. The script will copy the application files found on the DMG to /Applications/$app. The best way to find out what this should be set to is to install the application manually on your Mac and then run ls -la /Applications from a terminal prompt and use the same name in the app variable.
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logandmetadir is the directory that the script will use to store the installation log and to store the metadata for the last version update. This should be unique for each application that you deploy.
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processpath is used to check if the application is running or not. Mac applications have a strict directory format, so one of the quickest methods is to run ls -Fl /Applications/Gimp.app/Contents/MacOS/*. This will return a list of files. It's usually easy to guess which one is the main application by the name, such as in our case /Applications/Gimp.app/Contents/MacOS/gimp.
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terminateprocess is used to control what the script does if it finds the application is running. If this value is set to false, the script will check for the applications process and wait for it to be closed before installing. If the value is set to true, the script will detect that the application is running and terminate the main process before installing. For most end user applications leave this set to false.
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autoupdate is used to control how the script behaves when it’s run after the app is installed. If autoupdate is set to true the script will exit since it assumes that the app will handle updates itself. If set to false, the script will compare current and last update times on the URL header and update if there is a newer version.
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For this example, the only thing that you need to change here is the weburl to your Azure Blob storage location (or use the public download URL https://download.gimp.org/mirror/pub/gimp/v2.10/osx/gimp-2.10.22-x86_64-3.dmg). The rest of the script can be left as is, but it is a good idea to read through it to ensure that you understand what it does.
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Now that we have our script, we need to test it. The easiest way to do that is to run it on a test device.
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We need to make the script executable with chmod which we will run in a terminal window.
Next, we can give the script a test run to check that it works. We need to run it as root so don’t forget the sudo command.
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Neils-MacBook-Pro:Gimp % sudo ./installGimp.sh
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Fri 9 Apr 2021 15:12:42 BST | Creating [/Library/Logs/Microsoft/IntuneScripts/installGimp] to store logs\n\n##############################################################\n\n# Fri 9 Apr 2021 15:12:42 BST | Logging install of [Gimp] to [/Library/Logs/Microsoft/IntuneScripts/installGimp/Gimp.log]\n\n############################################################\n\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:12:42 BST | Checking if we need Rosetta 2 or not\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:12:42 BST | Waiting for other [/usr/sbin/softwareupdate] processes to end\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:12:42 BST | No instances of [/usr/sbin/softwareupdate] found, safe to proceed\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:12:42 BST | [Intel(R) Core(TM) i9-9880H CPU @ 2.30GHz] found, Rosetta not needed\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:12:42 BST | Checking if we need to install or update [Gimp]\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:12:42 BST | [Gimp] not installed, need to download and install\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:12:42 BST | Dock is here, lets carry on\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:12:42 BST | Starting downlading of [Gimp]\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:12:42 BST | Waiting for other [curl] processes to end\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:12:42 BST | No instances of [curl] found, safe to proceed\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:12:42 BST | Downloading Gimp\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:13:13 BST | Downloaded [Gimp.app] to [/var/folders/zz/zyxvpxvq6csfxvn_n0000000000000/T/tmp.WlgvmHH8/gimp.dmg]\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:13:13 BST | Detected install type as [DMG]\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:13:13 BST | Waiting for other [/Applications/Gimp.app/Contents/MacOS/gimp] processes to end\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:13:13 BST | No instances of [/Applications/Gimp.app/Contents/MacOS/gimp] found, safe to proceed\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:13:13 BST | Waiting for other [installer -pkg] processes to end\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:13:13 BST | No instances of [installer -pkg] found, safe to proceed\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:13:13 BST | Waiting for other [rsync -a] processes to end\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:13:13 BST | No instances of [rsync -a] found, safe to proceed\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:13:13 BST | Waiting for other [unzip] processes to end\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:13:13 BST | No instances of [unzip] found, safe to proceed\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:13:13 BST | Installing [Gimp]\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:13:13 BST | Mounting Image\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:13:30 BST | Copying app files to /Applications/Gimp.app\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:22:28 BST | Un-mounting [/var/folders/zz/zyxvpxvq6csfxvn_n0000000000000/T/tmp.WlgvmHH8/Gimp]\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:22:28 BST | [Gimp] Installed\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:22:28 BST | Cleaning Up\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:22:28 BST | Fixing up permissions\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:22:30 BST | Application [Gimp] succesfully installed\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:22:31 BST | Writing last modifieddate [Tue, 06 Apr 2021 14:04:10 GMT] to [/Library/Logs/Microsoft/IntuneScripts/installGimp/Gimp.meta]
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Once that’s done, try to launch the Gimp application to check that it installed correctly and that it works. Press CMD+Space and type in ‘Gimp’, then press Return. The Gimp splash screen should appear, and the application should start.
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A screenshot of the GIMP splash screen
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Assuming everything went well to this point, all we need to do now is to deploy the script via Intune.
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Step 4 - Deploy the bash script via the Intune scripting agent.
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At this point we have a script that we’re confident works when we run it locally and so the next step is to upload it to Intune and assign it to some test users to check that it behaves as we expect when it’s run via the Intune Scripting Agent.
Under Required click Add group and search for an appropriate group to target the script to.\n
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Note: At this stage a test group would probably be wise.
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Click Next, review and then Add to complete the assignment.
Next, we need to find a test device that we can use to check the deployment on.
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Identify a test device that is enrolled into Intune as a user in the group that you assigned the script to.
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On that device press CMD+Space and type ‘Company Portal’ and press Enter.
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If prompted, click Sign In and enter the users’ credentials.
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In the Company Portal app, press Option+CMD+S to trigger a device check-in. Note, doing this on the device via Company Portal calls the script agent to check-in. Also, if you do this from the Microsoft Endpoint Manager admin center, the script agent will not check-in at the same time.
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The final step on the client Mac is to check that the app has installed, and we can launch it. Press CMD+Space and type \"Gimp\" and press Enter. The Gimp app should launch.
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An example of launching the Gimp app to validate app installation on a macOS device
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At this stage we’re happy that the script deploys the app successfully. All that is left is to set the assignment policy of the script to include all the users that you need to install the Gimp app to.
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Handling version updates
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Some apps handle updates automatically and some apps don’t. For this example, Gimp doesn’t automatically update so we’re going to need to handle that. Luckily, the example script already handles updates so all that we need to do is to upload a newer version of gimp.dmg to Blob storage or change the URL in the script to a newer version on the Gimp website. It’s really that simple.
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If you want more detail, when we created our script policy in Intune, we set the schedule to run every day. To prevent the script from installing Gimp every time it runs, there are a few functions to handle updates and downloads.
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updateCheck() This function first checks the autoupdate variable. If set to true and the app is already installed, the script exits, If set to false it compares the last-modified http header of the file that we downloaded to install last time against the current last-modified date of the download URL. If the dates are the same, the script drops out with nothing to do. If they are different, the script will attempt to download and install the update.
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waitForProcess() This function is called just before the app is installed. It pauses the script while the given process is running. If the app is running the script will wait until it is closed by the end user. The end user is not prompted, the script will run silently in the background. If you set terminateprocess=\"true\" the function will attempt to terminate the app.
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We can see these functions in action simply by running the script twice. On a test machine, if we download installGimp.sh and run it twice, during the second time through we’ll see the following log entry.
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Neils-MacBook-Pro:Gimp % % sudo ./installGimp.sh \n\n##############################################################\n# Tue 6 Apr 2021 14:46:09 BST | Logging install of [Gimp] to [/Library/Logs/Microsoft/IntuneScripts/installGimp/Gimp.log]\n############################################################\n\nTue 6 Apr 2021 14:46:09 BST | Checking if we need Rosetta 2 or not\nTue 6 Apr 2021 14:46:09 BST | [Intel(R) Core(TM) i9-9880H CPU @ 2.30GHz] found, Rosetta not needed\nTue 6 Apr 2021 14:46:09 BST | Checking if we need to install or update [Gimp]\nTue 6 Apr 2021 14:46:09 BST | [Gimp] already installed, let's see if we need to update\nTue 6 Apr 2021 14:46:10 BST | No update between previous [Tue, 06 Apr 2021 12:03:05 GMT] and current [Tue, 06 Apr 2021 12:03:05 GMT]\nTue 6 Apr 2021 14:46:10 BST | Exiting, nothing to do
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We can see from the log that there has been no update, so the script doesn’t re-install Gimp.
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To show the update process working, update the gimp.dmg file in Azure Blob storage. Repeat steps 1 and 2 above.
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Download the application DMG.
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Upload the DMG to Azure Blob storage.
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During step 2, make sure that you use the same file name and that you check the Overwrite if files already exist checkbox.
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A screenshot of the Overwrite if files already exist checkbox option in Intune
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Once the upload is complete, re-run the script on the test device.
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Neils-MacBook-Pro:Gimp % sudo ./installGimp.sh \n\n##############################################################\n# Tue 6 Apr 2021 15:05:23 BST | Logging install of [Gimp] to [/Library/Logs/Microsoft/IntuneScripts/installGimp/Gimp.log]\n############################################################\n\nTue 6 Apr 2021 15:05:23 BST | Checking if we need Rosetta 2 or not\nTue 6 Apr 2021 15:05:23 BST | [Intel(R) Core(TM) i9-9880H CPU @ 2.30GHz] found, Rosetta not needed\nTue 6 Apr 2021 15:05:23 BST | Checking if we need to install or update [Gimp]\nTue 6 Apr 2021 15:05:23 BST | [Gimp] already installed, let's see if we need to update\nTue 6 Apr 2021 15:05:23 BST | Update found, previous [Tue, 06 Apr 2021 12:03:05 GMT] and current [Tue, 06 Apr 2021 14:04:10 GMT]\nTue 6 Apr 2021 15:05:23 BST | Starting downlading of [Gimp]\nTue 6 Apr 2021 15:05:23 BST | Waiting for other Curl processes to end\nTue 6 Apr 2021 15:05:23 BST | No instances of Curl found, safe to proceed\nTue 6 Apr 2021 15:05:23 BST | Octory found, attempting to send status updates\nTue 6 Apr 2021 15:05:23 BST | Updating Octory monitor for [Gimp] to [installing]\nTue 6 Apr 2021 15:05:24 BST | Downloading Gimp\nTue 6 Apr 2021 15:06:00 BST | Downloaded [Gimp.app]\nTue 6 Apr 2021 15:06:00 BST | Checking if the application is running\nTue 6 Apr 2021 15:06:00 BST | [Gimp] isn't running, lets carry on\nTue 6 Apr 2021 15:06:00 BST | Installing [Gimp]\nTue 6 Apr 2021 15:06:00 BST | Octory found, attempting to send status updates\nTue 6 Apr 2021 15:06:00 BST | Updating Octory monitor for [Gimp] to [installing]\nTue 6 Apr 2021 15:06:00 BST | Mounting [/tmp/gimp.dmg] to [/tmp/Gimp]\nTue 6 Apr 2021 15:06:21 BST | Copying /tmp/Gimp/*.app to /Applications/Gimp.app\nTue 6 Apr 2021 15:15:43 BST | Un-mounting [/tmp/Gimp]\nTue 6 Apr 2021 15:15:44 BST | [Gimp] Installed\nTue 6 Apr 2021 15:15:44 BST | Cleaning Up\nTue 6 Apr 2021 15:15:44 BST | Fixing up permissions\nTue 6 Apr 2021 15:15:46 BST | Application [Gimp] succesfully installed\nTue 6 Apr 2021 15:15:46 BST | Writing last modifieddate [Tue, 06 Apr 2021 14:04:10 GMT] to [/Library/Logs/Microsoft/IntuneScripts/installGimp/Gimp.meta]\nTue 6 Apr 2021 15:15:46 BST | Octory found, attempting to send status updates
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Adapting the example script to something else: Yammer
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We have our Gimp script working as we want, but what about other installer files? In this example, we are going to look at modifying the InstallGimp.sh script to handle Yammer, which is also provided as a DMG file.
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The completed script for Yammer is available here. If we look at a comparison of changes between the installGimp.sh and installYammer.sh scripts, we can see that the only differences are on lines 21-27.
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Comparison of the changes between the installGimp.sh and installYammer.sh scripts
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The changes on line 6 are just a description of the script. Lines 20-27 are variables that are discussed in more detail in Step 3 above.
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# User Defined variables\nweburl=\"https://aka.ms/yammer_desktop_mac\"\nappname=\"Yammer\"\napp=\"Yammer.app\"\nlogandmetadir=\"/Library/Logs/Microsoft/IntuneScripts/installYammer\"\nprocesspath=\"/Applications/Yammer.app/Contents/MacOS/Yammer\"\nterminateprocess=\"false\"\nautoUpdate=”false”
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Note: That in this example we are not using Azure blob storage but, rather, the normal download URL for Yammer. After editing the script, we then follow the steps in Step 4 - Deploy the bash script via the Intune scripting agent above. Once deployed, we can go to the Mac and trigger a manual check-in and then check the logs on our target Mac.
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For Yammer, our new policy ID is: 010f31ef-1cfc-441b-a409-fc75e838c5d0
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From the IntuneMDMDaemon*.log file we see the following:
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IntuneMDM-Daemon | I | *10068 | ScriptPolicyHandler | Running script policy PolicyID: 010f31ef-1cfc-441b-a409-fc75e838c5d0\nIntuneMDM-Daemon | I | *10068 | ScriptPolicyHandler | Delivering user notification. PolicyID: 010f31ef-1cfc-441b-a409-fc75e838c5d0, BlockExecutionNotifications: true\nIntuneMDM-Daemon | I | 12959 | ScriptPolicyHandler | Script ran PolicyID: 010f31ef-1cfc-441b-a409-fc75e838c5d0, TotalRetries: 0, Status: Success, ExitCode: 0\nIntuneMDM-Daemon | I | 12959 | ScriptPolicyHandler | Script policy succeeded PolicyID: 010f31ef-1cfc-441b-a409-fc75e838c5d0, TotalRetries: 0, ExitCode: 0\nIntuneMDM-Daemon | I | 12959 | ScriptPolicyHandler | Adding script to scheduler PolicyID: 010f31ef-1cfc-441b-a409-fc75e838c5d0
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And from the /Library/Logs/Microsoft/IntuneScripts/installYammer/Yammer.log we see the following:
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Sat 10 Apr 2021 17:38:30 BST | Creating [/Library/Logs/Microsoft/IntuneScripts/installYammer] to store logs\n \n##############################################################\n# Sat 10 Apr 2021 17:38:30 BST | Logging install of [Yammer] to [/Library/Logs/Microsoft/IntuneScripts/installYammer/Yammer.log]\n############################################################\n \nSat 10 Apr 2021 17:38:30 BST | Checking if we need Rosetta 2 or not\nSat 10 Apr 2021 17:38:30 BST | Waiting for other [/usr/sbin/softwareupdate] processes to end\nSat 10 Apr 2021 17:38:30 BST | No instances of [/usr/sbin/softwareupdate] found, safe to proceed\nSat 10 Apr 2021 17:38:30 BST | [Intel(R) Core(TM) i9-9880H CPU @ 2.30GHz] found, Rosetta not needed\nSat 10 Apr 2021 17:38:30 BST | Checking if we need to install or update [Yammer]\nSat 10 Apr 2021 17:38:30 BST | [Yammer] not installed, need to download and install\nSat 10 Apr 2021 17:38:30 BST | Dock is here, lets carry on\nSat 10 Apr 2021 17:38:30 BST | Starting downlading of [Yammer]\nSat 10 Apr 2021 17:38:30 BST | Waiting for other [curl] processes to end\nSat 10 Apr 2021 17:38:30 BST | No instances of [curl] found, safe to proceed\nSat 10 Apr 2021 17:38:30 BST | Downloading Yammer\nSat 10 Apr 2021 17:38:49 BST | Unknown file type [/var/folders/zz/zyxvpxvq6csfxvn_n0000000000000/T/tmp.U6LKs7Fb/yammer_desktop_mac], analysing metadata\nSat 10 Apr 2021 17:38:49 BST | Downloaded [Yammer.app] to [/var/folders/zz/zyxvpxvq6csfxvn_n0000000000000/T/tmp.U6LKs7Fb/install.dmg]\nSat 10 Apr 2021 17:38:49 BST | Detected install type as [DMG]\nSat 10 Apr 2021 17:38:49 BST | Waiting for other [/Applications/Yammer.app/Contents/MacOS/Yammer] processes to end\nSat 10 Apr 2021 17:38:49 BST | No instances of [/Applications/Yammer.app/Contents/MacOS/Yammer] found, safe to proceed\nSat 10 Apr 2021 17:38:49 BST | Installing [Yammer]\nSat 10 Apr 2021 17:38:49 BST | Mounting Image\nSat 10 Apr 2021 17:38:56 BST | Copying app files to /Applications/Yammer.app\nSat 10 Apr 2021 17:39:14 BST | Un-mounting [/var/folders/zz/zyxvpxvq6csfxvn_n0000000000000/T/tmp.U6LKs7Fb/Yammer]\nSat 10 Apr 2021 17:39:14 BST | [Yammer] Installed\nSat 10 Apr 2021 17:39:14 BST | Cleaning Up\nSat 10 Apr 2021 17:39:14 BST | Fixing up permissions\nSat 10 Apr 2021 17:39:14 BST | Application [Yammer] succesfully installed
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To validate the installation, launch the Yammer app by pressing CMD+Space and typing \"Yammer\" and then Enter. Assuming everything works as expected, the next step is to repeat step 4 above (Deploy the bash script with Intune Scripting Agent) and assign it to your users.
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What about other package types? APP or PKG?
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This approach can be used for any macOS installer that can be triggered from the shell. The script attempts to determine the correct installer type from the downloaded file.
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More examples using the same script can be found here:
The best way to get started is to download one of the example scripts and modify it for your application.
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Some of the examples use weburls on Azure blob storage and others pull directly from the source download sites (like Company Portal). The script uses curl -OJL <url> to download the installer and create the temp file.
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Note: If the app you are trying to deploy is provided to you as an .app file, you can compress the app into a ZIP and use the examples above.
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All the examples include a function to handle Rosetta 2 deployment for Apple Silicon devices. That means these scripts can be deployed straight to an M1 Mac and it will automatically handle the installation of Rosetta 2 so that the application can run.
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Troubleshooting
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Using the Microsoft Endpoint Manager admin center, troubleshoot scripting with the instructions provided below. Note: Intune also reports the status of each script in the UI.
Select Devices > macOS > Shell scripts and select the script you want to troubleshoot.
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Click on Device Status and then select the device you are troubleshooting.
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Click on Show details and Intune will display the last output from the script.
A screenshot of the example GIMP app Device status in Intune If we need more information, we can use the Intune script agent to gather logs from the Mac for us remotely.
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Click on Collect Logs and enter in the name of the log file you want to retrieve. In our example that is /Library/Logs/Microsoft/IntuneScripts/installGimp/Gimp.log.
A screenshot of the collecting logs example with the GIMP application in Intune.
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The next time that the script agent checks in (8 hour cycle), the logs will be returned to Intune. You can force this by having the end user open Company Portal and clicking CheckSettings.
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Note: On the device, in the IntuneMDMDaemon log file you can see log upload requests and completions by searching for \"LogUploadResultItem\".
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IntuneMDM-Daemon | I | 255380 | PersistenceManager | Storing LogUploadResultItem\nIntuneMDM-Daemon | I | 256078 | PersistenceManager | Getting all LogUploadResultItem\nIntuneMDM-Daemon | I | *235677 | PersistenceManager | Deleting all LogUploadResultItem\nIntuneMDM-Daemon | I | 256953 | PersistenceManager | Getting all LogUploadResultItem
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Once the logs have been returned, the Download logs button will be shown. Click this to download the device logs as a zip file.
A screenshot of the \"Download logs\" button in Intune for the example.
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Inside the zip file will be the file we requested, plus the two Intune script agent (user) and daemon (root) logs, which are always returned.
A screenshot of example Downloaded logs from Intune.
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To make sense of the logs, it’s useful to know the policy ID of the script we are troubleshooting. We can get this from the Microsoft Endpoint Manager admin center.
Note: You can also view the logs directly on the Mac if you have access. Use Console again to view them.
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/Library/Logs/Microsoft/Intune[For scripts that do not run as the end user]
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~/Library/Logs/Microsoft/Intune[For scripts that do run as the end user]
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Script Log
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This is the log that is generated by each script so the output will be different depending on what you put in your script. The best way to view is in the Console app. Search for ‘Gimp’. The log file output should look very similar to the output we saw when we ran the script manually.
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A Example screenshot of filtering out the IntuneMDMDaemon*log on a macOS device.
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Version Reporting
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One of the biggest problems with this approach of app deployment is that apps deployed in this way do not show up in the ‘managed apps’ list for each managed Mac in Intune. To help mitigate this a little, we can use Intune’s custom attribute feature to run a shell script on the Mac and return the version of our app.
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We have an example custom attribute script to return the version of a Mac app here.
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To deploy the custom attribute script:
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Download the example script to ~Downloads. Open in Visual Studio Code and modify/test as required.
Under Required click Add group and search for an appropriate group to target the script to.
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Click Next, review and then Add to complete the assignment.
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The next time that the Intune macOS script agent checks-in to Intune, it will run the script and return the value. To see a list of the returned values:
Select the custom attribute you created > Device Status
A screenshot of the previously created Custom attributes in Intune example.
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This report can be exported to a CSV file if required.
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Obviously, this is a basic example, but it could be expanded to return any information that you can gather from a shell script.
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Summary
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Hopefully this blog and example scripts have provided some guidance around the possibilities of deploying apps via the Intune script agent and Azure Blob storage (or other web hosting sites).
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This approach is especially useful for applications that cannot be deployed via the other App deployment scenarios that Intune provides.
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Advantages
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Disadvantages
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Extremely flexible.
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No need for build certificate to sign custom packages.
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More detailed logging capabilities.
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Can handle dependencies (such as Rosetta on M1 devices).
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Requires some bash scripting skills.
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Apps deployed via this method don’t show up in \"Managed Apps\" UI in Intune. Can mitigate this somewhat with ‘custom attributes’.
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The scripts deployed run at your own risk and you are entirely responsible for them and any damage they may do.
Let us know if you have any questions by replying to this post or reaching out to @IntuneSuppTeam on Twitter.
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Post Updates:
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10/26/22: Updated to refresh content in line with recent updates to Intune.
","body@stringLength":"53420","rawBody":"
By Neil Johnson – Principal Product Manager | Microsoft Intune
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Updated 10/26/22: Refresh content in line with recent updates to Intune.
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The recommended methods of deploying apps with Microsoft Intune are the built-in app deployment features for Edge, Office and Defender. We also support the Apple App Store and line-of-business (LOB) apps. However, there are occasions where an application you need is not made by Microsoft, is not in the Apple App Store.
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Before we get into the details, it’s important that you understand the supportability of the process we are about to discuss:
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Important: From a support perspective, Microsoft fully supports Intune and its ability to deploy shell scripts to macOS. However, Microsoft does not support the scripts themselves, even if they are on our GitHub repository. They are provided for example only. You are responsible for anything that they may do within your environment. Always test!
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For the remainder of this post, I’m going to walk you through an example for how to approach the scenario where you need to do a bit of scripting. The steps we’re going to take are as follows:
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Identify a web location from which to download the app.
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Write a bash script to download the installer and install the app.
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Deploy the bash script using the Intune scripting agent.
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Again, please do see the caveat above regarding supportability and testing! I work with several customers who are highly familiar with scripting and deploying so I’m sharing best practices and a few things we’ve all learned along the way.
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Example Application Deployment: GNU Imagine Manipulation Program (GIMP)
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We’re using Gimp here for a simple example. Gimp can be completely deployed following the steps outlined in our blog post, Add a macOS DMG app to Microsoft Intune. The app makes a great example, too, to deploy through the scripting agent.
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Step 1 – Obtaining the binary
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First things first, we need to get a copy of Gimp. To do that we’ll head to the Gimp website and download the latest stable version. Save the file as gimp.dmg in the Downloads directory.
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A screenshot of the gimp.dmg macOS app in the Downloads directory.
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Step 2 – Uploading to Azure Blob storage
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Now that we have our installation file, we can upload to Azure so it’s ready for us to use. Setting up Azure Blob storage is outside the scope of this article, but you can learn more in Introduction to blob storage – Azure Storage.
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Note: It is not a requirement to use Azure storage – see the note on download URL later in this post.
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To upload gimp.dmg to Azure Blob storage, do the following:
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Go to portal.azure.com > Storage Accounts > “your storage account” and select the container you wish to use for macOS app deployments.
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Click Upload > Provide the file path to gimp.dmg and click upload again.
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Once uploaded, you will see your file listed in the container. A screenshot of the gimp.dmg example uploaded in an Azure storage account.
Note on Blob storage security: If you don't want to permit anonymous access to your Blob storage binaries you can set the access level to your container to \"Private\" (no anonymous access) and generate a SAS access URL instead. The rest of this process will remain the same but the URL you use will have additional information encoded at the end.
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A screenshot showing the setting for the access level of container ’macapps‘ with a public access level as Private (no anonymous access).
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Note on download URLs: If you don’t have Azure Blob storage, you can use the public download URL for Gimp from their website here instead. I like using Azure because it gives us more control over the process and the version that we install, but the rest of the process in this post will work fine using either Azure Blob storage or the public download URL from the Gimp servers.
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Step 3 – Write the bash script to download and install Gimp
Open the installGimp.sh file in Visual Studio Code. The bits we might want to change are shown on lines 20-27. These variables control how the script will behave. Let’s look at them in some more detail.
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\n# User Defined variables\nweburl=\"https://neiljohn.blob.core.windows.net/macapps/gimp.dmg\"\nappname=\"Gimp\"\napp=\"Gimp.app\"\nlogandmetadir=\"/Library/Logs/Microsoft/IntuneScripts/installGimp\"\nprocesspath=\"/Applications/Gimp.app/Contents/MacOS/gimp\"\nterminateprocess=\"false\"\nautoupdate=”false”\n
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weburl is the http URL of the installation files that we need. In this example we are using Azure Blob storage to host the file, but it could be any http endpoint that will be accessible from the client. The script will attempt to autodetect the installer type based on the file that is downloaded.
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appname is mostly used in the log, but is also used to generate the metadata file path for storing the last updated date.
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app is the actual name of the Application. It is used by the script to check if the app is already installed. The script will copy the application files found on the DMG to /Applications/$app. The best way to find out what this should be set to is to install the application manually on your Mac and then run ls -la /Applications from a terminal prompt and use the same name in the app variable.
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logandmetadir is the directory that the script will use to store the installation log and to store the metadata for the last version update. This should be unique for each application that you deploy.
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processpath is used to check if the application is running or not. Mac applications have a strict directory format, so one of the quickest methods is to run ls -Fl /Applications/Gimp.app/Contents/MacOS/*. This will return a list of files. It's usually easy to guess which one is the main application by the name, such as in our case /Applications/Gimp.app/Contents/MacOS/gimp.
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terminateprocess is used to control what the script does if it finds the application is running. If this value is set to false, the script will check for the applications process and wait for it to be closed before installing. If the value is set to true, the script will detect that the application is running and terminate the main process before installing. For most end user applications leave this set to false.
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autoupdate is used to control how the script behaves when it’s run after the app is installed. If autoupdate is set to true the script will exit since it assumes that the app will handle updates itself. If set to false, the script will compare current and last update times on the URL header and update if there is a newer version.
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For this example, the only thing that you need to change here is the weburl to your Azure Blob storage location (or use the public download URL https://download.gimp.org/mirror/pub/gimp/v2.10/osx/gimp-2.10.22-x86_64-3.dmg). The rest of the script can be left as is, but it is a good idea to read through it to ensure that you understand what it does.
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Now that we have our script, we need to test it. The easiest way to do that is to run it on a test device.
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We need to make the script executable with chmod which we will run in a terminal window.
Next, we can give the script a test run to check that it works. We need to run it as root so don’t forget the sudo command.
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Neils-MacBook-Pro:Gimp % sudo ./installGimp.sh
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\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:12:42 BST | Creating [/Library/Logs/Microsoft/IntuneScripts/installGimp] to store logs\n\n##############################################################\n\n# Fri 9 Apr 2021 15:12:42 BST | Logging install of [Gimp] to [/Library/Logs/Microsoft/IntuneScripts/installGimp/Gimp.log]\n\n############################################################\n\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:12:42 BST | Checking if we need Rosetta 2 or not\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:12:42 BST | Waiting for other [/usr/sbin/softwareupdate] processes to end\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:12:42 BST | No instances of [/usr/sbin/softwareupdate] found, safe to proceed\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:12:42 BST | [Intel(R) Core(TM) i9-9880H CPU @ 2.30GHz] found, Rosetta not needed\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:12:42 BST | Checking if we need to install or update [Gimp]\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:12:42 BST | [Gimp] not installed, need to download and install\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:12:42 BST | Dock is here, lets carry on\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:12:42 BST | Starting downlading of [Gimp]\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:12:42 BST | Waiting for other [curl] processes to end\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:12:42 BST | No instances of [curl] found, safe to proceed\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:12:42 BST | Downloading Gimp\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:13:13 BST | Downloaded [Gimp.app] to [/var/folders/zz/zyxvpxvq6csfxvn_n0000000000000/T/tmp.WlgvmHH8/gimp.dmg]\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:13:13 BST | Detected install type as [DMG]\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:13:13 BST | Waiting for other [/Applications/Gimp.app/Contents/MacOS/gimp] processes to end\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:13:13 BST | No instances of [/Applications/Gimp.app/Contents/MacOS/gimp] found, safe to proceed\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:13:13 BST | Waiting for other [installer -pkg] processes to end\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:13:13 BST | No instances of [installer -pkg] found, safe to proceed\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:13:13 BST | Waiting for other [rsync -a] processes to end\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:13:13 BST | No instances of [rsync -a] found, safe to proceed\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:13:13 BST | Waiting for other [unzip] processes to end\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:13:13 BST | No instances of [unzip] found, safe to proceed\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:13:13 BST | Installing [Gimp]\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:13:13 BST | Mounting Image\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:13:30 BST | Copying app files to /Applications/Gimp.app\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:22:28 BST | Un-mounting [/var/folders/zz/zyxvpxvq6csfxvn_n0000000000000/T/tmp.WlgvmHH8/Gimp]\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:22:28 BST | [Gimp] Installed\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:22:28 BST | Cleaning Up\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:22:28 BST | Fixing up permissions\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:22:30 BST | Application [Gimp] succesfully installed\nFri 9 Apr 2021 15:22:31 BST | Writing last modifieddate [Tue, 06 Apr 2021 14:04:10 GMT] to [/Library/Logs/Microsoft/IntuneScripts/installGimp/Gimp.meta]\n
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Once that’s done, try to launch the Gimp application to check that it installed correctly and that it works. Press CMD+Space and type in ‘Gimp’, then press Return. The Gimp splash screen should appear, and the application should start.
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A screenshot of the GIMP splash screen
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Assuming everything went well to this point, all we need to do now is to deploy the script via Intune.
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Step 4 - Deploy the bash script via the Intune scripting agent.
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At this point we have a script that we’re confident works when we run it locally and so the next step is to upload it to Intune and assign it to some test users to check that it behaves as we expect when it’s run via the Intune Scripting Agent.
Under Required click Add group and search for an appropriate group to target the script to.\n
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Note: At this stage a test group would probably be wise.
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Click Next, review and then Add to complete the assignment.
Next, we need to find a test device that we can use to check the deployment on.
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Identify a test device that is enrolled into Intune as a user in the group that you assigned the script to.
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On that device press CMD+Space and type ‘Company Portal’ and press Enter.
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If prompted, click Sign In and enter the users’ credentials.
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In the Company Portal app, press Option+CMD+S to trigger a device check-in. Note, doing this on the device via Company Portal calls the script agent to check-in. Also, if you do this from the Microsoft Endpoint Manager admin center, the script agent will not check-in at the same time.
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The final step on the client Mac is to check that the app has installed, and we can launch it. Press CMD+Space and type \"Gimp\" and press Enter. The Gimp app should launch.
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An example of launching the Gimp app to validate app installation on a macOS device
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At this stage we’re happy that the script deploys the app successfully. All that is left is to set the assignment policy of the script to include all the users that you need to install the Gimp app to.
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Handling version updates
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Some apps handle updates automatically and some apps don’t. For this example, Gimp doesn’t automatically update so we’re going to need to handle that. Luckily, the example script already handles updates so all that we need to do is to upload a newer version of gimp.dmg to Blob storage or change the URL in the script to a newer version on the Gimp website. It’s really that simple.
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If you want more detail, when we created our script policy in Intune, we set the schedule to run every day. To prevent the script from installing Gimp every time it runs, there are a few functions to handle updates and downloads.
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updateCheck() This function first checks the autoupdate variable. If set to true and the app is already installed, the script exits, If set to false it compares the last-modified http header of the file that we downloaded to install last time against the current last-modified date of the download URL. If the dates are the same, the script drops out with nothing to do. If they are different, the script will attempt to download and install the update.
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waitForProcess() This function is called just before the app is installed. It pauses the script while the given process is running. If the app is running the script will wait until it is closed by the end user. The end user is not prompted, the script will run silently in the background. If you set terminateprocess=\"true\" the function will attempt to terminate the app.
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We can see these functions in action simply by running the script twice. On a test machine, if we download installGimp.sh and run it twice, during the second time through we’ll see the following log entry.
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\nNeils-MacBook-Pro:Gimp % % sudo ./installGimp.sh \n\n##############################################################\n# Tue 6 Apr 2021 14:46:09 BST | Logging install of [Gimp] to [/Library/Logs/Microsoft/IntuneScripts/installGimp/Gimp.log]\n############################################################\n\nTue 6 Apr 2021 14:46:09 BST | Checking if we need Rosetta 2 or not\nTue 6 Apr 2021 14:46:09 BST | [Intel(R) Core(TM) i9-9880H CPU @ 2.30GHz] found, Rosetta not needed\nTue 6 Apr 2021 14:46:09 BST | Checking if we need to install or update [Gimp]\nTue 6 Apr 2021 14:46:09 BST | [Gimp] already installed, let's see if we need to update\nTue 6 Apr 2021 14:46:10 BST | No update between previous [Tue, 06 Apr 2021 12:03:05 GMT] and current [Tue, 06 Apr 2021 12:03:05 GMT]\nTue 6 Apr 2021 14:46:10 BST | Exiting, nothing to do\n
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We can see from the log that there has been no update, so the script doesn’t re-install Gimp.
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To show the update process working, update the gimp.dmg file in Azure Blob storage. Repeat steps 1 and 2 above.
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Download the application DMG.
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Upload the DMG to Azure Blob storage.
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During step 2, make sure that you use the same file name and that you check the Overwrite if files already exist checkbox.
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A screenshot of the Overwrite if files already exist checkbox option in Intune
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Once the upload is complete, re-run the script on the test device.
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\nNeils-MacBook-Pro:Gimp % sudo ./installGimp.sh \n\n##############################################################\n# Tue 6 Apr 2021 15:05:23 BST | Logging install of [Gimp] to [/Library/Logs/Microsoft/IntuneScripts/installGimp/Gimp.log]\n############################################################\n\nTue 6 Apr 2021 15:05:23 BST | Checking if we need Rosetta 2 or not\nTue 6 Apr 2021 15:05:23 BST | [Intel(R) Core(TM) i9-9880H CPU @ 2.30GHz] found, Rosetta not needed\nTue 6 Apr 2021 15:05:23 BST | Checking if we need to install or update [Gimp]\nTue 6 Apr 2021 15:05:23 BST | [Gimp] already installed, let's see if we need to update\nTue 6 Apr 2021 15:05:23 BST | Update found, previous [Tue, 06 Apr 2021 12:03:05 GMT] and current [Tue, 06 Apr 2021 14:04:10 GMT]\nTue 6 Apr 2021 15:05:23 BST | Starting downlading of [Gimp]\nTue 6 Apr 2021 15:05:23 BST | Waiting for other Curl processes to end\nTue 6 Apr 2021 15:05:23 BST | No instances of Curl found, safe to proceed\nTue 6 Apr 2021 15:05:23 BST | Octory found, attempting to send status updates\nTue 6 Apr 2021 15:05:23 BST | Updating Octory monitor for [Gimp] to [installing]\nTue 6 Apr 2021 15:05:24 BST | Downloading Gimp\nTue 6 Apr 2021 15:06:00 BST | Downloaded [Gimp.app]\nTue 6 Apr 2021 15:06:00 BST | Checking if the application is running\nTue 6 Apr 2021 15:06:00 BST | [Gimp] isn't running, lets carry on\nTue 6 Apr 2021 15:06:00 BST | Installing [Gimp]\nTue 6 Apr 2021 15:06:00 BST | Octory found, attempting to send status updates\nTue 6 Apr 2021 15:06:00 BST | Updating Octory monitor for [Gimp] to [installing]\nTue 6 Apr 2021 15:06:00 BST | Mounting [/tmp/gimp.dmg] to [/tmp/Gimp]\nTue 6 Apr 2021 15:06:21 BST | Copying /tmp/Gimp/*.app to /Applications/Gimp.app\nTue 6 Apr 2021 15:15:43 BST | Un-mounting [/tmp/Gimp]\nTue 6 Apr 2021 15:15:44 BST | [Gimp] Installed\nTue 6 Apr 2021 15:15:44 BST | Cleaning Up\nTue 6 Apr 2021 15:15:44 BST | Fixing up permissions\nTue 6 Apr 2021 15:15:46 BST | Application [Gimp] succesfully installed\nTue 6 Apr 2021 15:15:46 BST | Writing last modifieddate [Tue, 06 Apr 2021 14:04:10 GMT] to [/Library/Logs/Microsoft/IntuneScripts/installGimp/Gimp.meta]\nTue 6 Apr 2021 15:15:46 BST | Octory found, attempting to send status updates\n
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Adapting the example script to something else: Yammer
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We have our Gimp script working as we want, but what about other installer files? In this example, we are going to look at modifying the InstallGimp.sh script to handle Yammer, which is also provided as a DMG file.
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The completed script for Yammer is available here. If we look at a comparison of changes between the installGimp.sh and installYammer.sh scripts, we can see that the only differences are on lines 21-27.
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Comparison of the changes between the installGimp.sh and installYammer.sh scripts
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The changes on line 6 are just a description of the script. Lines 20-27 are variables that are discussed in more detail in Step 3 above.
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\n# User Defined variables\nweburl=\"https://aka.ms/yammer_desktop_mac\"\nappname=\"Yammer\"\napp=\"Yammer.app\"\nlogandmetadir=\"/Library/Logs/Microsoft/IntuneScripts/installYammer\"\nprocesspath=\"/Applications/Yammer.app/Contents/MacOS/Yammer\"\nterminateprocess=\"false\"\nautoUpdate=”false”\n
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Note: That in this example we are not using Azure blob storage but, rather, the normal download URL for Yammer. After editing the script, we then follow the steps in Step 4 - Deploy the bash script via the Intune scripting agent above. Once deployed, we can go to the Mac and trigger a manual check-in and then check the logs on our target Mac.
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For Yammer, our new policy ID is: 010f31ef-1cfc-441b-a409-fc75e838c5d0
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From the IntuneMDMDaemon*.log file we see the following:
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\nIntuneMDM-Daemon | I | *10068 | ScriptPolicyHandler | Running script policy PolicyID: 010f31ef-1cfc-441b-a409-fc75e838c5d0\nIntuneMDM-Daemon | I | *10068 | ScriptPolicyHandler | Delivering user notification. PolicyID: 010f31ef-1cfc-441b-a409-fc75e838c5d0, BlockExecutionNotifications: true\nIntuneMDM-Daemon | I | 12959 | ScriptPolicyHandler | Script ran PolicyID: 010f31ef-1cfc-441b-a409-fc75e838c5d0, TotalRetries: 0, Status: Success, ExitCode: 0\nIntuneMDM-Daemon | I | 12959 | ScriptPolicyHandler | Script policy succeeded PolicyID: 010f31ef-1cfc-441b-a409-fc75e838c5d0, TotalRetries: 0, ExitCode: 0\nIntuneMDM-Daemon | I | 12959 | ScriptPolicyHandler | Adding script to scheduler PolicyID: 010f31ef-1cfc-441b-a409-fc75e838c5d0\n
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And from the /Library/Logs/Microsoft/IntuneScripts/installYammer/Yammer.log we see the following:
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\nSat 10 Apr 2021 17:38:30 BST | Creating [/Library/Logs/Microsoft/IntuneScripts/installYammer] to store logs\n \n##############################################################\n# Sat 10 Apr 2021 17:38:30 BST | Logging install of [Yammer] to [/Library/Logs/Microsoft/IntuneScripts/installYammer/Yammer.log]\n############################################################\n \nSat 10 Apr 2021 17:38:30 BST | Checking if we need Rosetta 2 or not\nSat 10 Apr 2021 17:38:30 BST | Waiting for other [/usr/sbin/softwareupdate] processes to end\nSat 10 Apr 2021 17:38:30 BST | No instances of [/usr/sbin/softwareupdate] found, safe to proceed\nSat 10 Apr 2021 17:38:30 BST | [Intel(R) Core(TM) i9-9880H CPU @ 2.30GHz] found, Rosetta not needed\nSat 10 Apr 2021 17:38:30 BST | Checking if we need to install or update [Yammer]\nSat 10 Apr 2021 17:38:30 BST | [Yammer] not installed, need to download and install\nSat 10 Apr 2021 17:38:30 BST | Dock is here, lets carry on\nSat 10 Apr 2021 17:38:30 BST | Starting downlading of [Yammer]\nSat 10 Apr 2021 17:38:30 BST | Waiting for other [curl] processes to end\nSat 10 Apr 2021 17:38:30 BST | No instances of [curl] found, safe to proceed\nSat 10 Apr 2021 17:38:30 BST | Downloading Yammer\nSat 10 Apr 2021 17:38:49 BST | Unknown file type [/var/folders/zz/zyxvpxvq6csfxvn_n0000000000000/T/tmp.U6LKs7Fb/yammer_desktop_mac], analysing metadata\nSat 10 Apr 2021 17:38:49 BST | Downloaded [Yammer.app] to [/var/folders/zz/zyxvpxvq6csfxvn_n0000000000000/T/tmp.U6LKs7Fb/install.dmg]\nSat 10 Apr 2021 17:38:49 BST | Detected install type as [DMG]\nSat 10 Apr 2021 17:38:49 BST | Waiting for other [/Applications/Yammer.app/Contents/MacOS/Yammer] processes to end\nSat 10 Apr 2021 17:38:49 BST | No instances of [/Applications/Yammer.app/Contents/MacOS/Yammer] found, safe to proceed\nSat 10 Apr 2021 17:38:49 BST | Installing [Yammer]\nSat 10 Apr 2021 17:38:49 BST | Mounting Image\nSat 10 Apr 2021 17:38:56 BST | Copying app files to /Applications/Yammer.app\nSat 10 Apr 2021 17:39:14 BST | Un-mounting [/var/folders/zz/zyxvpxvq6csfxvn_n0000000000000/T/tmp.U6LKs7Fb/Yammer]\nSat 10 Apr 2021 17:39:14 BST | [Yammer] Installed\nSat 10 Apr 2021 17:39:14 BST | Cleaning Up\nSat 10 Apr 2021 17:39:14 BST | Fixing up permissions\nSat 10 Apr 2021 17:39:14 BST | Application [Yammer] succesfully installed\n
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To validate the installation, launch the Yammer app by pressing CMD+Space and typing \"Yammer\" and then Enter. Assuming everything works as expected, the next step is to repeat step 4 above (Deploy the bash script with Intune Scripting Agent) and assign it to your users.
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What about other package types? APP or PKG?
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This approach can be used for any macOS installer that can be triggered from the shell. The script attempts to determine the correct installer type from the downloaded file.
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More examples using the same script can be found here:
The best way to get started is to download one of the example scripts and modify it for your application.
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Some of the examples use weburls on Azure blob storage and others pull directly from the source download sites (like Company Portal). The script uses curl -OJL <url> to download the installer and create the temp file.
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Note: If the app you are trying to deploy is provided to you as an .app file, you can compress the app into a ZIP and use the examples above.
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All the examples include a function to handle Rosetta 2 deployment for Apple Silicon devices. That means these scripts can be deployed straight to an M1 Mac and it will automatically handle the installation of Rosetta 2 so that the application can run.
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Troubleshooting
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Using the Microsoft Endpoint Manager admin center, troubleshoot scripting with the instructions provided below. Note: Intune also reports the status of each script in the UI.
Select Devices > macOS > Shell scripts and select the script you want to troubleshoot.
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Click on Device Status and then select the device you are troubleshooting.
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Click on Show details and Intune will display the last output from the script.
A screenshot of the example GIMP app Device status in Intune If we need more information, we can use the Intune script agent to gather logs from the Mac for us remotely.
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Click on Collect Logs and enter in the name of the log file you want to retrieve. In our example that is /Library/Logs/Microsoft/IntuneScripts/installGimp/Gimp.log.
A screenshot of the collecting logs example with the GIMP application in Intune.
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The next time that the script agent checks in (8 hour cycle), the logs will be returned to Intune. You can force this by having the end user open Company Portal and clicking CheckSettings.
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Note: On the device, in the IntuneMDMDaemon log file you can see log upload requests and completions by searching for \"LogUploadResultItem\".
\n IntuneMDM-Daemon | I | 255380 | PersistenceManager | Storing LogUploadResultItem\nIntuneMDM-Daemon | I | 256078 | PersistenceManager | Getting all LogUploadResultItem\nIntuneMDM-Daemon | I | *235677 | PersistenceManager | Deleting all LogUploadResultItem\nIntuneMDM-Daemon | I | 256953 | PersistenceManager | Getting all LogUploadResultItem
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Once the logs have been returned, the Download logs button will be shown. Click this to download the device logs as a zip file.
A screenshot of the \"Download logs\" button in Intune for the example.
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Inside the zip file will be the file we requested, plus the two Intune script agent (user) and daemon (root) logs, which are always returned.
A screenshot of example Downloaded logs from Intune.
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To make sense of the logs, it’s useful to know the policy ID of the script we are troubleshooting. We can get this from the Microsoft Endpoint Manager admin center.
Note: You can also view the logs directly on the Mac if you have access. Use Console again to view them.
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/Library/Logs/Microsoft/Intune[For scripts that do not run as the end user]
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~/Library/Logs/Microsoft/Intune[For scripts that do run as the end user]
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Script Log
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This is the log that is generated by each script so the output will be different depending on what you put in your script. The best way to view is in the Console app. Search for ‘Gimp’. The log file output should look very similar to the output we saw when we ran the script manually.
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A Example screenshot of filtering out the IntuneMDMDaemon*log on a macOS device.
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Version Reporting
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One of the biggest problems with this approach of app deployment is that apps deployed in this way do not show up in the ‘managed apps’ list for each managed Mac in Intune. To help mitigate this a little, we can use Intune’s custom attribute feature to run a shell script on the Mac and return the version of our app.
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We have an example custom attribute script to return the version of a Mac app here.
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To deploy the custom attribute script:
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\n\n
Download the example script to ~Downloads. Open in Visual Studio Code and modify/test as required.
Under Required click Add group and search for an appropriate group to target the script to.
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Click Next, review and then Add to complete the assignment.
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The next time that the Intune macOS script agent checks-in to Intune, it will run the script and return the value. To see a list of the returned values:
Select the custom attribute you created > Device Status
A screenshot of the previously created Custom attributes in Intune example.
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This report can be exported to a CSV file if required.
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\n
Obviously, this is a basic example, but it could be expanded to return any information that you can gather from a shell script.
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Summary
\n
Hopefully this blog and example scripts have provided some guidance around the possibilities of deploying apps via the Intune script agent and Azure Blob storage (or other web hosting sites).
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This approach is especially useful for applications that cannot be deployed via the other App deployment scenarios that Intune provides.
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Advantages
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Disadvantages
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\n
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Extremely flexible.
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No need for build certificate to sign custom packages.
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More detailed logging capabilities.
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Can handle dependencies (such as Rosetta on M1 devices).
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Requires some bash scripting skills.
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Apps deployed via this method don’t show up in \"Managed Apps\" UI in Intune. Can mitigate this somewhat with ‘custom attributes’.
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The scripts deployed run at your own risk and you are entirely responsible for them and any damage they may do.
Read this post to learn more about deploying macOS apps with the Intune scripting agent!
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Neil-Johnson , looks like the script is no longer hosted at its original location, could you reupload ?
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Yes, Neil-Johnson, you're correct. However, I haven't pushed any shell script. My tenant is new, and I've only enrolled the device through the Company Portal. I checked the Activity Monitor and could see IntuneMDMagent there. My question is, without configuring the shell script, how did I obtain IntuneMDMAgent? Also, I attempted to deploy Acrobat Reader, but encountered an error with the following code:
Error Code: 0x87D3013E Error Description: The DMG file doesn't contain any supported app. It must contain at least one .app file. Action Required: Ensure that the uploaded file contains one or more .app files.
If you have any insights or suggestions, I would greatly appreciate your input.
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Hey Naveen, the Intune agents are deployed automatically. The script agent gets pushed down whenever you have assigned a script to the device.
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Hello Neil-Johnson, could you please assist me with obtaining IntuneMDMagent? If you have any articles or resources for this, I would greatly appreciate it if you could share them.
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Hi Neil, thanks for the reply. I think that problem is that script do not copy installer.xml from mounted dmg file together with setup.app file. When I try to run setup locally with installer.xml file inside of folder where setup file is - it install Bitdefender without problem. When I move installer.xml file from that folder I got same error as I got displayed when I run your script:\"The configuration file is installer.xml is missing. Please try again. Error code: 2\"
Maybe this can help you. Can we try just with adding procedure that will copy this .xml file together with setup file?
Thanks!
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Hi Rom_Omney, i'm not sure why this would be the case. I'd suggest talking to the Zscaler team around how to script the installation of their client. They are an awesome team and i'm sure will help out.
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Thanks rtlominy, i'll pick up the discussion on github.
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Thanks sistemadmin, this looks like a more complex deployment model than the script handles. My recommendation is to discuss with Bitdefender for advice on how to script the installation.
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Dear Neil,
First of all I would like to thank you for sharing with us this awesome script, it really helped me.
I successfully used it for installation of Keka app, but I'm having problem with Bitdefender, maybe you can help me with it.
-Bitdefender: It did installed Bitdefender app, but when I start it it gives me error \"The configuration file is installer.xml is missing. Please try again. Error code: 2
This is bitdefender for organisations. When I mount dmg file there is a installer.xml (config) and setupdownloader.app file.
Can you help me with this?
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Thank you Neil-Johnson .. Worked for Gdrive and Adobe reader.. But not another program.. I submitted issue in github.. Thanks
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