Advancing Firmware Security: Fleet Visibility and New Capabilities in Firmware Analysis
When we announced general availability of firmware analysis enabled by Azure Arc last October, our goal was clear: help organizations gain deep visibility into the security of the firmware that powers their IoT, OT, and network devices. Since then, adoption has continued to grow as customers use firmware analysis to uncover vulnerabilities, inventory software components, and secure their software supply chain. Leading into the Hannover Messe (HMI) 2026 conference, we’re excited to share the next wave of firmware analysis capabilities, delivering enhancements that help customers connect firmware risk to real-world fleet impact, prioritize vulnerabilities more effectively, scale to larger and more complex firmware images, and expand security analysis for UEFI-based platforms. These updates are driven directly by customer feedback and by the rapidly evolving threat landscape facing embedded and edge devices. Connecting Firmware Risk to Your Deployed Fleet with Azure Device Registry (Preview) Securing connected devices doesn’t stop at identifying vulnerabilities in firmware—it requires understanding where those vulnerabilities exist in your deployed fleet and which devices are affected. We’re excited to announce a new preview integration between firmware analysis enabled by Azure Arc and Azure Device Registry, bringing fleet-level visibility of IoT and OT devices directly into the firmware analysis experience. This helps customers quickly understand how many devices and assets are running a given firmware image, and which ones may be exposed to known security issues. From firmware insights to fleet impact Firmware analysis helps customers uncover security risks hidden deep inside the firmware running IoT, OT, and network devices—risks such as known CVEs, outdated open-source components, weak cryptography, and insecure configurations. Until now, these insights were primarily scoped to the firmware image itself. With this new preview integration, firmware analysis now connects directly to Azure Device Registry, allowing customers to: See how many devices from IoT Hub integration with ADR (preview) and assets from Azure IoT Operations are associated with a specific analyzed firmware image Understand the real-world blast radius of vulnerabilities discovered in firmware Quickly identify which devices may require patching, mitigation, or isolation This preview bridges an important gap between security analysis and operational decision-making. What’s included in this preview With this release, we’re introducing new fleet-level context directly into the firmware analysis experience: A new Devices + Assets count column in the firmware analysis workspace showing how many Azure Device Registry devices and assets are running each analyzed firmware image A click-through experience that lets users view the list of affected devices and assets in Azure Device Registry Visibility spanning both: Devices connected via IoT Hub Assets managed through Azure IoT Operations This information is derived by correlating firmware metadata with device and asset inventory in Azure Device Registry, giving customers immediate insight into deployment exposure. Key use cases Identify vulnerable devices at scale: When critical CVEs are discovered in a firmware image, customers can immediately see how many deployed devices are impacted—without manually correlating spreadsheets, tools, or inventories. Prioritize remediation actions: With fleet visibility, teams can decide whether to patch devices, temporarily isolate affected devices from the network, or disable devices that pose unacceptable risk. Bridge security and operations teams: Security teams gain clear insight into where vulnerabilities exist, while operations teams can quickly act on specific devices and assets—all within the Azure portal. This integration is especially valuable in environments where downtime, safety, or regulatory compliance matter—such as manufacturing, energy, telecommunications, and critical infrastructure. Prioritizing Vulnerabilities with Enhanced CVE Metadata (Preview) The number of publicly disclosed vulnerabilities continues to rise year over year, making it increasingly difficult for security teams to determine which CVEs truly require urgent action. Simply knowing that a vulnerability exists is no longer enough—teams need context to prioritize remediation efforts. With this release, firmware analysis now provides richer metadata for each discovered CVE, helping customers focus on vulnerabilities that pose the greatest real-world risk. New CVE metadata includes: CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) status – Indicates whether a CVE is listed in the CISA KEV catalog, signaling that the vulnerability is actively exploited in the wild. EPSS score (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) – A data-driven probability score that estimates the likelihood of a vulnerability being exploited in the next 30 days, complementing traditional severity metrics by focusing on exploitation likelihood rather than impact alone. Additional vulnerability context, including CVSS vectors and base scores, CWE classifications, and expanded metadata to support filtering and analysis. Together, these enhancements make it easier to triage findings, align remediation with risk, and communicate priorities across security, engineering, and product teams. Faster Performance for Large and Complex Firmware Images As firmware analysis adoption has grown, we’ve seen customers analyze increasingly large and complex firmware images—particularly in domains like networking equipment, where a single image can generate thousands of findings. To support these scenarios, we’ve made architectural enhancements to the service that significantly improve performance when working with large result sets. Key improvements include: Up to 90% reduction in load times of analysis results, especially for firmware images producing 10,000+ findings More responsive filtering and exploration of results These changes ensure that firmware analysis remains fast and usable at scale, even for complex network and infrastructure firmware images. Expanding UEFI Firmware Analysis (Preview) Modern devices increasingly rely on UEFI firmware as a foundational security boundary. In this release, we’re expanding our UEFI analysis capabilities to provide deeper visibility into UEFI executables and components. New UEFI-focused capabilities include: Detection of OpenSSL libraries and related CVEs within UEFI firmware Binary hardening analysis for UEFI executables, including detection of proper configuration of Data Execution Prevention (DEP) memory protection Continued support for discovering cryptographic material in UEFI images, including embedded certificates and keys This preview allows customers to evaluate the new capabilities, provide feedback, and help shape future enhancements in this area. Note: UEFI SBOM and binary analysis features are currently in preview and intended for evaluation and feedback. Bulk Export of Analysis Results for Supply Chain Collaboration We also recently released a highly requested feature that makes it easier to share firmware analysis results with partners and suppliers. Customers can now: Bulk download analysis results across one or more firmware images Export results as CSV files packaged into a ZIP archive This capability simplifies workflows such as sharing findings with device manufacturers or firmware suppliers, integrating results into downstream analysis or reporting pipelines, and supporting software supply chain security and compliance processes. Looking Ahead We’re excited about the progress we’ve made with this release and what it means for customers securing IoT, OT, and network devices. From connecting firmware risk to fleet-level impact with Azure Device Registry, to richer vulnerability prioritization, improved scalability, and deeper UEFI analysis—these enhancements reinforce firmware analysis as a critical tool for addressing some of the most challenging blind spots in modern infrastructure security. Firmware security is foundational to trustworthy systems—especially as edge devices continue to play a central role in industrial operations, networking, and data collection. If you’re already using firmware analysis and Azure Device Registry, the ADR integration preview will appear directly within the firmware analysis experience as it rolls out. We look forward to your feedback as we continue building secure, observable, and manageable digital operations with Azure. As always, we value your feedback, so please let us know what you think.Firmware Analysis now Generally Available
Back in June, we announced the public preview of firmware analysis, a new capability available through Azure Arc to help organizations gain visibility into the security of their Internet of Things (IoT), Operational Technology (OT), and network devices. Today, we are excited to announce that firmware analysis is generally available (GA) for all Azure customers. In modern industrial environments, firmware security is a foundational requirement. IoT sensors and smart devices collect the data fueling AI-driven insights; if those devices aren’t secure, your data and operational continuity are at risk. During the preview, we heard from many customers who used firmware analysis to shine a light into their device software and address hidden vulnerabilities before attackers or downtime could strike. With general availability, firmware analysis is ready to help organizations fortify the “blind spots” in their infrastructure – from factory-floor sensors to branch office routers – by analyzing the software that runs on those devices. What Firmware Analysis Does for You Firmware analysis examines the low-level software (firmware) that powers IoT, OT and network devices, with no agent required on the device. You can upload a firmware image (for example, an extracted embedded Linux image), and the cloud service performs an automated security inspection. Key features include: Software inventory & vulnerability scanning: The service builds a Software Bill of Materials (SBOM) of components within the firmware and checks each component against known CVEs (Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures). This quickly surfaces any known vulnerabilities in your device’s software stack so you can prioritize patching those issues. Security configuration and hardening check: Firmware analysis evaluates how the firmware binaries are built, looking for security hardening measures (e.g. stack protections, ASLR) or dangerous configurations. If certain best practices are missing, the firmware might be easier to exploit – the tool flags this to inform the device manufacturer or your security team. Credential and secrets discovery: The analysis finds any hard-coded credentials (user accounts/password hashes) present in the firmware, as well as embedded cryptographic material like SSL/TLS certificates or keys. These could pose serious risks – for instance, default passwords that attackers could exploit (recall the Mirai botnet using factory-default creds) are identified so you can mitigate them. Any discovered certificates or keys can indicate potentially insecure design if left in production firmware. Comprehensive report: All security findings – from the Software Bill of Materials (SBOM), list of vulnerabilities to hardening recommendations and exposed secrets – are provided in a detailed report for each firmware image analyzed. This gives device makers and operators actionable intelligence to improve their device security posture. In short, firmware analysis provides deep insights into the contents and security quality of device firmware. It turns opaque firmware into transparent data, helping you answer, “What’s really inside my device software?” so you can address weaknesses proactively. What’s New and Licensing We’ve been hard at work making firmware analysis even better as we move to GA. Based on preview feedback, we’ve addressed bugs, implemented usability suggestions and improved the firmware analysis SDKs, CLI and PowerShell extensions. A new Azure resource called “firmware workspace” now stores analyzed firmware images. Firmware analysis workspaces are currently available as a Free Firmware Analysis Workspace SKU with capacity limits. Getting Started If you have IoT, OT and network devices in your environment, use firmware analysis to test just how secure your devices are. Getting started is easy: access firmware analysis by searching “firmware analysis” in the Azure portal, or access using this link. Onboard your subscription and then upload firmware images for analysis. For a step-by-step tutorial, visit our official documentation. The service currently supports embedded Linux-based images up to 1GB in size. We want to thank all the preview participants who tested firmware analysis and provided feedback. You helped us refine the service for GA and we’re thrilled to make this powerful tool broadly available to help secure IoT, OT and network devices around the world. We can’t wait to see how you put it to work. As always, we value your feedback, so please let us know what you think.How to Secure an IoT Solution: A Beginner's Guide
IoT security is crucial to protect against unauthorized access to IoT systems. A zero-trust security model ensures basic identity, device, and access security practices. Divide security into device, connection, and cloud security. Include hardware manufacturer, solution developer, deployer, and operator in your IoT security strategy. Microsoft Defender for IoT can provide additional security monitoring and recommendations. Ensure minimum hardware requirements and secure hardware for device security. Consider implementing encryption for data protection. Incorporate threat modeling into the design phase for comprehensive security.
