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Investigations

8 Topics

Detecting service account provisioning
Hi all I'm doing some research around the creation and enabling of old fashioned service accounts using MS Defender. I'm trying to achieve of coupe of things actually. I can detect LogonType of Service Service on MDE onboarded machines using the DeviceLogonEvents Table. But there are a few other things I would like to achieve 1.) Raise an alert when a domain account is granted the "Logon as a Service" right on any machine. 2.) When an account that has never logged on as service suddenly does so. 3.) Perhaps detect when a user account's ServicePrincipalName attribute is populayed or updated. So the service account logon query looks like this: DeviceLogonEvents | where Timestamp >= ago(30d) | where LogonType == "Service" or LogonType == "Batch" | where AccountDomain =~ "saica" | summarize count() by AccountName, DeviceName, LogonType | sort by count_ desc The other ones seem to be a bit trickier. Anyone got any ideas? I would rather not install the MMA agent every and ingest security event logs.
PeterJoInobits
Jun 25, 2024 Place Microsoft Defender for Identity
466Views
0likes
0Comments
Exclusions for Network Name Resolution
Hi all, I have deployed Defender for Identity in an infrastructure and now it has been discovered that the sensors are performing name resolution even on unknown IPs, e.g. a Linux-based honeypot that has no connection to the AD. Furthermore, according to the firewall, the sensors "scan" in larger packets, which in turn causes the firewall to alert. Does anyone know if it is possible to exclude certain IPs or ranges from the scan and is there any documentation on how the process works in detail? Thanks in advance
Solved
KappieKA
Sep 21, 2023 Place Microsoft Defender for Identity
1.2KViews
0likes
4Comments
Missing alerts from MDI, suspicious additions to sensitive groups
Hi there! Without going into specific details about how and what have happened I can clearly say that we are missing at least two alerts regarding suspicious additions to sensitive groups. What I can say is that we don't have any exclusions on that rule in MDI but still we had new members in one group without any alert. Can see the additions in the legacy portal (portal.atp.azure.com) but not classified as suspicious for some reason, meanwhile another addition to the same group raised an alert the day after. What can be the issue and how can make it so that it does not happen again?
Solved
denkajohansson
May 28, 2023 Place Microsoft Defender for Identity
3.9KViews
0likes
10Comments
Question on configuring SAM-R to enable lateral movement path detection
Hey Defender Peeps, Referring to this KB from MS -Configure SAM-R to enable lateral movement path detection - Microsoft Defender for Identity | Microsoft Learn Seeking some advice on "configuring SAM-R to enable lateral movement path detection in Microsoft Defender for Identity". Customer don't currently have the "Network access - Restrict clients allowed to make remote calls to SAM" policy defined within their environment, and unsure of the implication of doing so – assume by enabling the policy across their domain (excluding Domain Controllers) and adding the Directory Service account with Remote Access, any other accounts currently making remote calls to SAM will start failing?. The MS documentation around the policy setting itself mentions the ability to configure audit-only mode for the change, but applying that across the PROD environment means we'd be needing to look for 8 different event IDs across every server/workstation in every domain in order to figure out what other accounts are making remote calls to SAM and what (i.e. it will take a significant amount of time). Can someone advise what Best Practice would be followed for enabling the policy/what accounts should be added in addition to the Directory Service account? Any thoughts/advises are highly appreciated Thank you !!
manojviduranga
Mar 21, 2023 Place Microsoft Defender for Identity
2.5KViews
0likes
2Comments
Missing features in Security portal
With the Azure ATP portal we where able to do a lot more of investigation for on premises actions. We are in a large hybrid environment. Is there a way to access the old portal to get back that timeline for a user? The things we are missing out on currently that we found are the following: Password resets, where able to see that easy at the users timeline. Users being added to or removed from groups and who did it Failed logins to on premises resources You can no longer search for groups Can't export the same data as in the ATP portal. Some of us used this daily and are having trouble to figure out how to get the correct information now. I'm aware that we can see some of those things in the users audit logs for example but would be nice to be able to see it in the timeline as before.
Solved
denkajohansson
Mar 01, 2023 Place Microsoft Defender for Identity
3KViews
2likes
3Comments
Generating alerts in test lab
Hi All, I have set myself up a Defender test lab and I have my DC connected to Defender for Identity and I have 2 user machines that are onboarded to Defender for Endpoint. I also have all the relevant integrations in place with Azure Sentinel also configured. I am looking to start generating alerts by using various tools on my machines to recreate the kind of activity that would require investigation Does anyone know of any resources/guides that can teach me how to begin to perform activities that would generate these alerts. Like Lateral Movement and LDAP reconnaissance etc?
danb1967
Jul 06, 2022 Place Microsoft Defender for Identity
1.6KViews
0likes
1Comment
Isolate servers or users
Is there a mechanism to isolate servers or users from the ATP Dashboard? For example, if I get alerts on a user logging into an unauthorized resource, can I for a disconnect? Thanks
jbchris
Nov 30, 2021 Place Microsoft Defender for Identity
1KViews
0likes
1Comment
Investigating the Print Spooler EoP exploitation
Sharing a short attack simulation to show how analysts can mitigate intrusion events right from the Microsoft Defender for Endpoint alert page.
Yonit_Glozshtein
Mar 08, 2021 Place Microsoft Defender for Endpoint Blog
11KViews
2likes
0Comments

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provisioning","conversation":{"__ref":"Conversation:conversation:4175637"},"id":"message:4175637","revisionNum":1,"uid":4175637,"depth":0,"board":{"__ref":"Forum:board:AzureAdvancedThreatProtection"},"author":{"__ref":"User:user:522019"},"metrics":{"__typename":"MessageMetrics","views":466},"postTime":"2024-06-25T07:11:27.517-07:00","lastPublishTime":"2024-06-25T07:11:27.517-07:00","body@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"removeSpoilerMarkup\":true,\"removeTocMarkup\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})":" Hi all I'm doing some research around the creation and enabling of old fashioned service accounts using MS Defender. I'm trying to achieve of coupe of things actually. I can detect LogonType of Service Service on MDE onboarded machines using the DeviceLogonEvents Table. But there are a few other things I would like to achieve 1.) Raise an alert when a domain account is granted the \"Logon as a Service\" right on any machine. 2.) When an account that has never logged on as service suddenly does so. 3.) Perhaps detect when a user account's ServicePrincipalName attribute is populayed or updated. So the service account logon query looks like this: DeviceLogonEvents | where Timestamp >= ago(30d) | where LogonType == \"Service\" or LogonType == \"Batch\" | where AccountDomain =~ \"saica\" | summarize count() by AccountName, DeviceName, LogonType | sort by count_ desc The other ones seem to be a bit trickier. Anyone got any ideas? I would rather not install the MMA agent every and ingest security event logs. ","body@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"removeSpoilerMarkup\":true,\"removeTocMarkup\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})@stringLength":"1102","kudosSumWeight":0,"repliesCount":0,"readOnly":false,"images":{"__typename":"AssociatedImageConnection","edges":[],"totalCount":0,"pageInfo":{"__typename":"PageInfo","hasNextPage":false,"endCursor":null,"hasPreviousPage":false,"startCursor":null}},"videos":{"__typename":"VideoConnection","edges":[],"totalCount":0,"pageInfo":{"__typename":"PageInfo","hasNextPage":false,"endCursor":null,"hasPreviousPage":false,"startCursor":null}}},"Conversation:conversation:3934278":{"__typename":"Conversation","id":"conversation:3934278","topic":{"__typename":"ForumTopicMessage","uid":3934278},"lastPostingActivityTime":"2023-09-21T09:41:00.569-07:00","solved":true},"User:user:1163456":{"__typename":"User","uid":1163456,"login":"KappieKA","registrationData":{"__typename":"RegistrationData","status":null},"deleted":false,"avatar":{"__typename":"UserAvatar","url":"https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/s/gxcuf89792/images/dS0xMTYzNDU2LTUxMDExOGk3REM0MkE0RDAzQUE3OTMy"},"id":"user:1163456"},"ForumTopicMessage:message:3934278":{"__typename":"ForumTopicMessage","subject":"Exclusions for Network Name Resolution","conversation":{"__ref":"Conversation:conversation:3934278"},"id":"message:3934278","revisionNum":2,"uid":3934278,"depth":0,"board":{"__ref":"Forum:board:AzureAdvancedThreatProtection"},"author":{"__ref":"User:user:1163456"},"metrics":{"__typename":"MessageMetrics","views":1241},"postTime":"2023-09-21T06:27:23.995-07:00","lastPublishTime":"2023-09-21T06:28:10.647-07:00","body@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"removeSpoilerMarkup\":true,\"removeTocMarkup\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})":" Hi all, I have deployed Defender for Identity in an infrastructure and now it has been discovered that the sensors are performing name resolution even on unknown IPs, e.g. a Linux-based honeypot that has no connection to the AD. Furthermore, according to the firewall, the sensors \"scan\" in larger packets, which in turn causes the firewall to alert. Does anyone know if it is possible to exclude certain IPs or ranges from the scan and is there any documentation on how the process works in detail? Thanks in advance ","body@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"removeSpoilerMarkup\":true,\"removeTocMarkup\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})@stringLength":"539","kudosSumWeight":0,"repliesCount":4,"readOnly":false,"images":{"__typename":"AssociatedImageConnection","edges":[],"totalCount":0,"pageInfo":{"__typename":"PageInfo","hasNextPage":false,"endCursor":null,"hasPreviousPage":false,"startCursor":null}},"videos":{"__typename":"VideoConnection","edges":[],"totalCount":0,"pageInfo":{"__typename":"PageInfo","hasNextPage":false,"endCursor":null,"hasPreviousPage":false,"startCursor":null}}},"Conversation:conversation:3801106":{"__typename":"Conversation","id":"conversation:3801106","topic":{"__typename":"ForumTopicMessage","uid":3801106},"lastPostingActivityTime":"2023-05-28T07:36:13.343-07:00","solved":true},"User:user:602670":{"__typename":"User","uid":602670,"login":"denkajohansson","registrationData":{"__typename":"RegistrationData","status":null},"deleted":false,"avatar":{"__typename":"UserAvatar","url":"https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/s/gxcuf89792/m_assets/avatars/default/avatar-9.svg?time=0"},"id":"user:602670"},"ForumTopicMessage:message:3801106":{"__typename":"ForumTopicMessage","subject":"Missing alerts from MDI, suspicious additions to sensitive groups","conversation":{"__ref":"Conversation:conversation:3801106"},"id":"message:3801106","revisionNum":1,"uid":3801106,"depth":0,"board":{"__ref":"Forum:board:AzureAdvancedThreatProtection"},"author":{"__ref":"User:user:602670"},"metrics":{"__typename":"MessageMetrics","views":3942},"postTime":"2023-04-20T05:00:09.007-07:00","lastPublishTime":"2023-04-20T05:00:09.007-07:00","body@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"removeSpoilerMarkup\":true,\"removeTocMarkup\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})":" Hi there! Without going into specific details about how and what have happened I can clearly say that we are missing at least two alerts regarding suspicious additions to sensitive groups. What I can say is that we don't have any exclusions on that rule in MDI but still we had new members in one group without any alert. Can see the additions in the legacy portal (portal.atp.azure.com) but not classified as suspicious for some reason, meanwhile another addition to the same group raised an alert the day after. What can be the issue and how can make it so that it does not happen again? ","body@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"removeSpoilerMarkup\":true,\"removeTocMarkup\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})@stringLength":"646","kudosSumWeight":0,"repliesCount":10,"readOnly":false,"images":{"__typename":"AssociatedImageConnection","edges":[],"totalCount":0,"pageInfo":{"__typename":"PageInfo","hasNextPage":false,"endCursor":null,"hasPreviousPage":false,"startCursor":null}},"videos":{"__typename":"VideoConnection","edges":[],"totalCount":0,"pageInfo":{"__typename":"PageInfo","hasNextPage":false,"endCursor":null,"hasPreviousPage":false,"startCursor":null}}},"Conversation:conversation:3767252":{"__typename":"Conversation","id":"conversation:3767252","topic":{"__typename":"ForumTopicMessage","uid":3767252},"lastPostingActivityTime":"2023-03-21T06:05:04.025-07:00","solved":false},"User:user:9151":{"__typename":"User","uid":9151,"login":"manojviduranga","registrationData":{"__typename":"RegistrationData","status":null},"deleted":false,"avatar":{"__typename":"UserAvatar","url":"https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/s/gxcuf89792/images/dS05MTUxLTM4NzAxMmk1RDlGQzc5OTVBMDAyMjFF"},"id":"user:9151"},"ForumTopicMessage:message:3767252":{"__typename":"ForumTopicMessage","subject":"Question on configuring SAM-R to enable lateral movement path detection","conversation":{"__ref":"Conversation:conversation:3767252"},"id":"message:3767252","revisionNum":1,"uid":3767252,"depth":0,"board":{"__ref":"Forum:board:AzureAdvancedThreatProtection"},"author":{"__ref":"User:user:9151"},"metrics":{"__typename":"MessageMetrics","views":2516},"postTime":"2023-03-14T00:05:17.280-07:00","lastPublishTime":"2023-03-14T00:05:17.280-07:00","body@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"removeSpoilerMarkup\":true,\"removeTocMarkup\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})":" Hey Defender Peeps, Referring to this KB from MS -Configure SAM-R to enable lateral movement path detection - Microsoft Defender for Identity | Microsoft Learn Seeking some advice on \"configuring SAM-R to enable lateral movement path detection in Microsoft Defender for Identity\". Customer don't currently have the \"Network access - Restrict clients allowed to make remote calls to SAM\" policy defined within their environment, and unsure of the implication of doing so – assume by enabling the policy across their domain (excluding Domain Controllers) and adding the Directory Service account with Remote Access, any other accounts currently making remote calls to SAM will start failing?. The MS documentation around the policy setting itself mentions the ability to configure audit-only mode for the change, but applying that across the PROD environment means we'd be needing to look for 8 different event IDs across every server/workstation in every domain in order to figure out what other accounts are making remote calls to SAM and what (i.e. it will take a significant amount of time). Can someone advise what Best Practice would be followed for enabling the policy/what accounts should be added in addition to the Directory Service account? Any thoughts/advises are highly appreciated Thank you !! ","body@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"removeSpoilerMarkup\":true,\"removeTocMarkup\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})@stringLength":"1383","kudosSumWeight":0,"repliesCount":2,"readOnly":false,"images":{"__typename":"AssociatedImageConnection","edges":[],"totalCount":0,"pageInfo":{"__typename":"PageInfo","hasNextPage":false,"endCursor":null,"hasPreviousPage":false,"startCursor":null}},"videos":{"__typename":"VideoConnection","edges":[],"totalCount":0,"pageInfo":{"__typename":"PageInfo","hasNextPage":false,"endCursor":null,"hasPreviousPage":false,"startCursor":null}}},"Conversation:conversation:3753518":{"__typename":"Conversation","id":"conversation:3753518","topic":{"__typename":"ForumTopicMessage","uid":3753518},"lastPostingActivityTime":"2023-02-28T23:10:42.388-08:00","solved":true},"ForumTopicMessage:message:3753518":{"__typename":"ForumTopicMessage","subject":"Missing features in Security portal","conversation":{"__ref":"Conversation:conversation:3753518"},"id":"message:3753518","revisionNum":1,"uid":3753518,"depth":0,"board":{"__ref":"Forum:board:AzureAdvancedThreatProtection"},"author":{"__ref":"User:user:602670"},"metrics":{"__typename":"MessageMetrics","views":3017},"postTime":"2023-02-27T02:43:12.217-08:00","lastPublishTime":"2023-02-27T02:43:12.217-08:00","body@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"removeSpoilerMarkup\":true,\"removeTocMarkup\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})":" With the Azure ATP portal we where able to do a lot more of investigation for on premises actions. We are in a large hybrid environment. Is there a way to access the old portal to get back that timeline for a user? The things we are missing out on currently that we found are the following: Password resets, where able to see that easy at the users timeline. Users being added to or removed from groups and who did it Failed logins to on premises resources You can no longer search for groups Can't export the same data as in the ATP portal. Some of us used this daily and are having trouble to figure out how to get the correct information now. I'm aware that we can see some of those things in the users audit logs for example but would be nice to be able to see it in the timeline as before. ","body@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"removeSpoilerMarkup\":true,\"removeTocMarkup\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})@stringLength":"853","kudosSumWeight":2,"repliesCount":3,"readOnly":false,"images":{"__typename":"AssociatedImageConnection","edges":[],"totalCount":0,"pageInfo":{"__typename":"PageInfo","hasNextPage":false,"endCursor":null,"hasPreviousPage":false,"startCursor":null}},"videos":{"__typename":"VideoConnection","edges":[],"totalCount":0,"pageInfo":{"__typename":"PageInfo","hasNextPage":false,"endCursor":null,"hasPreviousPage":false,"startCursor":null}}},"Conversation:conversation:3553291":{"__typename":"Conversation","id":"conversation:3553291","topic":{"__typename":"ForumTopicMessage","uid":3553291},"lastPostingActivityTime":"2022-07-06T07:47:13.859-07:00","solved":false},"User:user:429751":{"__typename":"User","uid":429751,"login":"danb1967","registrationData":{"__typename":"RegistrationData","status":null},"deleted":false,"avatar":{"__typename":"UserAvatar","url":"https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/s/gxcuf89792/m_assets/avatars/default/avatar-3.svg?time=0"},"id":"user:429751"},"ForumTopicMessage:message:3553291":{"__typename":"ForumTopicMessage","subject":"Generating alerts in test lab","conversation":{"__ref":"Conversation:conversation:3553291"},"id":"message:3553291","revisionNum":1,"uid":3553291,"depth":0,"board":{"__ref":"Forum:board:AzureAdvancedThreatProtection"},"author":{"__ref":"User:user:429751"},"metrics":{"__typename":"MessageMetrics","views":1559},"postTime":"2022-06-27T02:52:47.935-07:00","lastPublishTime":"2022-06-27T02:52:47.935-07:00","body@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"removeSpoilerMarkup\":true,\"removeTocMarkup\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})":" Hi All, I have set myself up a Defender test lab and I have my DC connected to Defender for Identity and I have 2 user machines that are onboarded to Defender for Endpoint. I also have all the relevant integrations in place with Azure Sentinel also configured. I am looking to start generating alerts by using various tools on my machines to recreate the kind of activity that would require investigation Does anyone know of any resources/guides that can teach me how to begin to perform activities that would generate these alerts. Like Lateral Movement and LDAP reconnaissance etc? ","body@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"removeSpoilerMarkup\":true,\"removeTocMarkup\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})@stringLength":"618","kudosSumWeight":0,"repliesCount":1,"readOnly":false,"images":{"__typename":"AssociatedImageConnection","edges":[],"totalCount":0,"pageInfo":{"__typename":"PageInfo","hasNextPage":false,"endCursor":null,"hasPreviousPage":false,"startCursor":null}},"videos":{"__typename":"VideoConnection","edges":[],"totalCount":0,"pageInfo":{"__typename":"PageInfo","hasNextPage":false,"endCursor":null,"hasPreviousPage":false,"startCursor":null}}},"Conversation:conversation:876987":{"__typename":"Conversation","id":"conversation:876987","topic":{"__typename":"ForumTopicMessage","uid":876987},"lastPostingActivityTime":"2021-11-30T14:06:59.817-08:00","solved":false},"User:user:363955":{"__typename":"User","uid":363955,"login":"jbchris","registrationData":{"__typename":"RegistrationData","status":null},"deleted":false,"avatar":{"__typename":"UserAvatar","url":"https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/s/gxcuf89792/m_assets/avatars/default/avatar-12.svg?time=0"},"id":"user:363955"},"ForumTopicMessage:message:876987":{"__typename":"ForumTopicMessage","subject":"Isolate servers or users","conversation":{"__ref":"Conversation:conversation:876987"},"id":"message:876987","revisionNum":4,"uid":876987,"depth":0,"board":{"__ref":"Forum:board:AzureAdvancedThreatProtection"},"author":{"__ref":"User:user:363955"},"metrics":{"__typename":"MessageMetrics","views":1015},"postTime":"2019-09-26T06:28:05.070-07:00","lastPublishTime":"2021-11-30T14:06:59.817-08:00","body@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"removeSpoilerMarkup\":true,\"removeTocMarkup\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})":" Is there a mechanism to isolate servers or users from the ATP Dashboard? For example, if I get alerts on a user logging into an unauthorized resource, can I for a disconnect? \n \n Thanks ","body@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"removeSpoilerMarkup\":true,\"removeTocMarkup\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})@stringLength":"206","kudosSumWeight":0,"repliesCount":1,"readOnly":false,"images":{"__typename":"AssociatedImageConnection","edges":[],"totalCount":0,"pageInfo":{"__typename":"PageInfo","hasNextPage":false,"endCursor":null,"hasPreviousPage":false,"startCursor":null}},"videos":{"__typename":"VideoConnection","edges":[],"totalCount":0,"pageInfo":{"__typename":"PageInfo","hasNextPage":false,"endCursor":null,"hasPreviousPage":false,"startCursor":null}}},"Conversation:conversation:2166463":{"__typename":"Conversation","id":"conversation:2166463","topic":{"__typename":"BlogTopicMessage","uid":2166463},"lastPostingActivityTime":"2021-03-08T09:35:46.617-08:00","solved":false},"Category:category:microsoft-defender-for-endpoint":{"__typename":"Category","id":"category:microsoft-defender-for-endpoint","displayId":"microsoft-defender-for-endpoint"},"Blog:board:MicrosoftDefenderATPBlog":{"__typename":"Blog","id":"board:MicrosoftDefenderATPBlog","displayId":"MicrosoftDefenderATPBlog","nodeType":"board","conversationStyle":"BLOG","title":"Microsoft Defender for Endpoint Blog","shortTitle":"Microsoft Defender for Endpoint Blog","parent":{"__ref":"Category:category:microsoft-defender-for-endpoint"}},"User:user:960417":{"__typename":"User","uid":960417,"login":"Yonit_Glozshtein","registrationData":{"__typename":"RegistrationData","status":null},"deleted":false,"avatar":{"__typename":"UserAvatar","url":"https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/s/gxcuf89792/images/dS05NjA0MTctMjUzOTQ0aTkzMTFBRjQ1MzFDMThDRTE"},"id":"user:960417"},"AssociatedImage:{\"url\":\"https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/s/gxcuf89792/images/bS0yMTY2NDYzLTI1ODAxNmk4ODcxNTk1MjFGNDY3NEZE?revision=10\"}":{"__typename":"AssociatedImage","url":"https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/s/gxcuf89792/images/bS0yMTY2NDYzLTI1ODAxNmk4ODcxNTk1MjFGNDY3NEZE?revision=10","title":"spooler teaser 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the Print Spooler EoP exploitation","conversation":{"__ref":"Conversation:conversation:2166463"},"id":"message:2166463","revisionNum":10,"uid":2166463,"depth":0,"board":{"__ref":"Blog:board:MicrosoftDefenderATPBlog"},"author":{"__ref":"User:user:960417"},"teaser@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})":" \n Sharing a short attack simulation to show how analysts can mitigate intrusion events right from the Microsoft Defender for Endpoint alert page. ","introduction":"","metrics":{"__typename":"MessageMetrics","views":11247},"postTime":"2021-03-08T09:35:46.617-08:00","lastPublishTime":"2021-03-08T09:35:46.617-08:00","body@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"removeSpoilerMarkup\":true,\"removeTocMarkup\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})":" We are excited to share a short attack simulation to highlight how Microsoft Defender for Endpoint can alert analysts for every suspicious system event that’s related to an intrusion and how analysts can mitigate the attacker’s actions right from the alert page. We’ve chosen a relatively straightforward exploitation scenario which we believe still carries significant risk for organizations that have not been able to update their operating systems. In this scenario, we use the updated Microsoft Defender for Endpoint alert page, which has features to make the investigation experience better and more effective. \n \n SafeBreach, one of our evaluation lab partners for breach and attack simulation solutions, discovered an elevation of privilege vulnerability in the Windows print spooler mechanism. This vulnerability, assigned CVE-2020-1048[i], has already been patched. However, it remains an \n interesting case study because of the prevalence of the print spooler mechanism, and the vulnerability’s involvement in a widely covered high-profile attack in the past. \n \n The actual exploitation details have already been discussed extensively in other blogs, but in summary, this vulnerability allows an unprivileged user to modify a file that they should not have been able to access, or to create a file in a folder they should not have write access to. \n \n \n \n Figure 1. Attack phases of a sample attack using CVE-2020-1048 \n \n The print spooler is a Windows component that manages the printing process and runs with system privileges. Specifically, it can write or modify files in the System32 folder. Since this is a common service that comes preinstalled, any suspicious activity initiated by the spooler might be easily missed. \n \n Unprivileged users could easily add new printers in Windows. Every printer is then associated to a port. The catch is that the printer port, instead of being an actual port, could instead be a path to a file. When the port is a file path, the printer creates a file on the file system and prints content to it. Before the vulnerability was patched, this means that any user could print to folders they don’t have access to. \n \n Malicious actors can thus use this vulnerability to create a malicious DLL, for instance, print it to the system folder, and wait for the system to run it in a classic DLL hijacking attack. We will use this scenario in our simulation. \n \n Microsoft Defender for Endpoint blocks, detects, and remediates the attack. This blog will cover the phases of the attack and how Defender for Endpoint correlates these to a single view of an incident, providing the full context of the related alerts, impacted entities, and the investigation. \n \n \n \n Figure 2. The incident page providing the full context of the attack \n \n \n \n \n Figure 3. Detailed alert story showing steps of the attack and affected assets \n \n \n Step 1: Add a new printer and a printer port \n \n Let’s say an attacker was able to determine that one of the devices in our fictional network has not yet been patched for CVE-2020-1048 and was able to log on to the device through an effective social engineering lure. The first phase of our exploitation scenario is for the attacker to add a new printer on this device called MS Publisher Color Printer. It is then associated to a new printer port which points to our targeted system file c:\\windows\\system32\\wbem\\browcli.dll. \n \n \n Figure 4. Printer and port creation \n \n \n \n Figure 5. device timeline event showing the printer port was added \n \n \n In the background, whenever a printer port is added, the spooler service adds a registry key containing the value of the path the user pointed to and where they would like to insert content. Since Defender for Endpoint monitors registry operations, it will detect this action as a suspicious registry activity right off the bat. The analyst will see the following alert: \n \n \n Figure 6. Alert flagging suspicious registry entry \n \n \n Step 2: Print content to a restricted file \n \n Typically, when a regular user creates a print job, the print job will be stored by the print spooler service (spoolsv.exe) to a dedicated folder, System32\\SPOOL\\Printers, as two files: the file, which contains the content to be printed, and the shadow job file (SHD), which contains the metadata of the print job, including the path of the printer port that was created. This same behavior is taken advantage of in this attack. \n \n \n Figure 7. Print job creation \n \n \n The core of this vulnerability is that through adding a printer port that points to the SYSTEM folder and by rebooting the spooler service, the attacker gets to run its malicious file when the spooler reloads, running as SYSTEM, and \"prints\" to the folder specified in the printer port. \n \n SafeBreach Labs created proof-of-concept code on GitHub to generate one such crafted SHD file. \n \n \n Figure 8. Sample SHD file \n \n \n Now the attacker simply needs to wait for the print spooler to be initialized after a reboot. The print spooler then does its regular function of enumerating the SHD files folder so that it can process any remaining print jobs. \n \n \n Figure 9. Print spooler enumerates unprocessed print jobs \n \n \n In our exploitation scenario, the attacker was able to write arbitrary data to the path of the printer port which the attacker should not have had write access to. Just by copying the crafted SHD and SPL files and waiting for the system to reboot, the attacker achieved an elevation of privilege. \n \n \n Figure 10. Attacker copies crafted print jobs files which triggers the vulnerability. \n \n \n Fortunately, analysts will be made aware that this step was performed on the system because Defender for Endpoint will trigger and alert for the file creation of browcli.dll by the print spooler service. \n \n \n Figure 11. Alerts flagging suspicious file creation \n \n \n Step 3: Perform DLL hijacking \n \n In Windows environments, when an application or a service starts, it first loads several dependencies, also known as DLLs, to function properly. If these dependencies don’t exist or are implemented in an insecure way, attackers could load and execute their malicious DLL instead. \n \n In our attack scenario, the elevation of privilege allows code execution using DLL search order hijacking. The DLL actually contains a stager payload which reflectively (in-memory) loads a Meterpreter Reverse TCP shellcode over a TCP socket. \n \n Once Windows is restarted, the WMI service (which is running as NT AUTHORITY\\SYSTEM) will execute the browcli.dll library from the C:\\Windows\\System32\\wbem folder, resulting in a reverse Meterpreter shell. This provides the attacker the ability to remotely steal information and propagate throughout more computers in the network, among others. The service executes the DLL every time the system reboots, so the attacker can use the vulnerability to elevate privileges. \n \n In this case, thanks to the Defender for Endpoint registry, file, and load image sensors, we produced strong detection logic to identify suspicious behaviors indicating any attempt to exploit the vulnerability. At this point, the analyst assigned to this set of alerts will see the following alert story: \n \n \n Figure 12. Alerts flagging suspicious ‘Meterpreter’ payload in memory \n \n \n Please note that in this specific case we used an un-patched device, with the AV in passive-mode for the purpose of the simulation. If Defender AV was enabled, it would have blocked the malware before execution. \n \n \n Figure 13. malicious ‘Meterpreter’ activity blocked by Defender AV \n \n \n Seeing the attack story in one view \n \n On top of the individual suspicious event detection, Defender for Endpoint provides an extensive attack storytelling capability. The incident page is the first stop of the security analyst, where they can learn about the scope of the attack, the related alerts, and the impacted entities across the organization, together with a full context of the investigation and remediation actions. \n \n Diving in the new alert page, the full story of the suspicious registry activity by the printer port (detected by the EDR) followed by the Meterpreter file creation and the file loading events (detected by the AV) will be shown in the same detailed page, making the investigation more efficient and providing a better understanding of why the alerts were triggered—along with their impact. \n \n \n \n Figure 14. Analyst’s first stop - the incident page \n \n \n \n \n Figure 15. Full alert story of each step of the attack \n \n \n This view of the correlation provides a full visualization of the attack goals and activities. The security operations team can clearly see that the alerts are related to the same sequence of events and thus can respond with the full attack context in mind. \n \n The analyst can then drill down into the DLL tile, which is the malicious binary in this scenario, and see all the relevant details and actions, within the context of the investigation. Likewise, each tile in the alert story is expandable and shows more details in the side pane when clicked. Alert tiles are also actionable. By clicking on the \"...\" icon, available actions will be provided directly from the process tree. \n \n \n Figure 16. Available actions provided directly from the alert story \n \n \n By opening the automated investigation page, available both in the incident and the alert pages, the analyst can get a better understanding of the actions that were taken on the device, which assets where involved, and get all the related evidence. \n \n \n Figure 17. Alert details and actions \n \n \n \n \n Figure 18. Automated investigation remediates and quarantines the malicious file \n \n \n Searching for the vulnerability in Weaknesses page in Threat and Vulnerability Management will also help to identify all the other devices that might be vulnerable to spooler EoP: \n \n Figure 19. Exposed devices in weaknesses page \n \n \n Furthermore, the details pane provides information about which MITRE ATT&CK technique was used in each step. These are incredibly useful in post-activity learning in incident response as it identifies which gaps exist in the current configuration of the network so the analyst can make recommendations to admins to improve security to avoid or lessen the impact of the next attack. \n \n \n Figure 20. MITRE ATT&CK techniques and alerts flagged for each attacker step \n \n \n As you have seen, using the SafeBreach attack simulations, Defender for Endpoint was able to detect the attack across the different kill-chain stages, provide a full investigation experience across detection and protection, including all data needed and by that telling the full alert story. The security operations team can explore all relevant details and take action on each related entity—without leaving the context of the alert investigation, designed to make the investigation experience efficient and easy. \n \n To learn more about the new alert page, please read our documentation and blog post. \n \n If you’re not yet taking advantage of Microsoft Defender for Endpoint’s industry leading security optics and detection capabilities, we encourage you to sign up for a free trial today. \n \n \n Peleg Hadar SafeBreach Labs \n Charles-Edouard Bettan & Yonit Glozshtein Microsoft Defender for Endpoint team \n ______________________________________________________________________________________ \n \n [i] Microsoft released fixes to address fix bypasses to CVE-2020-1048. These were documented as CVE-2020-1337 and CVE-2020-17001. While we are not discussing the details of those CVEs, the detection for CVE-2020-1048 also detects attempts to exploit CVE-2020-1337 and CVE-2020-17001. \n \n \n \n \n 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