Windows Server 2016, debuts the birth of site-aware clusters.
","body":"Windows Server 2016, debuts the birth of site-aware clusters. Nodes in stretched clusters can now be grouped based on their physical location (site). Cluster site-awareness enhances key operations during the cluster lifecycle such as failover behavior, placement policies, heartbeating between the nodes and quorum behavior. In the remainder of this blog I will explain how you can configure sites for your cluster, the notion of a “preferred site” and how site awareness manifests itself in your cluster operations.
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Please note that when talking about sites, we are talking about stretching a cluster between two locations. In the case of Storage Spaces Direct, we have not tested, nor do we support nodes of the same Storage Spaces Direct cluster to be in different locations (sites).
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A node’s site membership can be configured by setting the Site node property to a unique numerical value.
For example, in a four node cluster with nodes - Node1, Node2, Node3 and Node4, to assign the nodes to Sites 1 and Site 2, do the following:
#Create Site Fault Domains\n
New-ClusterFaultDomain –Name Seattle –Type Site –Description “Primary” –Location “Seattle DC”
New-ClusterFaultDomain –Name Denver –Type Site –Description “Secondary” –Location “Denver DC”
#Set Fault Domain membership
Set-ClusterFaultDomain –Name Node1 –Parent Seattle
Set-ClusterFaultDomain –Name Node2 –Parent Seattle
Set-ClusterFaultDomain –Name Node3 –Parent Denver
Set-ClusterFaultDomain –Name Node4 –Parent Denver
Configuring sites enhances the operation of your cluster in the following ways:
\n
Storage Affinity
Virtual Machines (VMs) follow storage and are placed in same site where their associated storage resides. VMs will begin live migrating to the same site as their associated CSV after 1 minute of the storage being moved.
Cross-Site Heartbeating
You now have the ability to configure the thresholds for heartbeating between sites. These thresholds are controlled by the following new cluster properties:
\n Property \n | \n\n Default Value \n | \n\n Description \n | \n
\n CrossSiteDelay \n | \n\n 1000 \n | \n\n Amount of time between each heartbeat sent to nodes on dissimilar sites in milliseconds \n | \n
\n CrossSiteThreshold \n | \n\n 20 \n | \n\n Missed heartbeats before interface considered down to nodes on dissimilar sites \n | \n
To configure the above properties launch PowerShell © as an Administrator and type:
(Get-Cluster).CrossSiteDelay = <value>\n
(Get-Cluster).CrossSiteThreshold = <value>
You can find more information on other properties controlling failover clustering heartbeating here .
The following rules define the applicability of the thresholds controlling heartbeating between two cluster nodes:
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In addition to configuring the site a cluster node belongs to, a “Preferred Site” can be configured for the cluster. The Preferred Site is a preference for placement. The Preferred Site will be your Primary datacenter site.
Before the Preferred Site can be configured, the site being chosen as the preferred site needs to be assigned to a set of cluster nodes. To configure the Preferred Site for a cluster, launch PowerShell © as an Administrator and type:
(Get-Cluster).PreferredSite = <Site assigned to a set of cluster nodes>\n
Configuring a Preferred Site for your cluster enhances operation in the following ways:
\n\n
Cold Start
During a cold start VMs are placed in in the preferred site
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Quorum
\n Preferred Site and Multi-master Datacenters
The Preferred Site can also be configured at the granularity of a cluster group i.e. a different preferred site can be configured for each group. This enables a datacenter to be active and preferred for specific groups/VMs.
To configure the Preferred Site for a cluster group, launch PowerShell © as an Administrator and type:
(Get-ClusterGroup -Name <GroupName>).PreferredSite = <Site assigned to a set of cluster nodes>\n
Placement Priority
Groups in a cluster are placed based on the following site priority:
\n
Fault Domains are being introduced for clustering in Windows Server 2016, which provide Node, Chasse, Rack, and Site awareness. See this blog as well as the below video's to learn more about this new feature: https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server-docs/storage/storage-spaces/fault-domains-windows-server-2016
\n\n
Windows Server 2016, debuts the birth of site-aware clusters. Nodes in stretched clusters can now be grouped based on their physical location (site). Cluster site-awareness enhances key operations during the cluster lifecycle such as failover behavior, placement policies, heartbeating between the nodes and quorum behavior. In the remainder of this blog I will explain how you can configure sites for your cluster, the notion of a “preferred site” and how site awareness manifests itself in your cluster operations.
\n\n
Please note that when talking about sites, we are talking about stretching a cluster between two locations. In the case of Storage Spaces Direct, we have not tested, nor do we support nodes of the same Storage Spaces Direct cluster to be in different locations (sites).
\n\n
\n
A node’s site membership can be configured by setting the Site node property to a unique numerical value.
For example, in a four node cluster with nodes - Node1, Node2, Node3 and Node4, to assign the nodes to Sites 1 and Site 2, do the following:
#Create Site Fault Domains\n
New-ClusterFaultDomain –Name Seattle –Type Site –Description “Primary” –Location “Seattle DC”
New-ClusterFaultDomain –Name Denver –Type Site –Description “Secondary” –Location “Denver DC”
#Set Fault Domain membership
Set-ClusterFaultDomain –Name Node1 –Parent Seattle
Set-ClusterFaultDomain –Name Node2 –Parent Seattle
Set-ClusterFaultDomain –Name Node3 –Parent Denver
Set-ClusterFaultDomain –Name Node4 –Parent Denver
Configuring sites enhances the operation of your cluster in the following ways:
\n
Storage Affinity
Virtual Machines (VMs) follow storage and are placed in same site where their associated storage resides. VMs will begin live migrating to the same site as their associated CSV after 1 minute of the storage being moved.
Cross-Site Heartbeating
You now have the ability to configure the thresholds for heartbeating between sites. These thresholds are controlled by the following new cluster properties:
\n Property \n | \n\n Default Value \n | \n\n Description \n | \n
\n CrossSiteDelay \n | \n\n 1000 \n | \n\n Amount of time between each heartbeat sent to nodes on dissimilar sites in milliseconds \n | \n
\n CrossSiteThreshold \n | \n\n 20 \n | \n\n Missed heartbeats before interface considered down to nodes on dissimilar sites \n | \n
To configure the above properties launch PowerShell © as an Administrator and type:
(Get-Cluster).CrossSiteDelay = <value>\n
(Get-Cluster).CrossSiteThreshold = <value>
You can find more information on other properties controlling failover clustering heartbeating here .
The following rules define the applicability of the thresholds controlling heartbeating between two cluster nodes:
\n
In addition to configuring the site a cluster node belongs to, a “Preferred Site” can be configured for the cluster. The Preferred Site is a preference for placement. The Preferred Site will be your Primary datacenter site.
Before the Preferred Site can be configured, the site being chosen as the preferred site needs to be assigned to a set of cluster nodes. To configure the Preferred Site for a cluster, launch PowerShell © as an Administrator and type:
(Get-Cluster).PreferredSite = <Site assigned to a set of cluster nodes>\n
Configuring a Preferred Site for your cluster enhances operation in the following ways:
\n\n
Cold Start
During a cold start VMs are placed in in the preferred site
\n
Quorum
\n Preferred Site and Multi-master Datacenters
The Preferred Site can also be configured at the granularity of a cluster group i.e. a different preferred site can be configured for each group. This enables a datacenter to be active and preferred for specific groups/VMs.
To configure the Preferred Site for a cluster group, launch PowerShell © as an Administrator and type:
(Get-ClusterGroup -Name <GroupName>).PreferredSite = <Site assigned to a set of cluster nodes>\n
Placement Priority
Groups in a cluster are placed based on the following site priority:
\n
Fault Domains are being introduced for clustering in Windows Server 2016, which provide Node, Chasse, Rack, and Site awareness. See this blog as well as the below video's to learn more about this new feature: https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server-docs/storage/storage-spaces/fault-domains-windows-server-2016
\n\n
Windows Server 2016, debuts the birth of site-aware clusters.
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