Hi Nino,
I have a case open with support, I can email you the case number privately if you'd like. We've experienced extreme Outlook slowness/poor connectivity since installing Exchange 2016 CU21. Disabling AMSI has resolved the symptoms, but I'd love to see the problem resolved rather than disable an important feature.
I use Sophos, but I've seen mentions on forums of users with other AV products having the same issue.
First mention I found, sorry it's in German but easy to translate: Exchange 2016/2019: AMSI integration causes problems with Outlook - Frankys Web
Note that remarking out the AMSI lines in the web.config did not solve the problem for me, only disabling AMSI in the Sophos product.
There are a couple of mentions in this reddit thread: June Updates for Exchange 2016 and 2019 Released : exchangeserver (reddit.com)