Need help to figure the solution for recent vulnerabilities report in my DB host server.

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this is my current DB version Microsoft SQL Server 2019 (RTM-CU23) (KB5030333) - 15.0.4335.1 (X64).

MaheshKS 

 Where is that report from?

I don't understand what it's like to tell use. For me the report is a bit confusing.

But your patch level RTM-CU23 is fine, see 

Microsoft SQL Server Versions List (sqlserverbuilds.blogspot.com)