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Forum Discussion

mkg310

Copper Contributor

Mar 21, 2025

Issue with Custom Domain on APIM and Cloudflare Proxying

Dear all,

Last week, we attempted to configure a custom domain name for our Azure API Management (APIM) instance. We use Cloudflare as our DNS provider. The required CNAME record was created with the proxied attribute enabled. However, when configuring the custom hostname in Azure, we encountered the following error:

Invalid parameter: CustomHostnameOwnershipCheckFailed.
A CNAME record pointing from apim.ourowndomain.net to apim.azure-api.net was not found.

As a workaround, we disabled the proxied attribute in Cloudflare, retried the configuration, and it worked successfully. We then re-enabled the proxied attribute, and the custom domain continued to function correctly.

However, yesterday, we discovered that the custom domain was no longer working and returned a "404 Web site not found" error page.

After extensive troubleshooting—including disabling the proxied attribute on the CNAME record—we were unable to resolve the issue.

To restore functionality, we removed and reconfigured the custom domain by following the same steps:

Disable the proxied attribute on the CNAME record.
Configure the custom domain in APIM.
Re-enable the proxied attribute.

This resolved the issue again.

We suspect that Azure initially validates the CNAME record during the custom domain configuration process when the proxied attribute is disabled. However, after a few days, Azure appears to revalidate the CNAME record and expects it to resolve to *.azure-api.net. Since Cloudflare returns its own IPs when proxying is enabled, Azure may reject the custom domain configuration, leading to the issue.

Can anyone confirm whether our assumption is correct?

Additionally, is there a recommended workaround for this issue? We are considering deploying a reverse proxy (Application Gateway) to handle Cloudflare requests and forward them to the APIM instance.

Thank you in advance for your help.

Best regards,

azure

azure api management

4 Replies

Kidd_Ip
MVP
Mar 22, 2025
Azure APIM requires a valid CNAME record pointing to *.azure-api.net for initial configuration and possibly for periodic revalidation. When the proxied attribute is enabled in Cloudflare, DNS responses return Cloudflare's proxy IPs instead of the expected *.azure-api.net, which causes Azure's validation to fail. This explains why disabling the proxy temporarily resolves the issue, please consider:

Use Cloudflare Page Rules:

Create a page rule in Cloudflare to bypass the proxy for apim.ourowndomain.net. This ensures the DNS response returns the expected *.azure-api.net value while still leveraging Cloudflare for other features.

Set Up an Azure Application Gateway (Reverse Proxy):

Deploy an Azure Application Gateway in front of your APIM instance. Configure Cloudflare to point to the Application Gateway, which can handle the requests and forward them to APIM. This approach decouples Cloudflare's proxying from direct communication with APIM.

Keep Proxy Disabled for the CNAME Record:

If proxying is not essential for your use case, leave the proxied attribute disabled for the CNAME record. This will eliminate revalidation issues.

Use Custom Hostname Verification via TXT Record:

Azure APIM allows custom hostname verification using a TXT record instead of relying solely on the CNAME record. Add the required TXT record in Cloudflare to validate ownership, which may bypass the need for revalidating the proxied CNAME.
- mkg310
  Copper Contributor
  Mar 24, 2025
  Hello Kidd_Ip ,
  Thank you for your detailed reply!
  Since proxying is mandatory for security reasons, the first and third options unfortunately cannot be considered.
  I’ll proceed with attempting to set up a custom hostname via a TXT record, even though this approach appears to be mentioned only in the context of Azure's free managed certificate in the official documentation. However, as traffic must flow through Cloudflare, this may introduce challenges.
  If this approach proves unsuccessful, I’ll have no choice but to deploy an Azure Application Gateway as a reverse proxy. This would allow me to maintain the required security posture while ensuring compatibility with Cloudflare's proxying.
  I’ll keep you updated on the outcome.
  Best regards,
  Khalil
  - mkg310
    Copper Contributor
    Mar 26, 2025
    Kidd_Ip, the 1st option bypasses the proxy, as the 3rd one, so they weren't considered. The 4th one seems to be mentioned in the context of Azure's free managed certificate, as described in the official Microsoft documentation here : https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/api-management/configure-custom-domain?tabs=custom#dns-configuration
    The only viable option is the 2nd one. I tested it and it worked as expected.

Resources

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Proxying","id":"message:4395909","revisionNum":1,"repliesCount":4,"author":{"__ref":"User:user:2800"},"depth":0,"hasGivenKudo":false,"board":{"__ref":"Forum:board:IntegrationsonAzure"},"conversation":{"__ref":"Conversation:conversation:4395909"},"readOnly":false,"editFrozen":false,"moderationData":{"__ref":"ModerationData:moderation_data:4395909"},"body":"

Dear all,

Invalid parameter: CustomHostnameOwnershipCheckFailed.
A CNAME record pointing from apim.ourowndomain.net to apim.azure-api.net was not found.

However, yesterday, we discovered that the custom domain was no longer working and returned a \"404 Web site not found\" error page.

After extensive troubleshooting—including disabling the proxied attribute on the CNAME record—we were unable to resolve the issue.

To restore functionality, we removed and reconfigured the custom domain by following the same steps:

Disable the proxied attribute on the CNAME record.
Configure the custom domain in APIM.
Re-enable the proxied attribute.

This resolved the issue again.

Can anyone confirm whether our assumption is correct?

Additionally, is there a recommended workaround for this issue? We are considering deploying a reverse proxy (Application Gateway) to handle Cloudflare requests and forward them to the APIM instance.

Thank you in advance for your help.

Best regards,

","body@stringLength":"2225","rawBody":"

Dear all,

Invalid parameter: CustomHostnameOwnershipCheckFailed.
A CNAME record pointing from apim.ourowndomain.net to apim.azure-api.net was not found.

However, yesterday, we discovered that the custom domain was no longer working and returned a \"404 Web site not found\" error page.

After extensive troubleshooting—including disabling the proxied attribute on the CNAME record—we were unable to resolve the issue.

To restore functionality, we removed and reconfigured the custom domain by following the same steps:

Disable the proxied attribute on the CNAME record.
Configure the custom domain in APIM.
Re-enable the proxied attribute.

This resolved the issue again.

Can anyone confirm whether our assumption is correct?

Additionally, is there a recommended workaround for this issue? We are considering deploying a reverse proxy (Application Gateway) to handle Cloudflare requests and forward them to the APIM instance.

Thank you in advance for your help.

Best regards,

","kudosSumWeight":0,"postTime":"2025-03-21T07:02:49.710-07:00","images":{"__typename":"AssociatedImageConnection","edges":[],"totalCount":0,"pageInfo":{"__typename":"PageInfo","hasNextPage":false,"endCursor":null,"hasPreviousPage":false,"startCursor":null}},"attachments":{"__typename":"AttachmentConnection","pageInfo":{"__typename":"PageInfo","hasNextPage":false,"endCursor":null,"hasPreviousPage":false,"startCursor":null},"edges":[]},"tags":{"__typename":"TagConnection","pageInfo":{"__typename":"PageInfo","hasNextPage":false,"endCursor":null,"hasPreviousPage":false,"startCursor":null},"edges":[{"__typename":"TagEdge","cursor":"MjUuMXwyLjF8b3wxMHxfTlZffDE","node":{"__typename":"Tag","id":"tag:azure","text":"azure","time":"2016-09-06T09:34:09.130-07:00","lastActivityTime":null,"messagesCount":null,"followersCount":null}},{"__typename":"TagEdge","cursor":"MjUuMXwyLjF8b3wxMHxfTlZffDI","node":{"__typename":"Tag","id":"tag:azure api management","text":"azure api management","time":"2019-05-30T10:08:42.182-07:00","lastActivityTime":null,"messagesCount":null,"followersCount":null}}]},"timeToRead":2,"currentRevision":{"__ref":"Revision:revision:4395909_1"},"latestVersion":null,"metrics":{"__typename":"MessageMetrics","views":149},"visibilityScope":"PUBLIC","canonicalUrl":null,"seoTitle":null,"seoDescription":null,"isEscalated":null,"placeholder":false,"originalMessageForPlaceholder":null,"messagePolicies":{"__typename":"MessagePolicies","canModerateSpamMessage":{"__typename":"PolicyResult","failureReason":{"__typename":"FailureReason","message":"error.lithium.policies.feature.moderation_spam.action.moderate_entity.allowed.accessDenied","key":"error.lithium.policies.feature.moderation_spam.action.moderate_entity.allowed.accessDenied","args":[]}}},"archivalData":null,"searchSnippet":"Dear all, Last week, we attempted to configure a custom domain name for our Azure API Management (APIM) instance. We use Cloudflare as our DNS provider. The required CNAME record was created with th...","replies":{"__typename":"MessageConnection","edges":[{"__typename":"MessageEdge","cursor":"MjUuMXwyLjF8aXwxMHwxMzI6MHxpbnQsNDM5NjE2OCw0Mzk2MTY4","node":{"__ref":"ForumReplyMessage:message:4396168"}}],"pageInfo":{"__typename":"PageInfo","hasNextPage":false,"endCursor":null,"hasPreviousPage":false,"startCursor":null}},"customFields":[]},"Conversation:conversation:4395909":{"__typename":"Conversation","id":"conversation:4395909","solved":false,"topic":{"__ref":"ForumTopicMessage:message:4395909"},"lastPostingActivityTime":"2025-03-27T12:58:22.227-07:00","lastPostTime":"2025-03-27T12:58:22.227-07:00","unreadReplyCount":4,"isSubscribed":false},"ModerationData:moderation_data:4395909":{"__typename":"ModerationData","id":"moderation_data:4395909","status":"APPROVED","rejectReason":null,"isReportedAbuse":false,"rejectUser":null,"rejectTime":null,"rejectActorType":"member"},"Revision:revision:4395909_1":{"__typename":"Revision","id":"revision:4395909_1","lastEditTime":"2025-03-21T07:02:49.710-07:00"},"CachedAsset:theme:customTheme1-1743778046233":{"__typename":"CachedAsset","id":"theme:customTheme1-1743778046233","value":{"id":"customTheme1","animation":{"fast":"150ms","normal":"250ms","slow":"500ms","slowest":"750ms","function":"cubic-bezier(0.07, 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Issue with Custom Domain on APIM and Cloudflare Proxying","moderationData":{"__ref":"ModerationData:moderation_data:4396168"},"body":"

Azure APIM requires a valid CNAME record pointing to *.azure-api.net for initial configuration and possibly for periodic revalidation. When the proxied attribute is enabled in Cloudflare, DNS responses return Cloudflare's proxy IPs instead of the expected *.azure-api.net, which causes Azure's validation to fail. This explains why disabling the proxy temporarily resolves the issue, please consider:

Use Cloudflare Page Rules:

Create a page rule in Cloudflare to bypass the proxy for apim.ourowndomain.net. This ensures the DNS response returns the expected *.azure-api.net value while still leveraging Cloudflare for other features.

Set Up an Azure Application Gateway (Reverse Proxy):

Deploy an Azure Application Gateway in front of your APIM instance. Configure Cloudflare to point to the Application Gateway, which can handle the requests and forward them to APIM. This approach decouples Cloudflare's proxying from direct communication with APIM.

Keep Proxy Disabled for the CNAME Record:

If proxying is not essential for your use case, leave the proxied attribute disabled for the CNAME record. This will eliminate revalidation issues.

Use Custom Hostname Verification via TXT Record:

Azure APIM allows custom hostname verification using a TXT record instead of relying solely on the CNAME record. Add the required TXT record in Cloudflare to validate ownership, which may bypass the need for revalidating the proxied CNAME.

Hello Kidd_Ip ,

Thank you for your detailed reply!

Since proxying is mandatory for security reasons, the first and third options unfortunately cannot be considered.

I’ll proceed with attempting to set up a custom hostname via a TXT record, even though this approach appears to be mentioned only in the context of Azure's free managed certificate in the official documentation. However, as traffic must flow through Cloudflare, this may introduce challenges.

If this approach proves unsuccessful, I’ll have no choice but to deploy an Azure Application Gateway as a reverse proxy. This would allow me to maintain the required security posture while ensuring compatibility with Cloudflare's proxying.

I’ll keep you updated on the outcome.

Best regards,
Khalil

Kidd_Ip, the 1st option bypasses the proxy, as the 3rd one, so they weren't considered. The 4th one seems to be mentioned in the context of Azure's free managed certificate, as described in the official Microsoft documentation here : https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/api-management/configure-custom-domain?tabs=custom#dns-configuration

The only viable option is the 2nd one. I tested it and it worked as expected.

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Issue with Custom Domain on APIM and Cloudflare Proxying | Microsoft Community Hub