Can HPC modify the validity period of the certificate

Seems no, Microsoft HPC Pack itself does not provide a setting to directly modify the validity period of its internal certificates. The validity period is determined when the certificate is created (for example, via PowerShell New-SelfSignedCertificate or a CA-issued certificate). To change the validity period, you must generate or renew the certificate with the desired expiration date and then re‑import it into the HPC Pack cluster.

https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/troubleshoot/windows-server/certificates-and-public-key-infrastructure-pki/change-certificates-expiration-date