Data Sink From Dataverse to Azure SQL database using azure data factory is taking really long time

Your slow performance is likely because you are using Data Flows, which spin up Spark and add overhead for small-to-medium datasets. For faster loads, switch to Copy Data Activity instead of Data Flows, enable bulk insert/PolyBase for Azure SQL, and run multiple table copies in parallel instead of sequentially. This should bring the runtime down significantly.

For triggering, ADF cannot detect Dataverse changes directly. The common approach is to use Dataverse Change Tracking with Power Automate or Logic Apps to call your ADF pipeline whenever data changes, so only the updated rows get synced instead of reloading everything.