Dear colleagues,
I could solve my issue with the printer protection policy profile into intune because I used a wrong syntax from the Microsoft documentation:
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/security/defender-endpoint/printer-protection?view=o365-worldwide
I figured out that the Microsoft documentation about the printer protection had some issues.
Microsoft have forgotten to add an slash / into the <enabled> tag. So I have copied and paste following wrong property example:
<enabled><data id="ApprovedUsbPrintDevices_List" value="03F0/0853,0351/0872"/>
With that wrong <enabled> tag, I got an Error on Intune.
The correct one is following:
<enabled/><data id="ApprovedUsbPrintDevices_List" value="03F0/0853,0351/0872"/>
I have added an slash / at the end of the enabled tag: <enabled/> and the Error was gone away and my printer policy works.
I hope that hint helps you not to run in the same Error that I got as I created this intune policy with the wrong <enabled> tag.