Yes, I can confirm. We see exactly the same error, and the databases were still showing as mounted and healthy at the time:
Event ID 1006 (MSExchange Mailbox Replication)
The Microsoft Exchange Mailbox Replication service was unable to process jobs in a mailbox database.
Database: DB01
Error: MapiExceptionMdbOffline: Unable to make connection to the server. (hr=0x80004005, ec=1142)
ECP was still working, and both ECP and the Exchange Management Shell showed the databases as mounted and healthy. However, we could not move them (switchover failed), and the Exchange services could not access them. OWA was down and the transport queues were filling up. Only a reboot resolved it.
The timing matches yours as well. The updates were installed during the night of October 13, and the problems started on the evening of October 14, roughly a day later.
So we have the same three Windows updates (KB5126645, KB5126646, KB5127690) and the same error, with and without KB5128895. That points pretty clearly to the October Windows updates, or an interaction between them and Exchange SE, rather than the Exchange October SU itself.