Man, I've been out of the Exchange world for awhile. How ironic... version 8.5 of Lotus Notes/Domino introduced in January of 2009 implemented DAOS (Domino Attachment and Object Service), which *does* keep track of one instance of an attachment across an entire server/cluster. And that includes applications as well, not just mail databases. E.g. a CRM application and Invoicing application that each have a copy of a 5MB attachment that's ALSO in 12 user's mailboxes results in... 5 MB of storage.
IT admins are seeing as much as 77% storage reduction with this feature. It's pretty easy to look like a rock star when you can avoid thousands of dollars of disk upgrades by simply installing a new version of the software... which can be done directly on top of the old version.
Richtext compression was introduced in 2007, and attachment compression back in 2003 I think?
And what is this going to do to backup windows? If upgrading to Exchange 2010 quadruples your backup window due to substantially more data being backed up... ugh.