Hello Mamad1845 ,
The answers to your questions are below:
1st: Is it possible to proceed in two steps in this case? That is, perform a first update from version 1910 to version 2010, and if the 2010 update appears in the console, perform a second update from version 2010 to version 2203.
Possible? The minimum version you must be on to get to 2203 is Version 2010 so yes you should be able to achieve this in just 2 upgrades. Please note that 2203 goes out of support in October of this year so I would plan another upgrade before then to avoid support issues. What's new in version 2203 - Configuration Manager | Microsoft Learn.
2nd: The version of the console being used is 1910 (Console Version: 5.1910.1067.1600, site version: 5.00.8913.1012, Client version: 5.00.8913.1012).
Is this version able of displaying a higher version such as version 2010, or
does the currently used version console 1910 need to be upgraded to version 2010 first to be able to display it? Once you have completed an upgrade you will automatically be prompted to upgrade the console to the supported version once you re-launch the console. I recommend you do this for each version you upgrade to avoid any data corruption from using an older console version. I hope I have answered your questions to your satisfaction and good luck with your upgrade.