Grant/Revoke permissions to Windows local certificates (certlm) in non-admin mode
I am working on granting/revoking permissions to windows local certificates (certlm) using Visual C++ 2022. The challenge is that this needs to be performed in non-admin privileges. We would need to remove "Everyone" permissions and grant read permissions for our NT Service account to windows local certificates (certlm). Is it possible to perform under non-admin privilege? It would be great help if can get solution for this.PowerShell hosting in C#
Don't know if this is the correct place to post my question... I want to use the PowerShell 7 cmdlet Get-ClusterResource in C# under Windows 11, like this: using System.Collections.ObjectModel; using System.Management.Automation; namespace PSHosting; class Program { static void Main() { using (var powerShell = PowerShell.Create()) { powerShell.AddScript("Get-ClusterResource -Cluster 'WSFC1'"); Collection<PSObject> result = powerShell.Invoke(); } } I have the RSAT FailoverCluster Windows package installed. When calling Get-ClusterResource in a PowerShell session, PowerShell uses the implicit remoting technique to create and load a proxy module for the original FailoverCluster module, and then execute the command on the remote computer. At some point during my attemps to get a working Get-ClusterResource in my C# code, I included the following in the above code (before the using statement): A Set-ExecutionPolicy command that lets PowerShell execute arbitrary scripts (most probably required because module loading (see below) and/or implicit remoting would run .ps1 and/or .psm scripts contained in the FailoverCluster module folder) An Import-Module command that loads the FailoverCluster module into the current session Interestingly, the above code still works in my environment after stripping the commands 1. and 2. above from the code, deleting the proxy module C:\Users\<UserName>\AppData\Local\Temp\remoteIpMoProxy_FailoverClusters_2.0.0.0_localhost_<ID>, and rebooting the computer. My ultimate goal is to publish code like the above together with all required modules and other stuff so it can run successfully on a computer with stock Windows 11 installed only (single exception: .NET runtime matching my C# version is installed, so I don't need to distribute that too). From what I think I know at the moment, this means that I need to: Include the FailoverCluster module folder in my publication, and Add the commands 1. and 2. above in my code (hopefully, referencing the FailoverCluster module works with a relative path) Am I correct here, or do I miss something out?
Simple Guide On Effective Use Of Parallel Programming For C# In A Managed Code Environment:
Parallel programming in C# uses a variation of Managed Threading, that relies on PLINQ, Expression Trees, The Barrier Class, Thread Class, BackgroundWorker Class, SpinWait Struct, SpinLock Struct, and Thread-Tracking Mode for SpinLock. The reason is that it's faster to use the environment to determine how many cores / threads are available, as to not starve the device of resources, which at that point, you have to use the BackgroundWorker Class to manage each task you've created. Often in this scenario, you can end up with a deadlock condition, because you have more than one task trying to access a shared resource. It's much easier and faster to split up each task, ONLY using byte arrays, assigning each task individual byte arrays to sort / parse, encrypted or not, with the Stream class, or a sub variation of that Class, and then when each task finishes, they all finish at different times, but the shared resource is divided up into portions, so that they will only be able to fill one area of that array. The reason why Barrier is used in this situation, is it forces each one to wait until all the tasks are finished, or until they all ARRIVE at the same place, which solves one timing issue, yet it might create another where there's a bit of a timing mismatch if your estimates are wrong, you overshoot or undershoot I mean. At the very end, you can use a separate process to just COPY from each individual array, without a deadlock scenario occurring. The only issue, is you have to estimate how many threads are available ahead of time, and you can't use every single thread, yet you're going to have to divide a single resource between all those threads. Beforehand, you have to verify if it's a waste of time to use more than one thread. The reason why I say this, is that a lot of people use reference types, not knowing they are immutable, and they take a huge / massive performance hit because of this. Often you have to convert strings into byte arrays, or use a pre-initialized character array at the start of the program, which contains the Unicode values that you want to recast individually as strings, and then use a byte array as an INDEX or a placeholder, of a Unicode character array. If you’re not encrypting the byte arrays, or using them for text parsing, which byte arrays tend to be best in high throughput scenarios, than integer arrays will suffice. The index can be scrambled based on how you want to represent that one string, though it's smarter to only cast a new reference type when you want to display text on the screen. If you spend too much time manually parsing using built-in libraries, it's REALLY SLOW. A byte array is better to use than an integer array in this sort of situation. You might have to create separate indexes with a byte array representing a set of binary flags, to determine whether each one is a letter, number, symbol, etc, or how you want to classify each one based on the code chart that you're using. You would be better off in that situation to just use right shift / left shift / XOR, etc, to set the flags. Then you have something which is also very fast, and almost equivalent to a Barrel Shifter, given C# does not allow you to use pointers, as it's managed code / a managed environment. All the Boolean Logical Operators with Compound Assignment rely on pre-initialized Cast Expressions of Integer Literals, Bitwise and Shift Operators, combined with Lambda Expressions, and Operator Overloading. The purpose of the Shift Operators is to mask / pad the bits of one byte value with zeroes, so that your Cast Expression Of An Integer Literal, which serves at the mask, always gives you a fixed / deterministic result, when used in conjunction with Boolean Logical Operators, especially if the value is smaller than 8-bits / a single byte, or you're dealing with a larger array has to represent a flag "register" with a size of ( 2 ^ 8 ) 256 bits, which is basically a Double-Word: "Microsoft Learn - Boolean logical operators - AND, OR, NOT, XOR - Compound assignment" -> "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/language-reference/operators/boolean-logical-operators#compound-assignment" "Microsoft Learn - Bitwise and shift operators (C# reference)" -> "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/language-reference/operators/bitwise-and-shift-operators" "Microsoft Learn - Operator overloading - predefined unary, arithmetic, equality and comparison operators" -> "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/language-reference/operators/operator-overloading" "Microsoft Learn - Lambda expressions and anonymous functions" -> "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/language-reference/operators/lambda-expressions" "Microsoft Learn - Integral numeric types (C# reference) - Integer literals" -> "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/language-reference/builtin-types/integral-numeric-types#integer-literals" "Microsoft Learn - Type-testing operators and cast expressions - is, as, typeof and casts - Cast expression" -> "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/language-reference/operators/type-testing-and-cast#cast-expression" "Microsoft Learn - Deserialization risks in use of BinaryFormatter and related types" -> "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/standard/serialization/binaryformatter-security-guide" "Microsoft Learn - BinaryReader Class" -> "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/system.io.binaryreader?view=netframework-4.0" "Microsoft Learn - Stream Class" -> "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/system.io.stream?view=netframework-4.0" "Microsoft Learn - StreamWriter Class" -> "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/system.io.streamwriter?view=netframework-4.0" "Microsoft Learn - StreamReader Class" -> "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/system.io.streamreader?view=netframework-4.0" "Microsoft Learn - File and Stream I/O" -> "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/standard/io/" "Microsoft Learn - Pipe Functions" -> "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/ipc/pipe-functions" "Microsoft Learn - System.IO.Pipes Namespace" -> "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/system.io.pipes?view=netframework-4.0" "Microsoft Learn - Custom Partitioners for PLINQ and TPL" -> "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/standard/parallel-programming/custom-partitioners-for-plinq-and-tpl" "Microsoft Learn - Expression Trees" -> "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/advanced-topics/expression-trees/" "Microsoft Learn - Build expression trees" -> "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/advanced-topics/expression-trees/expression-trees-building" "Microsoft Learn - Translate expression trees" -> "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/advanced-topics/expression-trees/expression-trees-translating" "Microsoft Learn - Execute expression trees" -> "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/advanced-topics/expression-trees/expression-trees-execution" "Microsoft Learn - System.Windows.Threading Namespace" -> "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/system.windows.threading?view=netframework-4.0" "Microsoft Learn - System.Threading Namespace" -> "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/system.threading?view=netframework-4.0" "Microsoft Learn - System.Threading.Channels Namespace" -> "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/system.threading.channels?view=netcore-3.0" "Microsoft Learn - System.Threading.Tasks Namespace" -> "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/system.threading.tasks?view=netframework-4.0" "Microsoft Learn - Timer Class (System.Timers)" -> "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/system.timers?view=netframework-4.0" "Microsoft Learn - Timer Class (System.Threading)" -> "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/system.threading.timer?view=netframework-4.0" "Microsoft Learn - DispatcherTimer Class (System.Windows.Threading)" -> "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/system.windows.threading.dispatchertimer?view=netframework-4.0" "Microsoft Learn - Dispatcher Class (System.Windows.Threading)" -> "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/system.windows.threading.dispatcher?view=netframework-4.0" "Microsoft Learn - Threads and threading" -> "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/standard/threading/threads-and-threading" "Microsoft Learn - Using threads and threading" -> "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/standard/threading/using-threads-and-threading" "Microsoft Learn - Introduction to PLINQ" -> "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/standard/parallel-programming/introduction-to-plinq" "Microsoft Learn - Task Parallel Library (TPL)" -> "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/standard/parallel-programming/task-parallel-library-tpl" "Microsoft Learn - Lambda Expressions in PLINQ and TPL" -> "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/standard/parallel-programming/lambda-expressions-in-plinq-and-tpl" "Microsoft Learn - Multithreading in Windows Forms Controls" -> "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/desktop/winforms/controls/multithreading-in-windows-forms-controls" "Microsoft Learn - Managed threading best practices" -> "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/standard/threading/managed-threading-best-practices" "Microsoft Learn - Parallel programming in .NET: A guide to the documentation" -> "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/standard/parallel-programming/" "Microsoft Learn - Thread Class" -> "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/system.threading.thread" "Microsoft Learn - BackgroundWorker Class" -> "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/system.componentmodel.backgroundworker" "Microsoft Learn - Synchronizing data for multithreading" -> "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/standard/threading/synchronizing-data-for-multithreading" "Microsoft Learn - Overview of synchronization primitives" -> "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/standard/threading/overview-of-synchronization-primitives" "Microsoft Learn - Environment.ProcessorCount Property" -> "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/system.environment.processorcount" "Microsoft Learn - Managed threading best practices - Number of Processors" -> "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/dotnet/netframework-1.1/1c9txz50(v=vs.71)#number-of-processors" "Microsoft Learn - lock statement - ensure exclusive access to a shared resource" -> "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/language-reference/statements/lock" "Microsoft Learn - Reliability Best Practices" -> "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/framework/performance/reliability-best-practices" "Microsoft Learn - BackgroundWorker Component Overview" -> "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/desktop/winforms/controls/backgroundworker-component-overview" "Microsoft Learn - How to: Run an Operation in the Background" -> "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/desktop/winforms/controls/how-to-run-an-operation-in-the-background" "Microsoft Learn - Thread-safe collections" -> "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/standard/collections/thread-safe/" "Microsoft Learn - Threading objects and features" -> "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/standard/threading/threading-objects-and-features" "Microsoft Learn - Barrier" -> "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/standard/threading/barrier" "Microsoft Learn - Barrier Class" -> "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/system.threading.barrier?view=netframework-4.0" "Microsoft Learn - SpinWait" -> "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/standard/threading/spinwait" "Microsoft Learn - SpinWait Struct" -> "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/system.threading.spinwait?view=netframework-4.0" "Microsoft Learn - SpinLock" -> "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/standard/threading/spinlock" "Microsoft Learn - SpinLock Struct" -> "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/system.threading.spinlock?view=netframework-4.0" "Microsoft Learn - How to: use SpinLock for low-level synchronization" -> "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/standard/threading/how-to-use-spinlock-for-low-level-synchronization" "Microsoft Learn - How to: Enable Thread-Tracking Mode in SpinLock" -> "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/standard/threading/how-to-enable-thread-tracking-mode-in-spinlock" "Microsoft Learn - Chaining tasks using continuation tasks" -> "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/standard/parallel-programming/chaining-tasks-by-using-continuation-tasks" "Microsoft Learn - Interlocked Class" -> "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/system.threading.interlocked?view=netframework-4.0" "Microsoft Learn - TaskFactory Class" -> "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/system.threading.tasks.taskfactory?view=netframework-4.0"
_EnumDesktopWindows API problem
_EnumDesktopWindows API which uses User32.dll stopped working when the patch having OS build number 26100.3775 was updated on Windows 11. The version which was thus installed for Windows 11 is 24H2. It happen also on windows 2019 server having 24H2 as version number. When it tries to get a windows handle of a FORM, it freezes and doesn't allow the user to do anything. What seems to be the problem & how this can be rectified? Anyone's help will be deeply appreciated. Thanks...
Specify locale/language for exception messages to user during runtime.
I am using VB 2022 with .NET 8 & 9. I develop applications that allow the user to specify which language they want the GUI elements to be displayed in while the application is running - regardless of what language the users' MS Windows profile is set to. The reason I do this is because some companies (mine included) require all systems to be set to the U.S. English (EN-US) regional/locale settings. This is very easy for me to achieve, even for expected user errors which I can head off. However, unexpected system error messages are always displayed in the English language because the system is set to the English language. Is there any known way to force unexpected error/exception messages to be displayed in a language other than the system's current language? If I knew every single possible error that could be thrown up, as well as its corresponding error code/number, I could create translations myself. But, unfortunately, I have no way of listing every possible system error that could be thrown up during runtime. It would be nice if Microsoft had a COMPLETE list of these somewhere. But every list I've seen is fragmented and incomplete, and sometimes doesn't include a corresponding error code with the message. Try 'Attempt the following block of code. '/////////////////////////////////////////////// ' E X E C U T E S O M E C O D E H E R E ! '\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ Catch e As System.Exception 'Trap any unexpected system error. MessageBox.Show(e.HResult.ToString & NewLine & e.Message, MyCaption, MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Error) 'Display the error message to the user. End Try Even though the user's system is set to the English language, I want to be able to display the message passed in the 'e.Message' member from the codes sample in whatever language the user has specified their GUI to display in during that application's runtime. Any ideas how to achieve this? BTW... the ability to do this would be an AWESOME feature for Microsoft to add to future .NET releases.
Graph API getAsync() in C#
If I use graph in a console application I get the information that I request. Such as test = await graphClient.Users.GetAsync(); If I try this in a WebMethod in the code behind of a page or in an .asmx, it never returns with the data. I know this has been mentioned before in many forums, but I did not have issues in V1.0 of the SDK. When I try to use V5+ I can't seem to get the information back. Any ideas on overcoming the issue? Any help would be great.
C# JSON deserialization returns null
Hi there, so first of, I just started working with JSON deserialization today and just know the bare basics. Basically I am currently developing a bot wich should get data from an API of a minecraft server. So far everything works perfectly except one thing: Since a minecraft uuid can start with a number (like for example "121e2d73913041ffaa49af39d124673f") visual studio automatically creates the uuid part with "_" ("public _121E2d73913041ffaa49af39d124673f _121e2d73913041ffaa49af39d124673f { get; set; }"). Now, when I try to request data from a uuid wich starts with a letter everything works fine. However when I request it from a uuid with a number, it will return null. My guess is, that since the JSON itself does not have "_", it wont get deserialized into the in-code version with "_". -> btw, I am using System.Text.Json, not Newtonsoft.Json but would have no problems changing... I hope. So, my question is, if there is a way to get this to work or maby work arround it? Thanks in advance :DEnhancing Console.ReadLine to Accept a Message Parameter
n Python, the input function allows you to display a message and wait for user input in a single line of code. However, in C#, achieving the same functionality requires two lines: one for Console.WriteLine to display the message and another for Console.ReadLine to capture the input. Is it possible to have a ReadLine function in C# that takes a message as a parameter and waits for user input?Why is System.Text.Rune named like this?
.NET uses UTF-16 for string encoding. This means: char type, which is atomic unit of string, is 16-bit size data type. that surrogate pairs are used for Supplementary code points, U+10000..U+10FFFF, while for Basic Multilingual Plane, U+0000..U+FFFF one char is sufficient to express any Unicode scalar value. .NET Rune comes in with ability to bypass surrogate pair problems, e.g. their unintended split. Thus by one variable all scalar values can be expressed. var a = new Rune('a'); var grinnigFace = new Rune ( '\uD83D', '\uDE00' ); There exist many terms related to string and char types: symbol, character, pictogram, emoji, grapheme, script, letter, mark, punctuation, accent, diacritics, emoticon, … .NET chose to use https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/system.globalization.textelementenumerator?view=net-8.0#remarks as synonym for what is grapheme +/ cluster in Unicode. https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr51/ Note that all emoji sequences are single grapheme clusters: It is also not 100 % correct to use "grapheme". https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grapheme In linguistics, a grapheme is the smallest functional unit of a writing system. While let say this 🧑🏿🎄 emoji is composed as sequence of: 1F9D1, 🧑, \Ud83e\Uddd1 1F3FF, 🏿, \Ud83c\Udfff 200D, , \U200d 1F384, 🎄, \Ud83c\Udf84 hardly can be any unit considered functional unit of writing system. Document https://www.unicode.org/standard/principles.html is more specific. For example, in historic Spanish language sorting, "ll"; counts as a single text element. However, when Spanish words are typed, "ll" is two separate text elements: "l" and "l". Text elements are encoded as sequences of one or more characters. Certain of these sequences are called combining character sequences, made up of a base letter and one or more combining marks, which are rendered around the base letter (above it, below it, etc.). For example, a sequence of "a" followed by a combining circumflex "^" would be rendered as "â". There can be seen some intersection between Unicode and .NET on text/textual element. Nonetheless, rather opaque terminology reign is apparent. The Rune “https://www.vocabulary.com/dictionary/rune” A rune is a letter used in early Germanic writing. A linguist might be interested in runes because they're evidence of ancient languages, while a mystic might use runes, believed by some to have magical properties, in fortune-telling. “https://www.thefreedictionary.com/rune” 1a) Any of the characters in several alphabets used by ancient Germanic peoples from the 3rd to the 13th century. 1b) A similar character in another alphabet, sometimes believed to have magic powers. 2) A poem or incantation of mysterious significance, especially a magic charm. After deeper look, "rune" does not resemble any of terminology used by Unicode and seems to be tightly coupled with Germanic tribes' writing system. As far as I can see, Rune is nothing more then Unicode Scalar Value. It is not important whether UCP is expressed by 1:1 numeric relation, surrogate pairs or by series of doggies and cats. It could be said that .NET is about to contribute to terminology goulash: Why Rune is not UnicodeScalarValue or something more technical accurate? I failed on finding any reference on why this name was chosen. Is there some specific reason? Or Rune is just fine as grapheme, glyph, symbol and others would be?