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Powershell Entra and General Forum Layout Questions

midiman810new — Thu, 09 Apr 2026 09:43:33 GMT

Hello,

I am returning to PowerShell, and it seems a lot has changed.

I need to create some Security Groups in MS Entra and would like to know the best way to do so.
I have a .csv file for the groups.

Also, what is the best way to display the topic titles as a list in this forum?

At this moment, I have to go scroll through pages of posts, and it's not easy. I used to like the old formats that let you see all the thread titles.

Thanks

PowerShell 7 PnP.PowerShell Header Issue

tleanna — Tue, 31 Mar 2026 14:18:16 GMT

I am trying to connect to the PnPOnline module using PS7.

I am running PowerShell version 7.6.0 (Core), PnP.PowerShell PSEdition Core, and have my PnP PowerShell App registered in Azure

I have my top level site as the $siteURL variable, my ClientID number as the $clientID variable and the ClientSecret value as the $clientSecret variable... When using the command Connect-PnPOnline -Url $siteUrl -ClientId $clientId -ClientSecret $clientSecret the following is returned:

WARNING:

Connecting with Client Secret uses legacy authentication and provides limited functionality. We can for instance

not execute requests towards the Microsoft Graph, which limits cmdlets related to Microsoft Teams, Microsoft

Planner, Microsoft Flow and Microsoft 365 Groups. You can hide this warning by using Connect-PnPOnline [your

parameters] -WarningAction Ignore

Connect-PnPOnline: The given header was not found.

I have double checked my variables, and all components and still receiving this error. I know there is a certificate method for the App Registration, but what else need to happen to make my connection successful? Or should I go the certificate route for the App Registration?

Need a PowerShell script for the query given below

santhosh_1983 — Mon, 23 Mar 2026 08:53:42 GMT

Can anyone help me make a PowerShell script for cleaning the desktop policy and nothing to be saved in C: drive for multiple users in name.edu domain

UPDATE: VBAF v4.0.0 is complete!

JupyterPS — Sun, 15 Mar 2026 15:28:20 GMT

VBAF v4.0.0: Enterprise AI Automation in Pure PowerShell 5.1

27 phases of DQN reinforcement learning — deployed directly
on Windows infrastructure.

Agents learn from Get-WinEvent, WMI, Get-Counter and
Get-ScheduledTask — making autonomous decisions across
security, networking, scheduling and resource management.

No Python. No Azure required. Runs on any Windows box.

github.com/JupyterPS/VBAF | Install-Module VBAF

VBAF v2.1.0 Complete - Full Machine Learning Framework in Pure PowerShell 5.1

JupyterPS — Wed, 04 Mar 2026 10:16:02 GMT

Hello PowerShell Community,

I'm pleased to announce that VBAF (Visual Business Automation Framework)
is now complete. What started as a roadmap post in this community has
grown into a full machine learning framework — 8 phases, 20+ modules,
built entirely in PowerShell 5.1 with no external dependencies.

**What is VBAF?**

VBAF implements machine learning algorithms from scratch in pure
PowerShell 5.1. No Python. No pip install. No Jupyter notebooks.
Just dot-source one file and you're training models:

. .\VBAF.LoadAll.ps1
$data = Get-VBAFDataset -Name "HousePrice"
$model = [LinearRegression]::new()
$model.Fit($data.X, $data.y)
$model.PrintSummary()

Every algorithm is readable PowerShell code — making VBAF a genuine
teaching tool for IT professionals who want to understand how ML works
under the hood.

**What's included in v2.1.0:**

Phase 1-3: Core Foundation & Reinforcement Learning
- Neural networks with backpropagation
- Q-Learning, DQN, PPO, A3C algorithms
- Multi-agent business simulations
- Real-time WinForms visualization dashboards

Phase 4-5: Supervised Learning & Data Pipeline
- Linear, Ridge, Lasso, Logistic Regression
- Decision Trees, Random Forest, Naive Bayes
- Full data preprocessing: imputation, scaling, encoding
- Feature engineering: polynomial features, PCA, selectors
- CSV, JSON, Excel, SQL data I/O

Phase 6: Deep Learning
- Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) with image datasets
- Recurrent Neural Networks: LSTM, GRU, Bidirectional, Attention
- Seq2Seq models

Phase 7: Production Features (MLOps)
- Model Registry: save, load, version, compare models
- Model Server: REST API via HttpListener, batch prediction, A/B testing
- MLOps: experiment tracking, data drift detection (PSI),
automated retraining triggers, CI/CD pipeline scripts
- AutoML: Grid, Random and Bayesian hyperparameter optimization,
algorithm selection, feature selection, full pipeline automation
- Explainability: permutation importance, SHAP-style analysis

Phase 8: Community & Ecosystem
- Tutorial series: beginner to advanced
- Real-world project examples (House Price MLOps, Anomaly Detection)
- Templates & Recipes cookbook with quick reference card
- Troubleshooting guide and PS 5.1 best practices

**Why PowerShell?**

Most ML tutorials assume Python. But many IT professionals live in
PowerShell every day — managing infrastructure, automating workflows,
writing scripts. VBAF meets them where they are.

It's also a teaching project. Every algorithm is implemented from
scratch with teaching comments explaining the math and concepts.
Reading the source is part of the learning.

**Project Resources:**

- GitHub Repository : https://github.com/JupyterPS/VBAF
- Public Roadmap : https://github.com/users/JupyterPS/projects/2
- PowerShell Gallery: https://www.powershellgallery.com/packages/VBAF
- Installation : Install-Module VBAF -Scope CurrentUser

**What's next?**
Community feedback, issues, and contributions are welcome on GitHub.

Best regards,
Henning

Powershell runs fine manually but not in Task Scheduler

GaryHenry-4285 — Fri, 27 Feb 2026 21:28:28 GMT

I have a strange problem, and I am hoping someone will be able to point me to a solution.

Below you will see a PowerShell script below that I am running

The script works fine when it is run manually in PowerShell, but when I put it in the Windows Task Scheduler and it runs at the appointed time (5 am) the output is garbage

You can see the script running below at 5am

If it Right click on the task in the scheduler, and tell it to run, the script it runs normally and the output is fine

I am guessing there is some switch or something that I am missing that will need to make this work, but I am hoping someone has an idea and can help me because I am lost

Thanks

Gary

stop expanding parentheses in a variable

Jhult1170 — Wed, 25 Feb 2026 19:43:12 GMT

Hello

We have created a script using PowerShell and Box CLI to create groups in Box as a user request them. We have had success with the script until recently.

We had a user request that failed

$ClientName="Test-Group(Name)"
$BoxClientOwnerName="$($ClientName)_Owner"
$BoxLOWGRPRaw="$( Box groups:create --json $BoxClientOwnerName )"

The script returns the error
_Owner was unexpected at this time.

If we enter the group name not as a variable, it will work

$BoxLOWGRPRaw="$( Box groups:create --json "Test-Group(Name)" )"

We believe that it is trying to expand the information in the ()

We have tried several different ways to create the group variable name, but have not had success yet.

We have tried to use escape characters to stop the processing of the (), but no success.

Could you please help us resolve this issue?

Thank you

A Machine Learning Framework for PowerShell Focus: Neural Networks & Reinforcement Learning

JupyterPS — Tue, 10 Feb 2026 06:10:12 GMT

Hi PowerShell Community! 👋

I'm excited to share something I've been building that I believe fills a gap in our ecosystem: **VBAF (Visual Business Automation Framework) - A PowerShell Machine Learning Framework**.

This is the first reinforcement learning and neural network framework implemented entirely in PowerShell, designed specifically for IT professionals, automation engineers, and scripters who want to explore ML concepts without leaving PowerShell.

## 🎯 **Why PowerShell for Machine Learning?**

PowerShell is installed on every Windows machine and is the automation backbone for millions of IT professionals. But until now, we've never had:

- A native neural network engine
- A reinforcement learning framework
- Multi-agent simulation capabilities
- Real-time ML visualization dashboards

**VBAF changes that.**

## 🔧 **What's Included:**

**Neural Networks:**
- Multi-layer perceptrons from scratch
- Multiple activation functions (Sigmoid, ReLU, Tanh)
- Backpropagation with convergence tracking
- Training loops and performance metrics

**Reinforcement Learning:**
- Q-learning with epsilon-greedy exploration
- Experience replay buffer
- Reward shaping and policy optimization
- Multi-agent environments

**Business Automation:**
- Company competition simulation
- Market dynamics modeling
- Resource optimization scenarios
- Emergent agent behaviors

**Visualization:**
- Real-time training dashboards (WinForms)
- Learning curve visualization
- Network activation displays
- 20-30 FPS performance

## 💻 **Quick Start:**
```powershell
# Install from PowerShell Gallery
Install-Module VBAF -Scope CurrentUser
Import-Module VBAF

# Train your first neural network (XOR problem)
$network = New-VBAFNeuralNetwork -Architecture @(2,3,1) -LearningRate 0.1
$network.Train($xorData, 1000)
$network.Predict(@(1,0))

# Create a Q-learning agent
$agent = New-VBAFAgent -StateSize 10 -ActionCount 4
$agent.Learn($state, $action, $reward, $nextState)
```

## 🎓 **Built for Learning:**

VBAF is designed with transparency in mind. Unlike TensorFlow or PyTorch, you can:

- Read every line of the implementation
- Understand exactly how backpropagation works
- See Q-learning updates in real-time
- Modify algorithms to experiment

Perfect for:
- Teaching ML concepts to IT professionals
- Understanding AI fundamentals
- Building automation that learns and adapts
- Prototyping RL solutions in familiar syntax

## 🌟 **Real-World Applications:**

**IT Operations:**
- Predictive server maintenance
- Intelligent resource allocation
- Log anomaly detection

**Business Intelligence:**
- Customer churn prediction
- Inventory optimization
- Dynamic pricing models

**Process Automation:**
- Adaptive helpdesk routing
- Email prioritization by business impact
- Workflow optimization

## 🔗 **Links:**

- **GitHub:** https://github.com/JupyterPS/VBAF
- **PowerShell Gallery:** `Install-Module VBAF`
- **Documentation:** Included in module (`Get-VBAFExamples`)

## 🤝 **Community Collaboration:**

This is a community project, and I'd love your feedback! Areas open for contribution:

- Additional RL algorithms (PPO, A3C, DQN)
- Performance optimizations
- New business simulation scenarios
- Documentation and tutorials
- Visualization enhancements

## 🙏 **Why I Built This:**

As an educator, I saw students struggle with Python ML examples. They wanted to understand AI concepts in the language they use daily - PowerShell. VBAF bridges that gap.

PowerShell has always been about pushing boundaries and empowering IT professionals. I hope this framework becomes a useful tool for learning, experimentation, and building automation that adapts.

**What do you think? What would YOU build with a PowerShell ML framework?**

Looking forward to your feedback and ideas!

#PowerShell #MachineLearning #Automation #ReinforcementLearning

Running Un-attended Scripts via Task Scheduler

coxygt — Thu, 05 Feb 2026 15:24:00 GMT

I am trying to get some of my PS Scripts that are required regularly to run un-attended on a server using Task Scheduler. I am aware that App Registrations seem to be the recommended way, but I am struggling to find the best way to plan and deploy a solution.

For example, one of the jobs I want to automate is a search using Exchange get-messagetracev2, I have created a service account, given the account Delegate Full Access permissions to 31 shared mailboxes I need to report on. Basically, I need to know how many emails have been received during the previous week to each mailbox.

Generate a csv, list the mailbox, start date - end date, number of emails received, then ideally either email 3 users the report, or send a Teams notification (using Workflow Bot) to send a notification that the report is ready and the file is attached.

I must be using the least permissive method of doing this, looking for ways to achieve this with the lowest level of access and to understand the best config for the App Registration, can I use Delegate or must it be App permissions?

Thanks in advance

Get-Secret fails when PowerShell script runs as a scheduled task.

COF_Utility_ITC — Thu, 29 Jan 2026 22:47:09 GMT

I have a PowerShell backup script that connects to SMB shares, copies

files from one share to the other share, and disconnects. Passwords

used to connect to the shares are stored in a SecretStore. The user

account that the script runs under is an unpriviledged Backup Operator

that has access to the SMB shares. THe SecretStore was created under

the same user context. I can run the script manually in the console,

and it executes correctly. When I run the same script as a scheduled

task, running under the same user account, the script stops when the

Get-Secret cmdlet is called.

Here is some pertinent information:

PS C:\Users\incodebackup\Documents\Scripts\TUNet_Backup> $PSVersionTable

Name Value

---- -----

PSVersion 5.1.14393.3471

PSEdition Desktop

PSCompatibleVersions {1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0...}

BuildVersion 10.0.14393.3471

CLRVersion 4.0.30319.42000

WSManStackVersion 3.0

PSRemotingProtocolVersion 2.3

SerializationVersion 1.1.0.1

PS C:\Users\incodebackup\Documents\Scripts\TUNet_Backup> Get-Module -ListAvailable

Directory: C:\Program Files\WindowsPowerShell\Modules

ModuleType Version Name ExportedCommands

---------- ------- ---- ----------------

Script 1.0.1 Microsoft.PowerShell.Operation.V... {Get-OperationValidation, Invoke-OperationValidation}

Binary 1.1.2 Microsoft.PowerShell.SecretManag... {Register-SecretVault, Unregister-SecretVault, Get-SecretVault, Set-SecretVaultDefault...}

Binary 1.0.6 Microsoft.PowerShell.SecretStore {Unlock-SecretStore, Set-SecretStorePassword, Get-SecretStoreConfiguration, Set-SecretStoreConfiguration...}

PS C:\Users\incodebackup\Documents\Scripts\TUNet_Backup> Get-SCheduledTask | Format-List -Property *

State : Ready

Actions : {MSFT_TaskExecAction}

Author : WIN-M95PVJLVDAB\incodebackup

Date : 2026-01-27T15:28:35.7952875

Description : This task copies files out of the TUNET/datafile directory once a say to ARCHIBALD.

Documentation :

Principal : MSFT_TaskPrincipal2

SecurityDescriptor :

Settings : MSFT_TaskSettings3

Source :

TaskName : Daily TUNet Backup Copy

TaskPath : \

Triggers : {MSFT_TaskDailyTrigger}

URI : \Daily TUNet Backup Copy

Version :

PSComputerName :

CimClass : Root/Microsoft/Windows/TaskScheduler:MSFT_ScheduledTask

CimInstanceProperties : {Actions, Author, Date, Description...}

CimSystemProperties : Microsoft.Management.Infrastructure.CimSystemProperties

I execute Start-Transcript early in the script execution, and because

of the crash(?), it is short enough to included in its entirety:

**********************

Windows PowerShell transcript start

Start time: 20260127190002

Username: WIN-M95PVJLVDAB\incodebackup

RunAs User: WIN-M95PVJLVDAB\incodebackup

Machine: WIN-M95PVJLVDAB (Microsoft Windows NT 10.0.14393.0)

Host Application: C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -NonInteractive -File C:\Users\Incodebackup\Documents\Scripts\TUNet_Backup\Copy-TUNetBackup.ps1 -daily -test

Process ID: 2084

PSVersion: 5.1.14393.3471

PSEdition: Desktop

PSCompatibleVersions: 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 5.1.14393.3471

BuildVersion: 10.0.14393.3471

CLRVersion: 4.0.30319.42000

WSManStackVersion: 3.0

PSRemotingProtocolVersion: 2.3

SerializationVersion: 1.1.0.1

**********************

Transcript started, output file is C:\Users\Incodebackup\Documents\Scripts\TUNet_Backup\daily_2026-01-27_190002.log

2026/01/27 19:00:02 INFO 940 TUNet backup script started.

2026/01/27 19:00:02 INFO 941 Copy-TUNetBackup.ps1 Version: 6.0F

2026/01/27 19:00:02 INFO 942 Parameter qhourly: False

2026/01/27 19:00:02 INFO 943 Parameter hourly: False

2026/01/27 19:00:02 INFO 944 Parameter daily: True

2026/01/27 19:00:02 INFO 945 Parameter purge: False

2026/01/27 19:00:02 INFO 946 Parameter archive: False

2026/01/27 19:00:02 INFO 947 Parameter test: True

2026/01/27 19:00:02 INFO 1035 Creating mutex object.

2026/01/27 19:00:02 INFO 1037 Creating semaphore object.

2026/01/27 19:00:02 INFO 1058 Mutex timeout set: 300000

2026/01/27 19:00:02 INFO 1072 Attempting to acquire mutex to enter semaphore...

2026/01/27 19:00:02 INFO 1074 ...got the mutex!

2026/01/27 19:00:02 INFO 1075 Attempting to enter the semaphore...

2026/01/27 19:00:02 INFO 1077 ... got the semaphore!

2026/01/27 19:00:02 INFO 719 Release-Mutex: Attempting to release mutex...

2026/01/27 19:00:02 INFO 721 Release-Mutex: ...done.

2026/01/27 19:00:02 INFO 1090 Using TEST values for source and destination paths.

2026/01/27 19:00:02 INFO 1109 TUnet Source: \\192.168.100.46\Netbackup\Netbackup\Tantalus\test_src\datafile

2026/01/27 19:00:02 INFO 1110 ARCHIE Dest: \\192.168.100.46\Netbackup\Netbackup\Tantalus\test_dest\datafile

2026/01/27 19:00:02 INFO 1114 Attempt to acquire mutex to mount network shares...

2026/01/27 19:00:02 INFO 1116 ...got the mutex!

2026/01/27 19:00:02 INFO 1117 Opening SecretStore vault...!

2026/01/27 19:00:02 INFO 1120 ... vault opened!

2026/01/27 19:00:02 INFO 1121 Checking connection to \\192.168.100.46\Netbackup\Netbackup\Tantalus ...

2026/01/27 19:00:02 INFO 1126 ...not connected to \\192.168.100.46\Netbackup\Netbackup\Tantalus .

2026/01/27 19:00:02 INFO 1127 Get FULTON\incodebackup password...

**********************

Windows PowerShell transcript end

End time: 20260127190002

**********************

Now I will show you the script around line 1127 where it goes out into

the weeds:

Write-Log -Level "INFO" -Message "$(__LINE__) Opening SecretStore vault...!"

$pw = Import-CliXml -Path '.\TUNet-Backup-Vault.xml' -Verbose

Unlock-SecretStore -Password $pw

Write-Log -Level "INFO" -Message "$(__LINE__) ... vault opened!"

# Statements omitted

Write-Log -Level "INFO" -Message "$(__LINE__) Get $archie_un password..."

try {

$pw = Get-Secret -Name $archie_un -Verbose -Debug

} catch {

$err_msg = "Get-Secret exception. Name: $archie_un Exception: $($_.Exception.Message)"

Write-Log -Level "FATAL" -Message "$(__LINE__) $err_msg"

throw $err_msg

}

Write-Log -Level "INFO" -Message "$(__LINE__) ...done!"

I was able to unlock the SecretStore, but Get-Secret fails. The very

odd thing, besides not getting my password out the SecretStore, is

that there is no exception posted by Powershell. I have no information

at all about why my attempt did not work. If Get-Secret exited, then I

would expect one of the two possible log messages printed in the

transcript, but as you can see, the transcript ended.

Note: the entire script body is encapsulated in a try{} block, which

has an associated finally{} block, which contains other logging

commands that execute when the finally{} block is entered, but in

scheduled task instance, nothing.

If anyone can tell me how to make Get-Secret work, that would be

great, but I'll settle very gratefully for some way to get more

information from this system to try to figure out why it is not, that

would be most helpful.

Additional information supplied on request.

Get-Secret fails when Powershell script runs in a scheduled task.

COF_Utility_ITC — Wed, 28 Jan 2026 21:48:29 GMT