A few months back, I did an experiment to see what it would take to run an Azure IoT Edge module image in a Kubernetes cluster independent of the IoT Edge's runtime. There's no (known) use case for this, I was just curious. Containers are inherently redeployable, so I wanted to see if I could move an Azure IoT Edge module into a pod on a Kubernetes cluster.
I wrote up my findings in a Gist.
Summary: You need to set up certificates like you are deploying a leaf device, and you need to manually manage the module, but it works. I ran the module as a pod in Kubernetes, but this could also be done for any container deployment system.
