SharePoint Columns - ID Records from Different List

I have two separate lists, with one recording active items to be updated and worked, and the other list is intended to collect data as an artifact/intake form. However, with limitations of Power Automate and the data sensitivity involved, I only have the option to create a SharePoint MS List to collect data from the user and populate the data manually in the active item list.

Is there any way I can create a column in SharePoint that exports the values in the Intake list based on the active item IDs (i.e., date, numeric value) dynamically, so that users can only choose drop-down options that exist? I have ideas for data validation before the final record is updated, but it would be much easier if users had the option to see those values. 

Otherwise, it appears I would need to update the choices/options for the columns. 

Please let me know if I can clarify my question at all. I am still pretty new to SharePoint, so any help or suggestions is greatly appreciated.

Thank you in advance!